QUESTÕES DE INGLÊS DE VESTIBULAR & PS: 03/27/25

quinta-feira, 27 de março de 2025

UEMG–2019–COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS-INSTITUTO IBGP-VESTIBULAR-2019.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

06 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 4 Options Each Question.

PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO

❑ Read the text to answer questions 49 to 53.

Fire Devastates Brazil's Oldest Science Museum

The overnight inferno likely claimed fossils, cultural artifacts, and more irreplaceable collections amassed over 200 years.

By Michael Greshko

______________________________________

PUBLISHED September 6, 2018

Major pieces of Brazil's scientific and cultural heritage went up in smoke on September 2, as a devastating fire ripped through much of Rio de Janeiro's Museu Nacional, or National Museum. Founded in 1818, the museum is Brazil's oldest scientific institution and one of the largest and most renowned museums in Latin America, amassing a collection of some 20 million scientifically and culturally invaluable artifacts.

The Museu Nacional's holdings include Luzia, an 11,500-year-old skull considered one of South

America's oldest human fossils, as well as the bones of uniquely Brazilian creatures such as the long-necked dinosaur Maxakalisaurus. Because of the auction tastes of Brazil's 19th-century emperors, the Museu Nacional also ended up with Latin America's oldest collection of Egyptian mummies and artifacts.

Even the building holds historical importance: It housed the exiled Portuguese royal family from 1808 to 1821, after they fled to Rio de Janeiro in 1807 to escape Napoleon. The complex also served as the palace for Brazil's post-independence emperors until 1889, before the museum collections were transferred there in 1902.

In an September 5 email, Museu Nacional curator

Débora Pires wrote that the entomology and arachnology collections were completely destroyed, as was most of the mollusk collection. However,

technicians had braved the fire to save 80 percent of the mollusk holotypes—the specimens that formally serve as the global references for a given species. The museum's vertebrate specimens, herbarium, and library were housed separately and survived the fire.

(...)

An Irreplaceable Loss

It's not yet clear how the fire started, but it did begin after the museum was closed to the public, and no injuries have yet been reported. Firefighters worked through the night to douse the burnt-out shell of the main building, but it seems the blaze has already seared a gaping hole in many scientists' careers.

“The importance of the collections that were lost

couldn't be overstated,” says Luiz Rocha, a Brazilian ichthyologist now at the California Academy of Sciences who has visited the Museu Nacional several times to study its collections. “They were unique as it gets: Many of them were irreplaceable, there's no way to put a monetary value on it.”

“In terms of [my] life-long research agenda, I'm pretty much lost,” says Marcus Guidoti, a Brazilian

entomologist finishing up his Ph.D. in a program co-run by Brazil's Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul.

Guidoti studies lace bugs, an insect family with more than 2,000 species worldwide. The Museu Nacional held one of the world's largest lace bug collections, but the fire likely destroyed it and the rest of the museum's five million arthropod specimens.

“Those type specimens can't be replaced, and they are crucial to understand the species,” he says by text message.

“If I was willing to keep working on this family in this region of the globe, this was definitely a big hit.”

Paleontologist Dimila Mothé, a postdoctoral researcher at the Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro, adds that the blows to science extend beyond thecollections themselves.

“It's not only the cultural history, the natural history, but all the theses and research developed there,” she says. “Most of the laboratories there were lost, too, and the research of several professors. I'm not sure you can say the impact

of what was lost.”

Brazil’s indigenous knowledge also has suffered. The Museu Nacional housed world-renowned collections of indigenous objects, as well as many audio recordings of indigenous languages from all over Brazil. Some of these recordings, now lost, were of languages that are no longer spoken.

“I have no words to say how horrible this is,” says

Brazilian anthropologist Mariana Françozo, an expert on South American indigenous objects at Leiden University.

“The indigenous collections are a tremendous loss ... we can no longer study them, we can no longer understand what our ancestors did. It’s heartbreaking.”

On Monday, The Brazilian publication G1 Rio reported that ashes of burned documents — some still flecked in notes or illustrations — have rained down from the sky more than a mile away from the Museu Nacional, thrown aloft by the inferno.

(...)

Editor's Note: This story was updated on September 6, 2018, with new details about which artifacts survived the fire.

Taken from: https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/2018/09/news-museu-nacional-fire-rio-de-janeiro-natural-history/. Access: 11 dez. 2018.

49 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2019) In the excerpt

“Founded in 1818, the museum is Brazil's oldest scientific institution and one of the largest and most renowned museums in Latin America”

we have 3 (three) occurrences of:

A) The superlative of inferiority of adjectives.

B) The superlative of superiority of adjectives.

C) The comparative of inferiority of adjectives.

D) The comparative of superiority of adjectives.

Comentários e Gabarito B

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

50 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2019) In the excerpt

“Even the building holds historical importance: It housed the exiled Portuguese royal family from 1808 to 1821, after they fled to Rio de Janeiro in 1807 to escape Napoleon”,

the word IT refers to:

A) The building.

B) Importance.

C) Royal family.

D) Rio de Janeiro.

Comentários e Gabarito A

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

51 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2019) According to the text about the Brazilian National Museum, the fire

A) burned vertebrate specimens, herbarium and

library.

B) destroyed entomology and arachnology collections.

C) provoked the exile of the Portuguese royal

family.

D) reached renowned museums in Latin America.

Comentários e Gabarito B

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

52 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2019) The fire caused damages and losses in different areas of the National Museum, EXCEPT in:

A) Paleontology.

B) Entomology.

C) Herbology.

D) Anthropology.

Comentários e Gabarito C

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

The fire caused damages and losses in different areas of the National Museum, EXCEPT in:

A) Paleontology.

B) Entomology.

C) Herbology.

D) Anthropology.

53 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2019) The correct reported speech form for the sentence

“Most of the laboratories there were lost, too, and the research of several professors. I'm not sure you can say the impact of what was lost”,

said by Dimila Mothé, is:

A) Dimila Mothé said that most of the laboratories

there were lost, too, and the research of several

professors and she is not sure one can say the

impact of what was lost.

B) Dimila Mothé said that most of the laboratories

there had been lost, too, and the research of

several professors and she was not sure one

could say the impact of what had been lost.

C) Dimila Mothé said that most of the laboratories

there were lost, too, and the research of several

professors and she was not sure one could say

the impact of what was lost.

D) Dimila Mothé said that most of the laboratories

there are lost, too, and the research of several

professors and she was not sure one can say the

impact of what was lost.

Comentários e Gabarito B

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

54 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2019)

Lima Barreto’s work (Sad End of Policarpo Quaresma) describes a man who acted in some areas along his life.

Check the alternative that shows the area that it was

NOT active.

A) Agriculture.

B) Music.

C) Medicine.

D) Politics.

Comentários e Gabarito C

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Lima Barreto’s work (Sad End of Policarpo Quaresma) describes a man who acted in some areas along his life.

Check the alternative that shows the area that it was

NOT active.

A) Agriculture.

B) Music.

C) Medicine.

D) Politics.

UEMG–2022–COLLEGE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

UNIVERSIDADE DO ESTADO DE MINAS GERAIS-VESTIBULAR-2022.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

06 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 4 Options Each Question.

PROVA, TRADUÇÃO, GABARITO & MUITO VOCABULÁRIO

❑ PROVA:

❑ TRADUÇÃO DO TEXTO:

Don’t Look Up: four climate experts on the polarising disaster film

Não olhe para cima: quatro especialistas em clima sobre o filme polarizador sobre o desastre

Critics haven’t been kind to Adam McKay’s eco-satire, but many climate experts are lauding it.

Os críticos não foram gentis com a sátira ecológica de Adam McKay, mas muitos especialistas em clima estão elogiando-a.

Here four give their views Rarely has a film been as divisive as Adam McKay’s climate satire Don’t Look Up.

Aqui, quatro dão suas opiniões Raramente um filme foi tão divisivo quanto a sátira climática de Adam McKay, Don’t Look Up.

Although it has been watched by millions, and is already Netflix’s third most watched film ever, the response from critics was largely negative.

Embora venha sido assistido por milhões e já seja o terceiro filme mais assistido da Netflix, a resposta dos críticos foi amplamente negativa.

Many found its story of scientists who discover an asteroid heading for Earth a clumsy allegory for the climate crisis, while others just found it boring.

Muitos acharam sua história de cientistas que descobrem um asteroide indo em direção à Terra uma alegoria desajeitada para a crise climática, enquanto outros simplesmente acharam chato.

But many in the climate movement have praised the film, and audience reviews have been generally positive.

Mas muitos no movimento climático elogiaram o filme, e as avaliações do público foram geralmente positivas.

We asked four climate experts to give their views on the film.

Pedimos a quatro especialistas em clima para darem suas opiniões sobre o filme.

Warning: spoilers ahead.

Aviso: spoilers a seguir.

Ketan Joshi: ‘The main character of the climate crisis is absent’

Ketan Joshi: ‘O personagem principal da crise climática está ausente’

[…]

Fiona Harvey: ‘The role of the technoloon, played by Mark Rylance, struck a chord’

Fiona Harvey: ‘O papel do technoloon, interpretado por Mark Rylance, tocou uma corda sensível’

[…]

After 17 years of reporting on the climate crisis, I doubted at first that the film had much to tell me about the frustrations of communicating a hypothetical catastrophe.

Depois de 17 anos de reportagens sobre a crise climática, duvidei a princípio que o filme tivesse muito a me dizer sobre as frustrações de comunicar uma catástrofe hipotética.

As the film’s scientists first struggled to clothe their data in sober, measured terms, then broke into swearing, armwaving shrieks about provable imminent apocalypse, I nodded along.

Enquanto os cientistas do filme primeiro se esforçavam para apresentar seus dados em termos sóbrios e comedidos, depois irrompiam em xingamentos e gritos agitados sobre um apocalipse iminente e provável, eu concordava.

Yes, that’s what it feels like, and no, no one listens, not until it is too late.

Sim, é isso que parece, e não, ninguém escuta, não até que seja tarde demais.

Yet it was illuminating in unexpected ways – something I’ve always struggled with is how rational people can fail to grasp the scale of climate breakdown, how we could leave it so late.

No entanto, foi esclarecedor de maneiras inesperadas – algo com que sempre lutei é como pessoas racionais podem falhar em entender a escala do colapso climático, como pudemos deixar para tão tarde.

As the film shows, it’s partly because vested interests keep it that way, but it’s also just because we’re human.

Como o filme mostra, é em parte porque interesses adquiridos mantêm as coisas assim, mas também é só porque somos humanos.

Believing in disaster before it strikes is fundamentally not how we work.

Acreditar no desastre antes que ele aconteça não é fundamentalmente como funcionamos.

The role of the techno-loon, played by Mark Rylance, struck another chord. Cop26 was not a failure, though on the surface that was the obvious conclusion – it was more nuanced than that.

O papel do tecno-loon, interpretado por Mark Rylance, tocou outro acorde. Cop26 não foi um fracasso, embora na superfície essa fosse a conclusão óbvia – era mais nuançado do que isso.

Soon after the Cop26 circus left Glasgow, the danger of painting the outcome in such blackand-white terms became apparent, as wellmeaning experts concluded – in all seriousness – as talking didn’t work, our best hope would be for billionaires to bypass the UN and geoengineer the climate from space.

Logo depois que o circo da Cop26 deixou Glasgow, o perigo de pintar o resultado em termos tão preto e branco se tornou aparente, conforme especialistas bem-intencionados concluíram – com toda a seriedade – que, como falar não funcionava, nossa melhor esperança seria que os bilionários ignorassem a ONU e fizessem a geoengenharia do clima a partir do espaço.

Because obviously the answer to a vast uncontrolled experiment on the atmosphere is to conduct a vast uncontrolled experiment on the atmosphere.

Porque, obviamente, a resposta para um vasto experimento descontrolado na atmosfera é conduzir um vasto experimento descontrolado na atmosfera.

[…]

Nina Lakhani: ‘Jennifer Lawrence’s character will resonate with many female climate scientists’

Nina Lakhani: ‘A personagem de Jennifer Lawrence vai ressoar com muitas cientistas climáticas femininas’

[…]

How Kate Dibiasky, the postgraduate student played by Jennifer Lawrence who discovered the comet, is portrayed as an unhinged hysterical woman, will resonate with many female climate scientists and activists whose crucial knowledge has been sidelined.

A forma como Kate Dibiasky, a estudante de pós-graduação interpretada por Jennifer Lawrence que descobriu o cometa, é retratada como uma mulher histérica e desequilibrada, vai repercutir em muitas cientistas climáticas e ativistas cujo conhecimento crucial foi deixado de lado.

The scene where her parents declare that they’re in favour of the jobs the comet will provide will resonate with millions of people, including me, trying to deal with relatives who have bought into political lies.

A cena em que os pais dela declaram que são a favor dos empregos que o cometa fornecerá repercutirá em milhões de pessoas, inclusive eu, tentando lidar com parentes que acreditaram em mentiras políticas.

[…] Damian Carrington: ‘It highlights the absurdity of staring disaster in the face, then looking away’

Damian Carrington: ‘Isso destaca o absurdo de encarar o desastre de frente e depois desviar o olhar’

I loved Don’t Look Up, both as an entertainment and as a climate crisis parable. But the movie has been panned by many critics, with the main charge being that it is heavy-handed, blunt and too obvious.

Eu adorei Don’t Look Up, tanto como entretenimento quanto como parábola da crise climática. Mas o filme foi criticado por muitos críticos, com a acusação principal de que ele é pesado, direto e óbvio demais.

But that is exactly the point. Scientists have been issuing blunt warnings about obvious dangers of global heating for years and have been ignored – carbon emissions are still rising.

Mas esse é exatamente o ponto. Cientistas têm emitido alertas contundentes sobre perigos óbvios do aquecimento global há anos e têm sido ignorados – as emissões de carbono ainda estão aumentando.

The film perfectly skewers the key ways in which they have been ignored: for short-term political expediency and short-term corporate profit.

O filme aborda perfeitamente as principais maneiras pelas quais eles foram ignorados: por conveniência política de curto prazo e lucro corporativo de curto prazo.

In particular, the movie beautifully portrays the incredulity of scientists that their carefully constructed evidence can be dismissed with bluster such as “we’ll sit tight and assess” by leaders more concerned about today’s political weather and a media more interested in the minutiae of celebrities’ lives.

Em particular, o filme retrata lindamente a incredulidade dos cientistas de que suas evidências cuidadosamente construídas podem ser descartadas com fanfarronices como "vamos ficar sentados e avaliar" por líderes mais preocupados com o clima político atual e uma mídia mais interessada nas minúcias da vida das celebridades.

[…]

The point of the film is savagely highlighting the absurdity of staring disaster in the face, then looking away rather than acting. In that respect, it is a triumph.

O ponto do filme é selvagemente destacar o absurdo de encarar o desastre de frente e então desviar o olhar em vez de agir. Nesse aspecto, é um triunfo.

07 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2022) The text talks about Netflix climate satire Don’t look up. Mark the correct option concerning how the movie was received by critics.

(A) Critics have been kind to Adam McKay’s eco-satire.

(B) Critics are lauding Adam McKay’s eco-satire.

(D) Critics think Adam McKay’s eco-satire is genial.

Comentários e Gabarito C

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

The text talks about Netflix climate satire Don’t look up. Mark the correct option concerning how the movie was received by critics.

O texto fala sobre a sátira climática da Netflix Não olhe para cima. Marque a opção correta sobre como o filme foi recebido pelos críticos.

(A) Critics have been kind to Adam McKay’s eco-satire.

Os críticos foram gentis com a ecossátira de Adam McKay.

(B) Critics are lauding Adam McKay’s eco-satire.

Os críticos estão elogiando a ecossátira de Adam McKay.

Os críticos foram implacáveis com a ecossátira de Adam McKay.

(D) Critics think Adam McKay’s eco-satire is genial.

Os críticos acham a ecossátira de Adam McKay genial.

>> TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA:

"[...] Critics haven’t been kind to Adam McKay’s eco-satire, but many climate experts are lauding it."
Os críticos não foram gentis com a sátira ecológica de Adam McKay, mas muitos especialistas em clima estão elogiando-a.

08 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2022) Concerning the excerpt: “Critics haven’t been kind to Adam McKay’s eco-satire, but many climate experts are lauding it”, and the context it was taken from, mark the correct option regarding the usage of the pronoun “it”.

(A) “It” is an object pronoun that refers back to “Adam McKay”.

(B) “It” is an object pronoun that refers back to “Adam McKay’s eco-satire”.

(D) “It” is a demonstrative pronoun that refers back to “Adam McKay’s eco-satire”.

Comentários e Gabarito B

TÓPICO - PRONOME OBJETO E O ELEMENTO REFERENCIADO:

Concerning the excerpt: “Critics haven’t been kind to Adam McKay’s eco-satire, but many climate experts are lauding it”, and the context it was taken from, mark the correct option regarding the usage of the pronoun “it”.

Sobre o trecho: “Os críticos não foram gentis com a eco-sátira de Adam McKay, mas muitos especialistas em clima estão elogiando”, e o contexto de onde foi retirado, marque a opção correta sobre o uso do pronome “it”.

(A) “It” is an object pronoun that refers back to “Adam McKay”.

(B) “It” is an object pronoun that refers back to “Adam McKay’s eco-satire”.

(D) “It” is a demonstrative pronoun that refers back to “Adam McKay’s eco-satire”.

09 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2022) Consider the following excerpts taken from the text and mark the option which presents a verb form in the passive voice.

(A) “Rarely has a film been as divisive as Adam McKay’s climate satire Don’t Look Up”.

(B) “(…) it has been watched by millions (…)”.

(D) “(...) audience reviews have been generally positive (...)”.

Comentários e Gabarito B

TÓPICO - PASSIVE VOICE (Verbo "BE" + Participle Past:

(A) “Rarely ~~has a film been~~ as divisive as Adam McKay’s climate satire Don’t Look Up”.

(B) “(…) it has been watched by millions (…)”.

(D) “(...) audience reviews ~~have been~~ generally positive (...)”.

10 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2022) Consider the following excerpt: “The role of the techno-loon, played by Mark Rylance, struck another chord”. Taking into account the context the excerpt was taken from, mark the option which best defines the expression “to strike a chord”.

(A) To play a string musical instrument.

(B) To harmonize or voice with chords.

(D) To affect someone’s emotions.

Comentários e Gabarito D

TÓPICO - EXPRESSÃO IDIOMÁTICA "TO STRIKE A CHORD" (= To affect someone’s emotions.):

Consider the following excerpt: “The role of the techno-loon, played by Mark Rylance, struck another chord”.

Considere o seguinte trecho: “O papel do techno-loon, interpretado por Mark Rylance, tocou outro acorde”.

Taking into account the context the excerpt was taken from, mark the option which best defines the expression “to strike a chord”.

Levando em conta o contexto do qual o trecho foi retirado, marque a opção que melhor define a expressão “to strike a chord”.

(A) To play a string musical instrument.

Tocar um instrumento musical de cordas.

(B) To harmonize or voice with chords.

Harmonizar ou dar voz com acordes.

Discordar de algo.

(D) To affect someone’s emotions.

Afetar as emoções de alguém.

11 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2022) The climate expert Nina Lakhani thinks that “Jennifer Lawrence’s character will resonate with many female climate scientists”.

Mark the option which best describes the meaning of Nina’s statement.

(A) Many female scientists will produce a sympathetic response to Jennifer Lawrence’s character.

(B) Many scientists will try to buy into political lies.

(D) Female scientists will not relate do Jennifer Lawrence’s character.

Comentários e Gabarito A

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

The climate expert Nina Lakhani thinks that “Jennifer Lawrence’s character will resonate with many female climate scientists”.

A especialista em clima Nina Lakhani acha que “a personagem de Jennifer Lawrence ressoará com muitas cientistas climáticas mulheres”.

Mark the option which best describes the meaning of Nina’s statement.

Marque a opção que melhor descreve o significado da declaração de Nina.

(A) Many female scientists will produce a sympathetic response to Jennifer Lawrence’s character.

Muitas cientistas mulheres produzirão uma resposta simpática à personagem de Jennifer Lawrence.

(B) Many scientists will try to buy into political lies.

Muitas cientistas tentarão comprar mentiras políticas.

As pessoas finalmente acreditarão no conhecimento crucial que as cientistas mulheres têm a compartilhar.

(D) Female scientists will not relate do Jennifer Lawrence’s character.

As mulheres cientistas não se identificarão com a personagem de Jennifer Lawrence.

12 – (UEMG-VESTIBULAR-2024) Considering Damian Carrington’s opinion on the movie Don’t look up, mark the INCORRECT option.

(A) One of the reasons why Damian Carrington likes the movie Don’t look up is because it is blunt and obvious.

(B) Damian Carrington compliments the movie for presenting the incredulity of scientists facing the fact their carefully constructed evidence is discarded.

(D) Damian Carrington believes the movie Don’t look up is well done in the sense it shows the absurdity of facing a disaster and looking away.

Comentários e Gabarito C

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO: