FGV/SP – 2012/1 – VESTIBULAR – 1º SEMESTRE - ADMINISTRAÇÃO – LÍNGUA INGLESA – FUNDAÇÃO GETÚLIO VARGAS – PROVA COM GABARITO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-ADMINISTRAÇÃO-1º SEMESTRE-11/12/2011.

https://vestibular.fgv.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA-2022/1:

➭ 15 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

➭ Text (1)  – | Not so perfect after all | The Economist |

➭ Text (2)  – | STORMS BREWING | THE NEW YORKER |

❑ TEXTO 1:

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 1:

Not so perfect after all

Afinal, não é tão perfeito 

For the past four decades or so, Botswana has been Africa’s golden boy.

Durante as últimas quatro décadas, o Botswana tem sido o menino de ouro de África.

The former British possession has grown as fast as almost any country in the world.

A antiga possessão britânica cresceu tão rapidamente como quase qualquer país do mundo.

It has built an enviable reputation for good governance and political stability.

Construiu uma reputação invejável de boa governação e estabilidade política.

It has a decent record on civil liberties and a relatively free press.

Tem um histórico decente em matéria de liberdades civis e uma imprensa relativamente livre.

Once one of the world´s poorest countries, it now ranks among the richer middle-income ones.

Outrora um dos países mais pobres do mundo, está agora entre os países de rendimento médio mais ricos.

A lot has to do with the discovery of diamonds, of which it is the world´s biggest producer, soon after independence in 1996.

Muito tem a ver com a descoberta de diamantes, dos quais é o maior produtor mundial, logo após a independência em 1996.

But unlike many other mineral-rich countries, it has invested wisely. It has been ranked as Africa’s least corrupt country.
Mas, ao contrário de muitos outros países ricos em minerais, investiu sabiamente. Foi classificado como o país menos corrupto de África.

But for the past two months it has been shaken by its first nationwide public-sector strike.

Mas nos últimos dois meses foi abalado pela sua primeira greve nacional no sector público.

Botswana´s 2m people, generally a deferential lot, were shocked when their normally unarmed police used tear-gas and rubber bullets to disperse rioting secondary-school pupils after they went on the rampage in April.

Os 2 milhões de habitantes do Botswana, geralmente um grupo deferente, ficaram chocados quando a sua polícia, normalmente desarmada, usou gás lacrimogêneo e balas de borracha para dispersar estudantes rebeldes do ensino secundário, depois de estes terem desencadeado o tumulto em Abril.

The government closed all state schools, though they have since reopened.
O governo fechou todas as escolas estaduais, embora elas tenham reaberto desde então.

The affair started as an ordinary pay dispute.

O caso começou como uma disputa salarial comum.

Permitted for the first time to join trade unions under a new law, the country’s 120,000 public-sector workers promptly demanded a 16% pay rise after a three-year wage freeze.

Autorizados pela primeira vez a aderir a sindicatos ao abrigo de uma nova lei, os 120 mil trabalhadores do setor público do país exigiram prontamente um aumento salarial de 16% após um congelamento salarial de três anos.

The government, pleading poverty following a slump in the diamond market during the global recession, offered just 5% conditional on future economic growth.

O governo, alegando pobreza após uma queda no mercado de diamantes durante a recessão global, ofereceu apenas 5%, condicionado ao crescimento econômico futuro.

Eager to flex their muscles, the newly formed unions stood their ground.

Ansiosos por flexibilizar os seus músculos, os sindicatos recém-formados mantiveram-se firmes.

But the government, the country´s biggest employer, accounting for 40% of formal jobs, also refused to budge.
Mas o governo, o maior empregador do país, responsável por 40% dos empregos formais, também se recusou a ceder.

On April 18th the unions called an all-out strike claiming that 80% responded.

No dia 18 de Abril os sindicatos convocaram uma greve geral alegando que 80% responderam.

Even at its peak, says the government, no more than half of its employees walked out, leaving most ministries and services operating more or less normally.

Mesmo no seu auge, diz o governo, não mais de metade dos seus funcionários saíram, deixando a maioria dos ministérios e serviços a funcionar mais ou menos normalmente.

But the government has dealt with the dispute with a heavy hand, firing 1,400 striking health workers, including some 50 doctors, claiming they were providing an “essential service” and as such were banned under the constitution from striking.

Mas o governo lidou com a disputa com mão pesada, despedindo 1.400 profissionais de saúde em greve, incluindo cerca de 50 médicos, alegando que prestavam um “serviço essencial” e, como tal, foram proibidos de fazer greve ao abrigo da Constituição.

Worn down by almost two months without pay, the unions have agreed to accept the government´s revised unconditional 3% offer, provided all sacked workers are reinstated.

Desgastados por quase dois meses sem remuneração, os sindicatos concordaram em aceitar a oferta revista e incondicional de 3% do governo, desde que todos os trabalhadores despensados sejam reintegrados.

This the government is refusing to do.

Isso o governo se recusa a fazer.

The Economist - June 11th – 17th 2011

31 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
In paragraph 1, the phrase “…Botswana has been African’s golden boy” most likely means which of the following?
(A) Botswana’s best years are still to come.
(B) Botswana’s greatest asset is the fact that the British colonized it.
(C) Botswana is the only African country to have achieved middle-income prosperity.
(D) Botswana’s prosperity is based, ironically, on diamonds instead of gold.
(E) Botswana must be considered a real success story.

 👍   Gabarito    E  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• No parágrafo 1, a frase "... Botswana foi o menino de ouro da África" provavelmente significa qual das seguintes opções?

a) Botswana’s best years are still to come. – Os melhores anos do Botswana ainda estão por vir.

b) Botswana’s greatest asset is the fact that the British colonized it. – O maior trunfo de Botswana é o fato de que os britânicos o colonizaram.

c) Botswana is the only African country to have achieved middle-income prosperity. – Botsuana é o único país africano que alcançou prosperidade de renda média.

d) Botswana’s prosperity is based, ironically, on diamonds instead of gold. – A prosperidade do Botswana é baseada, ironicamente, em diamantes em vez de ouro.

e) Botswana must be considered a real success story. – O Botswana deve ser considerado uma verdadeira história de sucesso.

➭ RESPOSTA FUNDAMENTA NO TRECHO:

•  "[...] It has a decent record on civil liberties and a relatively free press. Once one of the world´s poorest countries, it now ranks among the richer middle-income ones. A lot has to do with the discovery of diamonds, of which it is the world´s biggest producer, soon after independence in 1996. But unlike many other mineral-rich countries, it has invested wisely. It has been ranked as Africa’s least corrupt country. "

• Tem um histórico decente em matéria de liberdades civis e uma imprensa relativamente livre. Outrora um dos países mais pobres do mundo, está agora entre os países de rendimento médio mais ricos. Muito tem a ver com a descoberta de diamantes, dos quais é o maior produtor mundial, logo após a independência em 1996. Mas, ao contrário de muitos outros países ricos em minerais, investiu sabiamente. Foi classificado como o país menos corrupto de África.

32 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?
(A) Botswana’s good governance and political stability would be impossible without its diamondsupported prosperity.
(B) In recent years, Botswana has started respecting civil rights.
(C) All African countries are more unethical and dishonest than Botswana is.
(D) Botswana has greater press freedom than does any other country in Africa.
(E) Along with diamond revenues, direct foreign investment guarantees Botswana’s prosperity.

 👍   Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• Qual das opções a seguir é mais corroborada pelas informações do artigo?

a) Botswana’s good governance and political stability would be impossible without its diamond supported prosperity. – A boa governança e estabilidade política de Botswana seriam impossíveis sem sua prosperidade apoiada por diamantes.

b) In recent years, Botswana has started respecting civil rights. – Nos últimos anos, o Botswana começou a respeitar os direitos civis.

c) All African countries are more unethical and dishonest than Botswana is.  – Todos os países africanos são mais antiéticos e desonestos do que o Botswana.

d) Botswana has greater press freedom than does any other country in Africa. – Botsuana tem maior liberdade de imprensa do que qualquer outro país da África.

e) Along with diamond revenues, direct foreign investment guarantees Botswana’s prosperity. – Juntamente com as receitas de diamantes, o investimento estrangeiro direto garante a prosperidade do Botswana.

➭ RESPOSTA FUNDAMENTADA NO TRECHO:

•  "[...] But unlike many other mineral-rich countries, it has invested wisely. It has been ranked as Africa’s least corrupt country."
• Mas, ao contrário de muitos outros países ricos em minerais, investiu sabiamente. Foi classificado como o país menos corrupto de África.

33 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
According to the information in the article, the people of Botswana
(A) were caught by surprise when the country’s public-sector workers went on strike.
(B) were upset that police used aggressive methods against a crowd of violent adolescents.
(C) supported the police in their use of tear-gas and rubber bullets against a crowd of violent adolescents.
(D) believe the government was wrong to close all state schools.
(E) are worried that the recent public-sector strike was cause by factors beyond the government’s control.

 👍   Gabarito    B  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, o povo de Botswana...

a) were caught by surprise when the country’s public-sector workers went on strike. – foram pegos de surpresa quando os trabalhadores do setor público do país entraram em greve.

b) were upset that police used aggressive methods against a crowd of violent adolescents. – ficaram chateados porque a polícia usou métodos agressivos contra uma multidão de adolescentes violentos.

c) supported the police in their use of tear-gas and rubber bullets against a crowd of violent adolescents. – apoiou a polícia no uso de gás lacrimogêneo e balas de borracha contra uma multidão de adolescentes violentos.

d) believe the government was wrong to close all state schools. – acredita que o governo errou ao fechar todas as escolas estaduais.

e) are worried that the recent public-sector strike was cause by factors beyond the government’s control. – estão preocupados que a recente greve do setor público foi causada por fatores além do controle do governo.

➭ RESPOSTA FUNDAMENTADA NO TRECHO:

•  "[...] Botswana’s 2m people, generally a deferential lot, were shocked when their normally unarmedpolice used tear-gas and rubber bullets to disperse rioting secondary-school pupils after they went on the rampage in April."
• Os 2 milhões de habitantes do Botswana, geralmente um grupo respeitoso, ficaram chocados quando a sua polícia, normalmente desarmada, usou gás lacrimogéneo e balas de borracha para dispersar estudantes do ensino secundário revoltados, depois de estes terem desencadeado o tumulto em Abril.

34 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
The first sentence in paragraph 3, “The affair started as an ordinary pay dispute,” most likely refers to which of the following?
(A) No one expected the government to react violently to striking public-sector workers.
(B) At first, money was a secondary issue in the negotiation between the government and the publicsector unions.
(C) At the beginning of the conflict, it seemed that the government and the public-sector workers would be able to resolve their problems.
(D) Public-sector workers entered into conflict with the government by asking for more money.
(E) By demanding a substantial pay increase, public-sector workers instantly created a complicated and explosive crisis.

 👍   Gabarito    D  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• A primeira frase no parágrafo 3, “O caso começou como uma disputa ordinária de pagamento”, provavelmente se refere a qual dos seguintes?

a) No one expected the government to react violently to striking public-sector workers. – Ninguém esperava que o governo reagisse violentamente às greves de trabalhadores do setor público.

b) At first, money was a secondary issue in the negotiation between the government and the publicsector unions. – No início, o dinheiro era questão secundária na negociação entre o governo e os sindicatos do setor público.

c) At the beginning of the conflict, it seemed that the government and the public-sector workers would be able to resolve their problems. – No início do conflito parecia que o governo e os trabalhadores do setor público seriam capazes de resolver seus problemas.

d) Public-sector workers entered into conflict with the government by asking for more money. – Os trabalhadores do setor público entraram em conflito com o governo pedindo mais dinheiro.

e) By demanding a substantial pay increase, public-sector workers instantly created a complicated and explosive crisis. – Ao exigir um aumento salarial substancial, os trabalhadores do setor público criaram instantaneamente uma crise complicada e explosiva.

➭ RESPOSTA FUNDAMENTADA NO TRECHO:

•  "[...] Permitted for the first time to join trade unions under a new law, the country’s 120,000 public-sector workers promptly demanded a 16% pay rise after a three-year wage freeze."
• Autorizados pela primeira vez a aderir a sindicatos ao abrigo de uma nova lei, os 120 mil trabalhadores do setor público do país exigiram prontamente um aumento salarial de 16% após um congelamento salarial de três anos.

35 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
With respect to the conflict between Botswana’s government and public-sector workers, which of the following is most supported by information in the article?
(A) Botswana’s government offered but did not guarantee a 5% wage increase for public-sector workers.
(B) Many of Botswana’s 120,000 public-sector workers voted in favor of a 16% pay increase.
(C) Botswana’s government was dishonest when it used the recessive diamond market as an excuse for not agreeing to the public-sector workers’ wage demands.
(D) Botswana’s public-sector workers refused to wait three more years before receiving a wage increase.
(E) The public-sector unions expected the strike to be successful because most people in Botswana work for the government in one way or another.

 👍   Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• Com relação ao conflito entre o governo de Botswana e os trabalhadores do setor público, qual das opções a seguir é mais apoiada pelas informações do artigo?

a) Botswana’s government offered but did not guarantee a 5% wage increase for public-sector workers. – O governo do Botswana ofereceu, mas não garantiu, um aumento salarial de 5% para os trabalhadores do setor público.

b) Many of Botswana’s 120,000 public-sector workers voted in favor of a 16% pay increase. – Muitos dos 120.000 trabalhadores do setor público de Botswana votaram a favor de um aumento salarial de 16%.

c) Botswana’s government was dishonest when it used the recessive diamond market as an excuse for not agreeing to the public-sector workers’ wage demands. – O governo de Botswana foi desonesto ao usar o mercado recessivo de diamantes como desculpa para não concordar com as demandas salariais dos trabalhadores do setor público.

d) Botswana’s public-sector workers refused to wait three more years before receiving a wage increase. – Os trabalhadores do setor público do Botswana recusaram-se a esperar mais três anos antes de receber um aumento salarial.

e) The public-sector unions expected the strike to be successful because most people in Botswana work for the government in one way or another. – Os sindicatos do setor público esperavam que a greve fosse bem-sucedida porque a maioria das pessoas em Botswana trabalha para o governo de uma forma ou de outra.

➭ RESPOSTA FUNDAMENTADA NO TRECHO:

•  "[...] The government, pleading poverty following a slump in the diamond market during the global recession, offered just 5% conditional on future economic growth."
• O governo, alegando pobreza após a queda no mercado de diamantes durante a recessão global, ofereceu apenas 5%, condicionado ao crescimento econômico futuro.

36 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
Which of the following is not supported by the information in the article?
(A) Though both the government and the public-sector unions at first refused to give in, the unions eventually accepted the government’s wage offer.
(B) The government punished striking health workers, declaring that they had acted against Botswana’s constitution.
(C) This was the first time that public-worker unions in Botswana had openly defied the government.
(D) Botswana’s government ministries and services were not seriously affected by the strike.
(E) According to both Botswana’s government and public-service unions, more than half of all publicservice workers went on strike.

 👍   Gabarito    E  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• Qual das opções a seguir não é compatível com as informações do artigo?

a) Though both the government and the public-sector unions at first refused to give in, the unions eventually accepted the government’s wage offer. – Embora o governo e os sindicatos do setor público a princípio se recusassem a ceder, os sindicatos acabaram aceitando a oferta salarial do governo.

b) The government punished striking health workers, declaring that they had acted against Botswana’s constitution. – O governo puniu os trabalhadores de saúde em greve, declarando que eles haviam agido contra a constituição do Botswana.

c) This was the first time that public-worker unions in Botswana had openly defied the government. – Esta foi a primeira vez que sindicatos de trabalhadores públicos em Botswana desafiaram abertamente o governo.

d) Botswana’s government ministries and services were not seriously affected by the strike. – Os ministérios e serviços do governo de Botswana não foram seriamente afetados pela greve.

e) According to both Botswana’s government and publicservice unions, more than half of all public service workers went on strike. – De acordo com o governo de Botsuana e os sindicatos do serviço público, mais da metade de todos os funcionários do serviço público entraram em greve.

➭ RESPOSTA FUNDAMENTADA NO TRECHO:

•  "[...] Even at its peak, says the government, no more than half of its employees walked out, leaving most ministries and services operating more or less normally."
• Mesmo no seu auge, diz o governo, não mais de metade dos seus funcionários saíram, deixando a maioria dos ministérios e serviços a funcionar mais ou menos normalmente."

37 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
In the last sentence of paragraph 4, “This” in “This the government is refusing to do” most likely refers to the act of
(A) authorizing a 16% pay increase for Botswana’s public-sector workers.
(B) increasing the number of workers in the public sector.
(C) giving certain public-sector workers their jobs back.

(D) offering a wage increase of more than 3% to Botswana’s 120,000 public-sector workers.
(E) paying the public-sector workers for the time that they were on strike.

 👍   Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - REFERÊNCIA PRONOMINAL:

• Na última frase do parágrafo 4, "THIS" em "Isso o governo se recusa a fazer" provavelmente se refere ao ato de...

a) authorizing a 16% pay increase for Botswana’s publicsector workers. – autorizar um aumento salarial de 16% para os funcionários do setor público do Botswana.

b) increasing the number of workers in the public sector. –  aumentar o número de trabalhadores no setor público.

c) giving certain public-sector workers their jobs back. –  devolver o emprego a certos trabalhadores do setor público.

d) offering a wage increase of more than 3% to Botswana’s 120,000 public-sector workers. – oferecer um aumento salarial de mais de 3% para os 120.000 trabalhadores do setor público do Botswana.

e) paying the public-sector workers for the time that they were on strike. – pagar aos servidores públicos o tempo de greve.

➭ RESPOSTA FUNDAMENTADA NO TRECHO:

•  "[...] Worn down by almost two months without pay, the unions have agreed to accept the government´s revised unconditional 3% offer, provided all sacked workers are reinstated. This the government is refusing to do."
• Desgastados por quase dois meses sem remuneração, os sindicatos concordaram em aceitar a oferta revista e incondicional de 3% do governo, desde que todos os trabalhadores despedidos sejam reintegrados. Isso o governo se recusa a fazer."

❑ TEXTO 2:

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 2:

STORMS BREWING

TEMPESTADES

 by Elizabeth Kolbert

Last week, the Chinese government estimated that more than four million people were having trouble finding drinking water, owing to a drought along the Yangtze River.

Na semana passada, o governo chinês estimou que mais de quatro milhões de pessoas estavam a ter dificuldades em encontrar água potável, devido a uma seca ao longo do rio Yangtze.

The French agricultural minister warned that an exceptionally hot, dry spring would reduce that country’s wheat harvest.

O ministro da Agricultura francês alertou que uma primavera excepcionalmente quente e seca reduziria a colheita de trigo daquele país.

And in Colombia more than two million acres of land have been submerged after almost a year of nearly continuous rain.

E na Colômbia, mais de dois milhões de acres de terra ficaram submersos depois de quase um ano de chuvas quase contínuas.

“Over the past ten months, we have registered five or six times more rainfall than usual,” the director of Colombia’s meteorological agency, Ricardo Lozano, said.
“Nos últimos dez meses, registramos cinco ou seis vezes mais chuvas do que o normal”, disse o diretor da agência meteorológica da Colômbia, Ricardo Lozano.
For decades, climate scientists have predicted that, as global temperatures rose, the side effects would include deeper droughts, more intense flooding, and more ferocious storms.

Durante décadas, os cientistas do clima previram que, à medida que as temperaturas globais aumentassem, os efeitos secundários incluiriam secas mais profundas, inundações mais intensas e tempestades mais ferozes.

The details of these forecasts are immensely complicated, but the underlying science is pretty simple.

Os detalhes destas previsões são imensamente complicados, mas a ciência subjacente é bastante simples.

Warm air can hold more moisture.

O ar quente pode reter mais umidade.

This means that there is greater evaporation.

Isso significa que há maior evaporação.

It also means that there is more water, and hence more energy, available to the system.
Significa também que há mais água e, portanto, mais energia disponível para o sistema.
What we are seeing now is these predictions being borne out.

O que estamos vendo agora é que essas previsões se confirmam.

If no particular flood or drought or storm can be directly attributed to climate change – there’s always the possibility that any single event was just a random occurrence – the overall trend toward more extreme weather follows from the heating of the earth.

Se nenhuma inundação, seca ou tempestade em particular puder ser diretamente atribuída às alterações climáticas – existe sempre a possibilidade de que qualquer evento isolado tenha sido apenas uma ocorrência aleatória – a tendência geral para condições meteorológicas mais extremas decorre do aquecimento da Terra.

As the cover of Newsweek declared last week, “weather panic” is the “new normal.”

Como declarou a capa da Newsweek na semana passada, o “pânico climático” é o “novo normal”.

The larger problem is that this “new normal” won’t last.

O maior problema é que este “novo normal” não vai durar.

Each additional ton of carbon dioxide that’s spewed into the atmosphere contributes to further warming, thus increasing the risk of violent weather.

Cada tonelada adicional de dióxido de carbono expelida na atmosfera contribui para um maior aquecimento, aumentando assim o risco de condiçõe

s meteorológicas violentas.

The day after the President visited Joplin, Fatih Birol, the chief economist for the International Energy Agency, in Paris, announced that, despite the economic slowdown, global CO2 emissions last year rose by a record amount, to almost thirty-one billion metric tons.

No dia seguinte à visita do Presidente a Joplin, Fatih Birol, economista-chefe da Agência Internacional de Energia, em Paris, anunciou que, apesar da desaceleração económica, as emissões globais de CO2 no ano passado aumentaram num montante recorde, para quase trinta e um mil milhões de toneladas métricas.

“I am very worried,”

Birol said. “This is the worst news on emissions.”
4
When Obama took office, he appointed some of the country’s most knowledgeable climate scientists to his Administration, and it seemed for a time as if he might take his responsibility to lead on this issue seriously. That hope has faded.

THE NEW YORKER - JUNE 13 & 20, 2011

 14

38 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
According to the information in the article,
A approximately four million people in China take their drinking water directly from the Yangtze River.
B because of various weather-related problems, clean drinking water has disappeared along the Yangtze River.
C historically, the Yangtze River must receive heavy rainfall for most of the year in order to be a reliable source of drinking water.
D a serious lack of rain in the region of the Yangtze River means drinking water is now in limited supply for millions of Chinese.
E the Chinese government recently admitted than in only one week more than four million Chinese had been without drinking water.

 👍   Gabarito    D  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• De acordo com as informações do artigo,

a) approximately four million people in China take their drinking water directly from the Yangtze River.

• aproximadamente quatro milhões de pessoas na China tomam sua água potável diretamente do rio Yangtze.

b) because of various weather-related problems, clean drinking water has disappeared along the Yangtze River.

• devido a vários problemas relacionados ao clima, a água potável limpa desapareceu ao longo do rio Yangtze.

c) historically, the Yangtze River must receive heavy rainfall for most of the year in order to be a reliable source of drinking water.

• historicamente, o rio Yangtze deve receber chuvas fortes na maior parte do ano para ser uma fonte confiável de água potável.

d) a serious lack of rain in the region of the Yangtze River means drinking water is now in limited supply for millions of Chinese.

• uma grave falta de chuvas na região do rio Yangtze significa que a água potável agora é limitada para milhões de chineses.

e) the Chinese government recently admitted than in only one week more than four million Chinese had been without drinking water.

• o governo chinês admitiu recentemente que em apenas uma semana mais de quatro milhões de chineses ficaram sem água potável.

39 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
Which of the following is most supported by the information in the article?
A France’s weather-related problem and Colombia’s are similar in that they are both uncommon.
B Because of climatic problems, France may soon face its first wheat shortage.
C Water pollution has made the drought in China more damaging than that in France.
D The recent rain and flooding in Colombia are the most damaging that the country has ever faced.
E In Colombia, five to six months of continuous rain can be considered normal.

 👍   Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• Qual das opções a seguir é mais corroborada pelas informações do artigo?

a) France’s weather-related problem and Colombia’s are similar in that they are both uncommon.

• O problema climático da França e o da Colômbia são semelhantes no sentido de que são incomuns.

b) Because of climatic problems, France may soon face its first wheat shortage.

• Por causa de problemas climáticos, a França pode em breve enfrentar sua primeira escassez de trigo.

c) Water pollution has made the drought in China more damaging than that in France.

• A poluição da água tornou a seca na China mais prejudicial do que na França.

d) The recent rain and flooding in Colombia are the most damaging that the country has ever faced.

• As recentes chuvas e inundações na Colômbia são as mais prejudiciais que o país já enfrentou.

e) In Colombia, five to six months of continuous rain can be considered normal.

• Na Colômbia, cinco a seis meses de chuva contínua podem ser considerados normais.

40 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
In paragraph 2, the phrase “…the underlying science is pretty simple” most likely refers to which of the following?
A Understanding the various details of recent weather-related disasters is harder than many people think it is.
B Essentially, it’s easy to understand that the greater the amount of moisture in the air, the greater the possibility of extreme weather conditions.
C There is a simple and direct correlation between the sharp increase in rain and more serious floods.
D Weather forecasts should be simplified so that more people can understand the causes of climate disasters.
E For many years, climate scientists have been warning the public about the predictably bad effects of global warming.

 👍   Gabarito    B  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• No parágrafo 2, a frase “… a ciência subjacente é muito simples” provavelmente se refere a qual das seguintes opções?

a) Understanding the various details of recent weatherrelated disasters is harder than many people think it is.

• Compreender os vários detalhes de desastres recentes relacionados ao clima é mais difícil do que muitas pessoas pensam.

b) Essentially, it’s easy to understand that the greater the amount of moisture in the air, the greater the possibility of extreme weather conditions.

• Essencialmente, é fácil entender que quanto maior a quantidade de umidade no ar, maior a possibilidade de condições climáticas extremas.

c) There is a simple and direct correlation between the sharp increase in rain and more serious floods.

• Existe uma correlação simples e direta entre o aumento acentuado da chuva e inundações mais graves.

d) Weather forecasts should be simplified so that more people can understand the causes of climate disasters.

• As previsões do tempo devem ser simplificadas para que mais pessoas possam entender as causas dos desastres climáticos.

e) For many years, climate scientists have been warning the public about the predictably bad effects of global warming.

• Por muitos anos, cientistas do clima têm alertado o público sobre os previsivelmente ruins efeitos do aquecimento global.

41 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
According to the information in the article, though global warming is, in general, leading to more extreme weather,
A a few scientists still believe that the main cause of extreme weather has not been discovered.
B it is still impossible to predict accurately how much damage extreme weather will cause in the next few years.
C there is always the possibility that global warming can also bring more equilibrium to the Earth’s climate.
D certain kinds of extreme weather are in fact beneficial.
E it’s impossible to say with complete certainty that any example of extreme weather was the direct result of global warming.

 👍   Gabarito    E  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, embora o aquecimento global esteja, em geral, levando a condições climáticas mais extremas,

a) a few scientists still believe that the main cause of extreme weather has not been discovered.

• alguns cientistas ainda acreditam que a principal causa do clima extremo não foi descoberta.

b) it is still impossible to predict accurately how much damage extreme weather will cause in the next few years.

• ainda é impossível prever com precisão quantos danos as condições climáticas extremas causarão nos próximos anos.

c) there is always the possibility that global warming can also bring more equilibrium to the Earth’s climate.

• sempre existe a possibilidade de que o aquecimento global também pode trazer mais equilíbrio ao clima da Terra.

d) certain kinds of extreme weather are in fact beneficial.

• certos tipos de clima extremo são de fato benéficos.

e) it’s impossible to say with complete certainty that any example of extreme weather was the direct result of global warming.

• é impossível dizer com certeza absoluta que algum exemplo de clima extremo foi resultado direto do aquecimento global.

42 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
As mentioned in paragraph 3, when the cover of Newsweek magazine declared that “’weather panic’ is the ‘new normal,’” it most likely meant that
A extreme-weather conditions are already as bad as they can be.
B people will get used to living with weather-related disasters.
C climate scientists have been proved right about the disastrous effects of global warming.
D nowadays it has become quite common for people to live in fear of the weather.
E weather-related problems are going to become worse and worse.

 👍   Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• Conforme mencionado no parágrafo 3, quando a capa da revista Newsweek declarou que “'o pânico do tempo' é o 'novo normal'”, provavelmente significava que

a) extreme-weather conditions are already as bad as they can be.

• as condições climáticas extremas já estão tão ruins quanto podem ser.

b) people will get used to living with weather-related disasters.

• as pessoas se acostumarão a conviver com desastres relacionados ao clima.

c) climate scientists have been proved right about the disastrous effects of global warming.

• os cientistas do clima provaram estar certos sobre os efeitos desastrosos do aquecimento global.

d) nowadays it has become quite common for people to live in fear of the weather.

• hoje em dia tornou-se bastante comum as pessoas viverem com medo do clima.

e) weather-related problems are going to become worse and worse.

• os problemas relacionados ao clima vão piorar cada vez mais.

43 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
In paragraph 3, “The larger problem,” in the sentence “The larger problem is that this ‘new normal’ won’t last,” most likely refers to which of the following?
A Some climate scientists are in disagreement about which direction extreme weather will take.
B In recent years, violent weather conditions have become normal.
C The risk of violent weather conditions will only become worse in the coming years.
D Unless adequate preparations are made, the world will be devastated by violent weather in the coming years.
E Despite warnings from climate scientists, the world’s governments don’t understand the seriousness of global warming.

 👍   Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• No parágrafo 3, “O problema maior”, na frase “O problema maior é que este‘ novo normal ’não dura”, muito provavelmente se refere a qual dos seguintes?

a) Some climate scientists are in disagreement about which direction extreme weather will take.

• Alguns cientistas do clima discordam sobre a direção que as condições climáticas extremas tomarão.

b) In recent years, violent weather conditions have become normal.

• Nos últimos anos, condições climáticas violentas tornaram-se normais.

c) The risk of violent weather conditions will only become worse in the coming years.

• O risco de condições climáticas violentas só vai piorar nos próximos anos.

d) Unless adequate preparations are made, the world will be devastated by violent weather in the coming years.

• A menos que os preparativos adequados sejam feitos, o mundo será devastado por um clima violento nos próximos anos.

e) Despite warnings from climate scientists, the world’s governments don’t understand the seriousness of global warming.

• Apesar dos avisos de cientistas do clima, os governos mundiais não entendem a gravidade do aquecimento global.

44 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
Which of the following is most likely the specific factor that is making Fatih Birol so worried?
A Last year saw the biggest increase ever in the amount of CO2 entering the atmosphere.
B The worldwide economic slowdown has made it harder than ever to limit CO2 emissions.
C Climate scientists are now suggesting that there is no effective way to cut CO2 emissions and reverse global warming.
D The rise in global temperatures means that weather-related disasters are becoming a greater possibility.
E Current CO2 emissions have created a world-climate scenario that will be impossible to reverse.

 👍   Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• Qual das alternativas a seguir é provavelmente o fator específico que está deixando Fatih Birol tão preocupada?

a) Last year saw the biggest increase ever in the amount of CO2 entering the atmosphere.

• No ano passado, assistiu-se ao maior aumento de sempre na quantidade de CO2 que entra na atmosfera.

b) The worldwide economic slowdown has made it harder than ever to limit CO2 emissions.

• A desaceleração econômica mundial tornou mais difícil do que nunca limitar as emissões de CO2.

c) Climate scientists are now suggesting that there is no effective way to cut CO2 emissions and reverse global warming.

• Cientistas climáticos agora estão sugerindo que não existe uma maneira eficaz de cortar as emissões de CO2 e reverter o aquecimento global.

d) The rise in global temperatures means that weather related disasters are becoming a greater possibility.

• O aumento das temperaturas globais significa que desastres relacionados ao clima estão se tornando uma possibilidade maior.

e) Current CO2 emissions have created a world-climate scenario that will be impossible to reverse.

• As atuais emissões de CO2 criaram um cenário climático mundial que será impossível reverter.

45 – (FGV/SP-2012-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-ADMINISTRAÇÃO)
According to the information in the article, President Obama

A has made extensive progress in reducing global warming.
B has shown a disappointing lack of commitment to solving the global-warming problem.

C has disappointed many people by doing nothing to stop global warming.
D appointed some excellent climate scientists to his administration but didn’t let them work.
E is letting a group of experts decide the government’s global-warming policy.

 👍   Gabarito    E  
TÓPICO - INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

• Segundo informações do artigo, o presidente Obama...

a) has made extensive progress in reducing global warming.

• fez grandes progressos na redução do aquecimento global.

b) has shown a disappointing lack of commitment to solving the global-warming problem.

• demonstrou uma decepcionante falta de compromisso com a solução do problema do aquecimento global.

c) has disappointed many people by doing nothing to stop global warming.

• desapontou muitas pessoas ao não fazer nada para impedir o aquecimento global.

d) appointed some excellent climate scientists to his administration but didn’t let them work.

• nomeou alguns excelentes cientistas do clima para sua administração, mas não os deixou trabalhar.

e) is letting a group of experts decide the government’s global-warming policy.

• está deixando um grupo de especialistas decidir a política de aquecimento global do governo.:  

FGV-2011-EAESP-ADMINISTRAÇÃO-VESTIBULAR-1º SEMESTRE-Fundação Getúlio Vargas & Escola de Administração de Empresas de São Paulo- Prova de INGLÊS com gabarito e Questões Comentadas - https://valdenorenglish.blogspot.com/

Welcome back to another post!

➧NESTE POST: PROVA de INGLÊS da FGV-2011-VESTIBULAR 1º SEMESTRE, aplicada em 24/10/2010.

➧BANCA/ORGANIZADOR:

➧LEITURA de textos de jornais digitais, revistas, websites, é um excelente treino para a prova.

➧PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA:

• 15 Questões(múltiplas escolhas com 05 alternativas cada).

➧TÓPICOS ABORDADOS ao longo da prova:

1-VERBS:

• [ = ]

2-PHRASAL VERBS - USES:

• [ = ]

3-PERFECT TENSE - USES:

• [ = ]

4-MODAL VERBS - USES:

• [ = ]

5-NOUN:

• [ = ]

6-ADJECTIVES:

• [ = ]

7-ADVERBS:

• [ = ]

8-NOUN PHRASES(Adjective+noun):

• [ = ]

9-IDIOMS(Expressões Idiomáticas):

• [ = ]

10-COLLOCATIONS:

• [ = ]

11-TECHNICAL ENGLISH(Business English, Finance English, Legal English and so on):

• [ = ]

12-LINKING WORDS:

• [ = ]

13-GENITIVE CASE:

• [ = ]

14-FALSE COGNATES:

• [ = ]

Vamos à Prova:

• TEXTO 1:

RESTORATION DRAMA

1

The doormen outside the headquarters of Shanghai's Municipal Education Commission have a new colleague these days. On Friday evenings and Saturday mornings they are joined by a young Mandarin-speaking Israeli, who keeps an eye on comings and goings. The ivy-covered compound, built in the 1920s, is also the home of Ohel RacheI, one of Shanghai's last surviving synagogues. This month, for the first time in almost 60 years, it reopened for regular Sabbath services.
2
That Ohel RacheI was reopened, even though Judaism is not one of China's five officially recognised religions, is one of a number of signs that Shanghai may be coming to terms with its past. After the Communist revolution in 1949, much of the city's history was swept under the carpet, and its grand old buildings put to new uses. Some of these buildings had been designated for protection in recent decades, but the heritage signs posted on them typically give little detail about their previous significance.
3
Ohel RacheI was neglected for decades. Even now, the 2,000-strong Jewish community has been promised regular access only until October, when the Shanghai World Expo ends. But Rabbi Shalom Greenberg, who led the campaign for its reopening, says that the city's authorities have indicated unofficially that it will be hard to reverse the decision. He believes that Shanghai’s economic revival has made officials more confident in treating its complex history, and able "to use the past to benefit the future–even if the past was not so much to their liking."
4
Shanghai's small Russian Orthodox community has also, for the first time, received permission to use one of the prewar churches built by White Russians. Shanghai's former British cathedral, the Holy Trinity, has been painstakingly renovated by China's official Protestant church.
5
At the north end of the Bund, Shanghai's famous waterfront, the area around the original British consulate has been renovated. Even the buildings' original names, such as the Baptist Publication Society Building and the former headquarters of Britain's Royal Asiatic Society, have been reinstated. "This is nothing to do with politics," says Zhou Wei, governor of the district which includes the Bund. "This is about history and culture. This area is the root of the development of modern Shanghai." Mr Zhou says that Shanghai is treating the protection of its distinctive history and culture with new seriousness.
6 Around the city, a number of signs detailing long-forgotten street names have been erected. The Shanghai Corporate Pavilion at the World Expo, funded by local state enterprises, commissioned a Pulitzer-prize-winning photographer, Liu Heung Shing, to compile a book of images of Shanghai's history, giving him unprecedented access to the city's archives.
7
Yet this more relaxed attitude towards history does not always beget more vigorous preservation. In some areas of the city, demolition continues. The demand for new infrastructure, or simply property, can be more than enough to trump the appeal of conservation. Parts of the wartime Jewish "ghetto" area in Hongkou district, for instance, were recently knocked down. Parts of the past itself are still off limits too. In Mr Liu's book, a number of historical moments are notably absent, such as the student protests in Shanghai in 1989. Some history is still too hard to face.

The Economist – May 29th–June 4th 2010

👉 Questão  31 
According to the information in the article, Ohel Rachel most likely
A must let Chinese citizens enter its premises as a condition for being allowed to conduct regular Sabbath services.
B recently moved to its new headquarters in a building at Shanghai’s Municipal Education Commission compound.
C is the oldest synagogue in Shanghai.
D is the only Orthodox Jewish synagogue allowed to conduct regular Sabbath services in Shanghai.
E was not used as a place for regular Sabbath services for more than half of its existence.

R E S P O S T A :   E

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, Ohel Rachel provavelmente...

A) must let Chinese citizens enter its premises as a condition for being allowed to conduct regular Sabbath services.

• deve permitir que os cidadãos chineses entrem em suas instalações como condição para poder realizar os serviços regulares de sábado.

B) recently moved to its new headquarters in a building at Shanghai’s Municipal Education Commission compound.

• mudou-se recentemente para sua nova sede em um prédio no complexo da Comissão de Educação Municipal de Xangai.

C) is the oldest synagogue in Shanghai.

• é a sinagoga mais antiga de Xangai.

D) is the only Orthodox Jewish synagogue allowed to conduct regular Sabbath services in Shanghai.

• é a única sinagoga judia ortodoxa com permissão para realizar serviços regulares de sábado em Xangai.

E) was not used as a place for regular Sabbath services for more than half of its existence.

• não foi usado como um local para serviços regulares de sábado por mais da metade de sua existência.

👉 Questão  32 
According to the information in the article, which of the following probably best explains one important aspect of the reopening of Ohel Rachel?
A It may indicate that China’s government is ready to give official recognition to the Jewish religion.
B It will probably lead to a strengthening of diplomatic and commercial relations between China and Israel.
C It could mean that Shanghai is starting to take an honest look at its history.
D It could be a sign that Shanghai is finally willing to recognize the great importance of Judaism in the development of the city.
E It is a sign that China may finally be willing to examine honestly the role of various ethnic and religious groups in its long history.

R E S P O S T A :   C

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, qual das alternativas a seguir provavelmente explica melhor um aspecto importante da reabertura de Ohel Rachel?

A) It may indicate that China’s government is ready to give official recognition to the Jewish religion.

• Isso pode indicar que o governo da China está pronto para dar reconhecimento oficial à religião judaica.

B) It will probably lead to a strengthening of diplomatic and commercial relations between China and Israel.

• Provavelmente levará ao fortalecimento das relações diplomáticas e comerciais entre a China e Israel.

C) It could mean that Shanghai is starting to take an honest look at its history.

• Pode significar que Xangai está começando a olhar honestamente para sua história.

D) It could be a sign that Shanghai is finally willing to recognize the great importance of Judaism in the development of the city.

• Pode ser um sinal de que Xangai finalmente está disposta a reconhecer a grande importância do Judaísmo no desenvolvimento da cidade.

E) It is a sign that China may finally be willing to examine honestly the role of various ethnic and religious groups in its long history.

• É um sinal de que a China pode finalmente estar disposta a examinar honestamente o papel de vários grupos étnicos e religiosos em sua longa história.

👉 Questão  33 
According to the information in the article, though Shanghai is showing interest in protecting its historic buildings, it has
A concentrated most of its efforts on constructions from the Communist era.
B ignored many constructions because of their religious significance.
C done little to help the general public understand why those buildings are important.
D refused to identify systematically which buildings are in fact being protected.
E established vague, secretive criteria for judging the historical significance of certain constructions.

R E S P O S T A :   C

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, embora Xangai esteja demonstrando interesse em proteger seus prédios históricos,

A) concentrated most of its efforts on constructions from the Communist era.

• concentrou a maior parte de seus esforços em construções da era comunista.

B) ignored many constructions because of their religious significance.

• ignorou muitas construções por causa de seu significado religioso.

C) done little to help the general public understand why those buildings are important.

• pouco fez para ajudar o público em geral a entender por que esses edifícios são importantes.

D) refused to identify systematically which buildings are in fact being protected.

• recusou-se a identificar sistematicamente quais edifícios estão de fato sendo protegidos.

E) established vague, secretive criteria for judging the historical significance of certain constructions.

• estabeleceu critérios vagos e secretos para julgar o significado histórico de certas construções.

👉 Questão  34 
In paragraph 3, the phrase “…the city’s authorities have indicated unofficially that it will be hard to reverse the decision” most likely refers to which of the following?
A Shanghai’s government has let it be known informally that Shanghai’s Jewish community will probably be allowed to continue using Ohel Rachel.
B Unfortunately, Ohel Rachel will probably be demolished to make way for a new building.
C An agreement with Shanghai’s government means that Shanghai’s Jewish community will probably have to vacate Ohel Rachel at the end of October.
D It is highly doubtful that Shanghai’s government will change its mind and continue to allow Ohel Rachel to be used for Jewish religious services.
E Shanghai’s government told Rabbi Shalom Greenberg that the city’s Jewish community will be allowed regular access to Ohel Rachel only until the end of the Shanghai World Expo.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• • No parágrafo 3, a frase "... as autoridades da cidade indicaram não oficialmente que será difícil reverter a decisão" provavelmente se refere a qual dos seguintes?

A) Shanghai’s government has let it be known informally that Shanghai’s Jewish community will probably be allowed to continue using Ohel Rachel.

• O governo de Xangai informou informalmente que a comunidade judaica de Xangai provavelmente terá permissão para continuar usando Ohel Rachel.

B) Unfortunately, Ohel Rachel will probably be demolished to make way for a new building.

• Infelizmente, Ohel Rachel provavelmente será demolido para dar lugar a um novo edifício.

C) An agreement with Shanghai’s government means that Shanghai’s Jewish community will probably have to vacate Ohel Rachel at the end of October.

• Um acordo com o governo de Xangai significa que a comunidade judaica de Xangai provavelmente terá que desocupar Ohel Rachel no final de outubro.

D) It is highly doubtful that Shanghai’s government will change its mind and continue to allow Ohel Rachel to be used for Jewish religious services.

• É altamente duvidoso que o governo de Xangai mude de ideia e continue permitindo que Ohel Rachel seja usado para serviços religiosos judaicos.

E) Shanghai’s government told Rabbi Shalom Greenberg that the city’s Jewish community will be allowed regular access to Ohel Rachel only until the end of the Shanghai World Expo.

• O governo de Xangai disse ao Rabino Shalom Greenberg que a comunidade judaica da cidade terá acesso regular a Ohel Rachel apenas até o final da Exposição Mundial de Xangai. 

👉 Questão  35 
In paragraph 5, “This” in the statement “This is nothing to do with politics” most likely refers to the
A Shanghai government’s new religious and cultural tolerance.
B Shanghai government’s greater confidence, which is a consequence of the city’s economic revival.
C Shanghai government’s decision to reopen Ohel Rachel for regular Sabbath services.
D restoration of a section of the north end of Shanghai’s Bund.
E controversy surrounding the renovation of Shanghai’s old British consulate, along with many neighboring buildings.

R E S P O S T A :   D

• No parágrafo 5, "Isso" na declaração "Isso não tem nada a ver com política" provavelmente se refere ao

A) Shanghai government’s new religious and cultural tolerance.

• A nova tolerância religiosa e cultural do governo de Xangai.

B) Shanghai government’s greater confidence, which is a consequence of the city’s economic revival.

• Maior confiança do governo de Xangai, que é uma consequência da recuperação econômica da cidade.

C) Shanghai government’s decision to reopen Ohel Rachel for regular Sabbath services.

• Decisão do governo de Xangai de reabrir Ohel Rachel para os serviços regulares de sábado.

D) restoration of a section of the north end of Shanghai’s Bund.

• restauração de uma seção do extremo norte do Bund de Xangai.

E) controversy surrounding the renovation of Shanghai’s old British consulate, along with many neighboring buildings.

• polêmica em torno da reforma do antigo consulado britânico de Xangai, junto com muitos prédios vizinhos.

👉 Questão  36 
With respect to Shanghai’s history, which of the following is not supported by the information in the article?
A At the moment, Ohel Rachel is one of a small group of Shanghai synagogues that are still in operation.
B After the Communist revolution in 1949, Shanghai was too poor to study and preserve its architectural and religious history.
C After the Communist revolution of 1949, Shanghai deliberately ignored some important aspects of its multi-cultural, multi-religious history.
D One Jewish leader thinks that Shanghai officials find certain aspects of their city’s history disagreeable.
E Religious discrimination in Shanghai was directed not only at the city’s Jewish community, but also at other groups.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• Com relação à história de Xangai, qual das opções a seguir não é confirmada pelas informações do artigo?

A) At the moment, Ohel Rachel is one of a small group of Shanghai synagogues that are still in operation.

• No momento, Ohel Rachel faz parte de um pequeno grupo de sinagogas de Xangai que ainda estão em operação.

B) After the Communist revolution in 1949, Shanghai was too poor to study and preserve its architectural and religious history.

• Após a revolução comunista em 1949, Xangai era muito pobre para estudar e preservar sua história arquitetônica e religiosa.

C) After the Communist revolution of 1949, Shanghai deliberately ignored some important aspects of its multi-cultural, multi-religious history.

• Após a revolução comunista de 1949, Xangai deliberadamente ignorou alguns aspectos importantes de sua história multicultural e religiosa.

D) One Jewish leader thinks that Shanghai officials find certain aspects of their city’s history disagreeable.

• Um líder judeu acha que os oficiais de Xangai consideram certos aspectos da história de sua cidade desagradáveis.

E) Religious discrimination in Shanghai was directed not only at the city’s Jewish community, but also at other groups.

• A discriminação religiosa em Xangai foi dirigida não apenas à comunidade judaica da cidade, mas também a outros grupos.

👉 Questão  37 
According to the information in the article, Liu Heung Shing

A made a book that fails to give a complete picture of Shanghai’s history.
B made an all-inclusive and prize-winning book of historical Shanghai images.
C was commissioned by the Shanghai government to photograph the city’s current, day-to-day reality.
D was the first person ever to enter Shangai´s archives.
E almost abandoned his historical-image project because of Shanghai government interference.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, Liu Heung Shing

A) made a book that fails to give a complete picture of Shanghai’s history.

• fez um livro que falha em dar uma imagem completa da história de Xangai.

B) made an all-inclusive and prize-winning book of historical Shanghai images.

• fez um livro com tudo incluído e premiado com imagens históricas de Xangai.

C) was commissioned by the Shanghai government to photograph the city’s current, day-to-day reality.

• foi encomendado pelo governo de Xangai para fotografar a realidade atual e cotidiana da cidade.

D) was the first person ever to enter Shangai´s archives.

• foi a primeira pessoa a entrar nos arquivos de Xangai.

E) almost abandoned his historical-image project because of Shanghai government interference.

• quase abandonou seu projeto de imagem histórica por causa da interferência do governo de Xangai.

👉 Questão  38 
According to the information in the article, Shanghai’s more liberal, more serious approach to its culture and history
A is supported by the great majority of Shanghai residents.
B has benefited mainly the city’s Jewish community.

C has received a lot of support from the Russian Orthodox Church and the British government.
D still must overcome strong political opposition before it can be implemented.
E has at times been obliged to give way to business and political interests.

R E S P O S T A :   E

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, a abordagem mais liberal e mais séria de Xangai em relação à sua cultura e história

A) is supported by the great majority of Shanghai residents.

• é apoiado pela grande maioria dos residentes de Xangai.

B) has benefited mainly the city’s Jewish community.

• beneficiou principalmente a comunidade judaica da cidade.

C) has received a lot of support from the Russian Orthodox Church and the British government.

• recebeu muito apoio da Igreja Ortodoxa Russa e do governo britânico.

D) still must overcome strong political opposition before it can be implemented.

• ainda deve superar forte oposição política antes que possa ser implementado.

E) has at times been obliged to give way to business and political interests.

• às vezes foi obrigado a ceder a interesses políticos e empresariais.

TEXTO 2

UNCERTAIN SCIENCE
By Stefan Theil

1

Blame economic worries, another freezing winter, or the cascade of scandals emerging from the world's leading climate-research body, the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). But concern over global warming has cooled down dramatically. In über-green Germany, only 42 percent of citizens worry about global warming now, down from 62 percent in 2006. In Britain, just 26 percent believe climate change is man-made, down from 41 percent as recently as November 2009. And Americans rank global warming dead Iast in a list of 21 problems that concern them, according to a January Pew poll.

2
The shift has left many once celebrated climate researchers feeling like the used-car salesmen of the science world. In Britain, one leading scientist told an interviewer he is taking anti-anxiety pills and considered suicide following the leak of thousands of IPCC-related e-mails and documents suggesting that researchers cherry-picked data and suppressed rival studies to play up global warming. In the U.S., another researcher is under investigation for allegedly using exaggerated climate data to obtain public funds. In an open letter published in the May issue of Science magazine, 255 American climate researchers decry "political assaults" on their work by "deniers" and followers of "dogma" and "special interests."
3
This is no dispute between objective scientists and crazed flat-earthers. The lines cut through the profession itself. Very few scientists dispute a link between man-made CO2 and global warming. Where it gets fuzzy is the extent and time frame of the effect. One crucial point of contention is climate "sensitivity" – the mathematical formula that translates changes in CO2 production to changes in temperature. In addition, scientists are not sure how to explain a slowdown in the rise of global temperatures that began about a decade ago.
4
The backlash against climate science is also about the way in which leading scientists allied themselves with politicians and activists to promote their cause. Some of the IPCC's most-quoted data and recommendations were taken straight out of unchecked activist brochures, newspaper articles, and corporate reports – including claims of plummeting crop yields in Africa and the rising costs of warming-related natural disasters, both of which have been refuted by academic studies.

Newsweek – June 7, 2010

👉 Questão  39 
The first sentence of the article most likely mentions “economic worries,” “another freezing winter,” and “the cascade of scandals…” in order to
A explain some of the factors that have made global-warming research so imprecise.
B list some possible reasons for the public’s decreasing preoccupation with global warming.
C expose some potential flaws in the arguments of those who do not consider global warming a serious problem.
D offer an alternative theory about why global warming has become such a serious problem in the last thirty years.
E justify the defensive attitude that many global-warming specialists have adopted in reaction to the growing resistance to their research findings.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• A primeira frase do artigo provavelmente menciona "preocupações econômicas", "outro inverno congelante" e "a cascata de escândalos ..." para

A) explain some of the factors that have made global-warming research so imprecise.

• explicar alguns dos fatores que tornaram as pesquisas sobre o aquecimento global tão imprecisas.

B) list some possible reasons for the public’s decreasing preoccupation with global warming.

• relacionar algumas possíveis razões para a diminuição da preocupação do público com o aquecimento global.

C) expose some potential flaws in the arguments of those who do not consider global warming a serious problem.

• expor algumas falhas potenciais nos argumentos daqueles que não consideram o aquecimento global um problema sério.

D) offer an alternative theory about why global warming has become such a serious problem in the last thirty years.

• oferecer uma teoria alternativa sobre por que o aquecimento global se tornou um problema tão sério nos últimos trinta anos.

E) justify the defensive attitude that many global-warming specialists have adopted in reaction to the growing resistance to their research findings.

• justificar a atitude defensiva que muitos especialistas em aquecimento global têm adotado em reação à crescente resistência aos resultados de suas pesquisas.

👉 Questão  40 
The Pew poll mentioned in paragraph 1 most likely supports which of the following statements?
A The percentage of people in Germany and Britain who are worried about global warming is higher than that in the United States.
B The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is now distrusted by a majority of the people in Germany, Britain, and the United States.
C Among the citizens of industrialized countries, Germans are still the most concerned about global warming.
D Americans believe that at least 20 things are a greater cause for worry than global warming is.
E In comparison with the inhabitants of countries around the world, Americans are probably the least concerned about global warming.

R E S P O S T A :   D

• A pesquisa Pew mencionada no parágrafo 1 provavelmente apóia qual das seguintes afirmações?

A) The percentage of people in Germany and Britain who are worried about global warming is higher than that in the United States.

• A porcentagem de pessoas na Alemanha e na Grã-Bretanha que estão preocupadas com o aquecimento global é maior do que nos Estados Unidos.

B) The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) is now distrusted by a majority of the people in Germany, Britain, and the United States.

• O Painel Intergovernamental sobre Mudanças Climáticas (IPCC) agora é desconfiado pela maioria das pessoas na Alemanha, Grã-Bretanha e Estados Unidos.

C) Among the citizens of industrialized countries, Germans are still the most concerned about global warming.

• Entre os cidadãos dos países industrializados, os alemães ainda são os mais preocupados com o aquecimento global.

D) Americans believe that at least 20 things are a greater cause for worry than global warming is.

• Entre os cidadãos dos países industrializados, os alemães ainda são os mais preocupados com o aquecimento global.

• Os americanos acreditam que pelo menos 20 coisas são um motivo de preocupação maior do que o aquecimento global.

E) In comparison with the inhabitants of countries around the world, Americans are probably the least concerned about global warming.

•  Em comparação com os habitantes de países ao redor do mundo, os americanos são provavelmente os menos preocupados com o aquecimento global.

👉 Questão  41 
The “shift” mentioned in the first sentence of paragraph 2 most likely refers to the
A change in public opinion from a strong preoccupation with global warming to a significantly lesser preoccupation.
B public’s refusal to believe that the global-warming process has slowed down during approximately the last 10 years.
C discovery that several important climate researchers may have manipulated data to make global warming look more serious than it really is.
D humiliation that many members of the scientific community have recently suffered because of their global-warming research.
E public contempt now being directed at many of the world’s most important climate researchers.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• A "mudança" mencionada na primeira frase do parágrafo 2 provavelmente se refere ao

A) change in public opinion from a strong preoccupation with global warming to a significantly lesser preoccupation.

• mudança na opinião pública de uma forte preocupação com o aquecimento global para uma preocupação significativamente menor.

B) public’s refusal to believe that the global-warming process has slowed down during approximately the last 10 years.

• recusa do público em acreditar que o processo de aquecimento global desacelerou durante aproximadamente os últimos 10 anos.

C) discovery that several important climate researchers may have manipulated data to make global warming look more serious than it really is.

• descoberta de que vários pesquisadores importantes do clima podem ter manipulado dados para fazer o aquecimento global parecer mais sério do que realmente é.

D) humiliation that many members of the scientific community have recently suffered because of their global-warming research.

• a humilhação que muitos membros da comunidade científica sofreram recentemente por causa de suas pesquisas sobre o aquecimento global.

E) public contempt now being directed at many of the world’s most important climate researchers.

• desprezo público agora sendo direcionado a muitos dos pesquisadores do clima mais importantes do mundo.

👉 Questão  42 
Which of the following probably best expresses the controversy related to the IPCC?
A IPCC researchers refused to consult other organizations and institutions before publishing their conclusions about the seriousness of global warming.
B IPCC researchers allegedly used unethical methods to make global warming appear more problematic than it may really be.
C A handful of IPCC researchers misappropriated public funds for their own personal use.
D IPCC researchers suppressed global-warming information in order to avoid damaging the reputations of certain large corporations.
E The IPCC convinced the public that global warming was a man-made phenomenon rather than a natural one.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• Qual das alternativas a seguir provavelmente expressa melhor a controvérsia relacionada ao IPCC?

A) IPCC researchers refused to consult other organizations and institutions before publishing their conclusions about the seriousness of global warming.

• Os pesquisadores do IPCC recusaram-se a consultar outras organizações e instituições antes de publicar suas conclusões sobre a gravidade do aquecimento global.

B) IPCC researchers allegedly used unethical methods to make global warming appear more problematic than it may really be.

• Pesquisadores do IPCC supostamente usaram métodos antiéticos para fazer o aquecimento global parecer mais problemático do que realmente pode ser.

C) A handful of IPCC researchers misappropriated public funds for their own personal use.

• Um punhado de pesquisadores do IPCC desviou fundos públicos para seu próprio uso pessoal.

D) IPCC researchers suppressed global-warming information in order to avoid damaging the reputations of certain large corporations.

• Os pesquisadores do IPCC suprimiram informações sobre o aquecimento global para evitar danos à reputação de certas grandes corporações.

E) The IPCC convinced the public that global warming was a man-made phenomenon rather than a natural one.

• O IPCC convenceu o público de que o aquecimento global foi um fenômeno causado pelo homem, e não natural.

👉 Questão  43 
In paragraph 3, the sentence “The lines cut through the profession itself” most likely means approximately the same as which of the following?
A The global-warming controversy essentially puts the scientific community on one side and the public on the other.
B The connection between man-made CO2 and global warming is the only thing on which scientists are in agreement.
C Even members of the scientific community are unable to agree on certain important issues related to global warming.
D Many scientists now refuse to believe that climate “sensitivity” is related to CO2 emissions.
E The global-warming controversy has evenly divided the scientific community, with each side accusing the other of dishonesty and conflict of interest.

R E S P O S T A :   C

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, qual das perguntas a seguir provavelmente NÃO É mais relevante?

A) Just how much of a problem is global warming?

• Qual é o problema do aquecimento global?

B) When can we expect the consequences of global warming to start becoming disastrous?

• Quando podemos esperar que as consequências do aquecimento global comecem a ser desastrosas?

C) How do we calculate accurately the effect that greater or lesser amounts of man-made CO2  will  have on temperature?

• Como calculamos com precisão o efeito que maiores ou menores quantidades de CO2 artificial terão sobre a temperatura?

D) Why has the world warmed at a slower rate for approximately the last 10 years?

• Por que o mundo aqueceu mais lentamente nos últimos 10 anos?

E) Why is African agriculture suddenly producing much less food?

•  Por que a agricultura africana de repente está produzindo muito menos alimentos?

👉 Questão  44 
According to the information in the article, which of the following questions most likely is no longer relevant?
A Just how much of a problem is global warming?
B When can we expect the consequences of global warming to start becoming disastrous?
C How do we calculate accurately the effect that greater or lesser amounts of man-made CO2 will have on temperature?
D Why has the world warmed at a slower rate for approximately the last 10 years?
E Why is African agriculture suddenly producing much less food?

R E S P O S T A :   E

• 

👉 Questão  45 
According to the information in the article, the IPCC
A released thousands of e-mails and documents in an attempt to destroy the arguments of rival scientists.
B made fraudulent claims about the seriousness of global warming in order to receive research money from the governments of several countries.
C sent a letter signed by 255 of its scientists to protest what it considered unfair and unsupported criticisms of its research.
D presented to the public information that had come from non-IPCC sources and that had never been verified.
E worked secretly with certain academic institutions in order to refute some serious criticisms of global warming.

R E S P O S T A :   D

• De acordo com as informações do artigo, o IPCC

A) released thousands of e-mails and documents in an attempt to destroy the arguments of rival scientists.

• divulgou milhares de e-mails e documentos na tentativa de destruir os argumentos de cientistas rivais.

B) made fraudulent claims about the seriousness of global warming in order to receive research money from the governments of several countries.

• fez alegações fraudulentas sobre a gravidade do aquecimento global para receber dinheiro para pesquisa de governos de vários países.

C) sent a letter signed by 255 of its scientists to protest what it considered unfair and unsupported criticisms of its research.

• enviou uma carta assinada por 255 de seus cientistas para protestar contra o que considerou críticas injustas e infundadas de sua pesquisa.

D) presented to the public information that had come from non-IPCC sources and that had never been verified.

• apresentou ao público informações provenientes de fontes não pertencentes ao IPCC e que nunca foram verificadas.

E) worked secretly with certain academic institutions in order to refute some serious criticisms of global warming.

• trabalhou secretamente com certas instituições acadêmicas para refutar algumas críticas sérias ao aquecimento global.: