Royal Navy hands fishing boat to Yemen authorities in
counter-piracy operation
A Marinha Britânica entrega um barco de pesca às autoridades do Iémen, na operação de combate à pirataria
Royal Navy → Marinha Real, Marinha Britânica.
>>[1-3]
An elite team of Royal Marines stormed the fishing vessel on
Friday, seizing it back from a gang of suspected Somali pirates.
Uma equipa de elite de fuzileiros da Marinha Real invadiu o navio de pesca na sexta-feira, recuperando-o de um bando de presumíveis piratas somalis.
- Royal Marines → Fuzileiros Navais da Marinha Real.
- stormed the fishing vessel → invadiu a embarcação de pesca.
- seizing it back → recuperando-o.
- from a gang → de uma gangue.
>>[3-7]
The pirates
are believed to have stolen the fishing vessel in order to use it as a platform
for launching hijack attempts on cargo ships and tankers in the Gulf of Aden.
Acredita-se que os piratas roubaram o navio de pesca para utilizar como plataforma de lançamento de tentativas de sequestro de navios de carga e petroleiros no Golfo de Aden.
- platform for launching hijack attempts → plataforma para lançar, plataforma de lançamento.
- hijack attempts → tentativas de sequestro.
- Cargo ships → Navios Cargueiros.
- Tankers → navios-tanque.
>>[8-11]The return of the fishing vessel – known as a dhow –
is part of the NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) crackdown on piracy in
the seas around Somalia.
A devolução do navio de pesca - conhecido como dhow - faz parte da luta da OTAN contra a pirataria nos mares em torno da Somália.
- NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) - Organização do Tratado do Atlântico Norte.
- crackdown on piracy → repressão à pirataria.
- crackdown → sanção severa (Michaelis Dictionary)
>>[11-14]
Captain Gerry Northwood, who is heading the
counter-piracy operation on board RFA Fort Victoria, said that he was pleased
to return the dhow to her Yemeni owner.
O capitão Gerry Northwood, que está liderando a operação de combate à pirataria a bordo do RFA Fort Victoria, disse que estava satisfeito em devolver o dhow ao seu proprietário iemenita.
- the counter-piracy operation - a operação de combate à pirataria.
>>[14-17]
“This was a good example of Royal Navy
and the Yemeni Navy working together for the common good of the local maritime
community”, he said.
"Este foi um bom exemplo da colaboração entre a Royal Navy e a Marinha do Iémen para o bem comum da comunidade marítima local", afirmou.
>>[18-24]
"It is important that through our cooperation with the Yemeni
Navy, we reassure the local maritime community that we are able to protect
their interests. They are as much the victims of Somali piracy as the larger
international ships navigating through the area".
"É importante que, através da nossa cooperação com a Marinha do Iémen, asseguremos à comunidade marítima local que somos capazes de proteger os seus interesses. Eles são tão vítimas da pirataria somali como os grandes navios internacionais que navegam na zona".
>>[25-27]
The dhow was handed over
to the Yemeni Navy. A spokesman said “Thank you for the dhow and thank you for
everything”.
O dhow foi entregue à marinha iemenita. Obrigado pelo dhow e obrigado por tudo", afirmou um porta-voz.
>>[28-32]
Piracy in the Indian Ocean currently costs the world
economy billions of pounds a year. Merchant vessels are being forced into large
detours around dangerous areas and insurance costs have risen.
A pirataria no Oceano Índico custa atualmente à economia mundial, bilhões de libras por ano. Os navios mercantes estão sendo obrigados a fazer grandes desvios em zonas perigosas e os custos dos seguros aumentaram.
(Adapted from www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/piracy/ Jan 17,2012)
01 – (EFOMM-PS2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) According to TEXT 1, it is correct to say that:
(A) Yemen hasn’t been a victim of Somali piracy.
(B) Somali pirates have been hijacking Yemeni vessels.
(C) International ships are navigating through the area of Somalia to attack Yemeni trawlers.
(D) Royal Navy isn’t able to defend itself from Somali pirates.
(E) Piracy in the Indian Ocean is worthless.
Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
According to TEXT 1, it is correct to say that:
(A) Yemen hasn’t been a victim of Somali piracy.
[ERRO]
[O Iémen não foi uma vítima da pirataria da Somália.]
>> JUSTIFICATIVA:
>> [título do texto]
Royal Navy hands fishing boat to Yemen authorities in counter-piracy operation
A Marinha Britânica entrega um barco de pesca às autoridades do Iémen, na operação de combate à pirataria
>> [1-3]
An elite team of Royal Marines stormed the fishing vessel on Friday, seizing it back from a gang of suspected Somali pirates.
- Uma equipa de elite de fuzileiros da Marinha Real invadiu o navio de pesca na sexta-feira, recuperando-o de um bando de presumíveis piratas somalis.
(B) Somali pirates have been hijacking Yemeni vessels.
[CORRETA]
[Os piratas somalis VEM SEQUESTRANDO navios iemenitas.]
>> JUSTIFICATIVA:
>>[18-24]
"It is important that through our cooperation with the Yemeni Navy, we reassure the local maritime community that we are able to protect their interests. They are as much the victims of Somali piracy as the larger international ships navigating through the area".
"É importante que, através da nossa cooperação com a Marinha do Iémen, asseguremos à comunidade marítima local que somos capazes de proteger os seus interesses. Eles são tão vítimas da pirataria somali como os grandes navios internacionais que navegam na área."
>> VOCABULÁRIO:
- TO HIJACK /ˈhaɪ.dʒæk/ - sequestrar (avião, barco, navio, aeronave, embarcação, etc.) em trânsito. (Michaelis Dictionary)
- TO HIJACK /ˈhaɪ.dʒæk/ - to take control of an aircraft or other vehicle during a journey, especially using violence. (dictionary.cambridge.org)
(C) International ships are navigating through the area of Somalia to attack Yemeni trawlers.
[ERRO]
[navios internacionais estão navegando pela área da Somália para atacar os traineiras iemenitas]
>> JUSTIFICATIVA:
>>[18-24]
Eles são tão vítimas da pirataria somali como os grandes navios internacionais que navegam na zona".
"They are as much the victims of Somali piracy as the larger international ships navigating through the area".
- trawler (noun) - o que pesca com rede de arrasto, traineira. (Michaelis Dictionary)
(D) Royal Navy isn’t able to defend itself from Somali pirates.
[ERRO]
[a Marinha Britânica não é capaz de se defender dos piratas somalis.]
>> JUSTIFICATIVA:
- >>[1-3]
- An elite team of Royal Marines stormed the fishing vessel on Friday, seizing it back from a gang of suspected Somali pirates.
- Uma equipa de elite de fuzileiros da Marinha Real invadiu o navio de pesca na sexta-feira, recuperando-o de um bando de presumíveis piratas somalis.
(E) Piracy in the Indian Ocean is worthless.
[ERRO]
[A pirataria no oceano Índico é de pouco ou nenhum valor.]
>> JUSTIFICATIVA:
>>[28-32]
- Piracy in the Indian Ocean currently costs the world economy billions of pounds a year.
- A pirataria no Oceano Índico custa atualmente à economia mundial, bilhões de libras por ano.
- WORTHLESS - sem valor, desprezível. (Michaelis Dictionary)
- WORTHLESS - valueless, cheap. (www.merriam-webster.com)
02 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) According to TEXT 1, it is correct to say that:- In: ‘An elite team
of Royal Marines stormed the fishing vessel on Friday (…)’
(lines 1-2), the underlined word could be replaced by:
(A) docked
(B) anchored
(C) damaged
(D) assaulted
(E) berthed
Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
According to TEXT 1, it is correct to say that:
In: ‘An elite team of Royal Marines stormed the fishing vessel on Friday (…)’ (lines 1-2), the underlined word could be replaced by:
(A) docked (atracou)
(B) anchored (ancorou)
(C) damaged (danificou)
(D) assaulted (atacou)
(E) berthed (alojou)
>> SENTENÇA:
- ‘An elite team of Royal Marines stormed the fishing vessel on Friday (…)
- Contextualmente, "stormed" e "assaulted" são intercambiáveis.
>> CONHECIMENTOS LINGUÍSTICOS::
O verbo TO STORM pode apresentar 04(quatro) sentidos diferentes. (www.merriam-webster)
- (1) TO STORM sinônimo de "TO RAIN"(chover).
- (2) TO STORM sinônimo de "TO ASSAULT"(assaltar), "TO ATTACK" (atacar), "TO STRIKE"(atacar).
- (3) TO STORM sinônimo de "TO RAGE"(enfurecer-se, enraivecer-se, encolerizar-se.),
- (4) "TO STEAM sinônimo de "TO BOIL"(ferver).
❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO:Seven dead in Genoa shipping accident
Sete mortos em acidente marítimo em Génova
>>[1-4]
Up to eight people are feared dead after a massive
cargo ship rammed into a control tower in the Italian port of Genoa during a
night-time manoeuvre that went wrong.
Teme-se que até oito pessoas tenham morrido depois que um enorme navio de carga colidiu com uma torre de controle no porto italiano de Gênova durante uma manobra noturna que deu errado.
>>[5-7]
The collision sent the 165ft-tall cement
control tower crashing to the ground, with much of its mangled remains tumbling
into the harbour.
A colisão fez com que a torre de controle de cimento de 165 pés de altura caísse no chão, com muitos de seus restos mutilados caindo no porto.
>>[7-9]
Around 14 people were in the glass-topped tower when it was
hit by the ship’s stern as it ploughed into the
dock.
Cerca de 14 pessoas estavam na torre com tampo de vidro quando foi atingida pela popa do navio ao colidir no cais.
>>[10-12]
Some were thrown into the water, while others were trapped under rubble
or in a lift which may have toppled into the sea.
Alguns foram lançados na água, enquanto outros ficaram presos sob os escombros ou em um elevador que pode ter caído dentro do mar.
>>[13-17]
A 50-year-old man was reportedly pulled alive from the
rubble 12 hours after the accident and taken to hospital while seven bodies
were recovered -several by rescue divers from the water, the police said.
Um homem de 50 anos teria sido retirado vivo dos escombros 12 horas após o acidente, e levado ao hospital, enquanto sete corpos eram recuperados – vários por mergulhadores de resgate da água, disse a polícia.
>>[17-18] It is
unclear how many are still missing.
Não está claro quantos ainda estão desaparecidos.
>>[19-23]
The vast red ship, which has a gross tonnage of more
than 40,500, was following the protocol and navigating towards the control
tower when it failed to reverse properly before turning out into the open sea.
O vasto navio vermelho, que tem uma arqueação bruta superior a 40.500, estava seguindo o protocolo e navegando em direção à torre de controle, quando não conseguiu dar ré corretamente antes de sair para o mar aberto.
>>[23-24]
It rammed into the concrete and metal structure.
Ele bateu na estrutura de concreto e metal.
>>[25-27]
As rescue workers and sniffer dogs searched through
the rubble for survivors, the death toll steadily increased.
Enquanto equipes de resgate e cães farejadores procuravam sobreviventes nos escombros, o número de mortos aumentava constantemente.
- rescue workers → equipes de resgate.
- sniffer dogs → cães farejadores.
- the death toll → o número de mortos.
>>[27-29]
Four people were
still missing, with some believed to be trapped in the wrecked internal lift in
the tower.
Quatro pessoas ainda estavam desaparecidas, e acredita-se que algumas estejam presas no elevador interno destruído da torre.
- the wrecked internal lift → o elevador interno destruído.
>>[30-32]
The collision happened during a change of shift,
meaning that there were more people in the tower than normal.
A colisão aconteceu durante uma mudança de turno, o que significa que havia mais pessoas na torre do que o normal.
- a change of shift → uma mudança de turno.
>>[32-34]
The 655ft-long
Jolly Nero cargo ship was leaving Genoa’s port, the biggest and busiest in
north-western Italy.
O cargueiro Jolly Nero, de 655 pés de comprimento, estava saindo do porto de Gênova, o maior e mais movimentado do noroeste da Itália.
>>[35-37]
The vessel has been impounded and investigators have
opened an investigation. The captain has been detained for questioning.
A embarcação foi apreendida e os investigadores abriram uma investigação. O capitão VEM SIDO DETIDO para interrogatório.
(Adapted from www.telegraph.co.uk / May 08, 2013)
03 – (EFOMM-PS2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)
In :
‘(…) around 14 people were in the glasstopped tower when it was hit by the ship’s stern as it ploughed into the dock(...).’ (lines 7-9),
the underlined two-word phrase is closest in meaning to:
(A) ran aground
(B) capsized
(C) struck
(D) drifted
(E) flooded
Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
In : ‘(…) around 14 people were in the glasstopped tower when it was hit by the ship’s stern as it ploughed into the dock(...).’ (lines 7-9), the underlined two-word phrase is closest in meaning to:
(A) ran aground (encalhou)
(B) capsized (virou)
(C) struck (bateu, atingiu)
(D) drifted (desviou)
(E) flooded (inundou)
>> SENTENÇA:
- ‘‘(…) around 14 people were in the glasstopped tower when it was hit by the ship’s stern as it ploughed into the dock(...).’
- Cerca de 14 pessoas estavam na torre com tampo de vidro quando foi atingida pela popa do navio ao colidir no cais.
- Contextualmente, "ploughed into" e "struck" são intercambiáveis.
>> CONHECIMENTOS LINGUÍSTICOS:
- TO PLOUGH INTO (phrasal verb)(colidir com) → If a vehicle ploughs into something or someone, it hits the object or person with great force:
- TO STRIKE (bater) sinônimo de TO HIT(atingir) - to hit something forcefully or violently. (dictionary.cambridge.org)
>> EXPRESSÕES & VOCABULÁRIOS NÁUTICOS:
- a massive cargo ship →
um enorme navio de carga.
- rammed into → colidiu com.
- a control tower → uma torre de controle.
- a night-time manoeuvre → uma manobra noturna.
- crashing
to the ground → caindo no chão.
- tumbling
into the harbour → caindo no porto.
- in
the glass-topped tower → na torre com tampo de vidro.
- the
ship’s stern → a popa (a
traseira) do navio.
04 – (EFOMM-PS2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)The prefix un as in ‘unclear’ (line 17) is used correctly in
all alternatives EXCEPT:
(A) unconscious
(B) uninteresting
(C) unfold
(D) undetermined
(E) unexpensive
Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - PREFIX:
The prefix un as in ‘unclear’ (line 17) is used correctly in all alternatives EXCEPT:
(A) unconscious
- un + conscious → unconscious (inconsciente)
(B) uninteresting
- un + interesting → uninteresting (desinteressante)
(C) unfold
- un + fold → unfold (desdobrar)
(D) undetermined
- un + determined → undetermined (indeterminado)
(E) unexpensive
ERRO DE PREFIXO
- in + expensive → inexpensive (pouco dispendioso,
- [in-] → inexpensive, incorrect, inability, inadequate, incomplete.
>> CONHECIMENTOS LINGUÍSTICOS:
- [un-] é um prefixo com significado de REMOVE, REVERSE or
NOT. [Cambrige Dictionary]
- undo (desfazer), unpack (descompactar), unhappy (infeliz).
- unconscious, uninteresting, unfold, undetermined.
05 – (EFOMM-PS2-014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which statement CAN NOT be inferred from the text?
(A) The vessel was clear of land.
(B) There were casualties in the shipping accident.
(C) Investigators will make inquiries about the
accident.
(D) The ramming incident occurred during duty period.
(E) The tower was smashed by the rear section of the
vessel.
Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
(A) The vessel was clear of land.
[A embarcação NÃO ENCALHOU.]
(B) There were casualties in the shipping accident.
[Houve vítimas no acidente de navegação.]
(C) Investigators will make inquiries about the accident.
[Investigadores irão fazer perguntas sobre o acidente.]
(D) The ramming incident occurred during duty period.
[O incidente de abalroamento ocorreu durante o período de serviço.]
(E) The tower was smashed by the rear section of the vessel.
[A torre foi esmagada pela parte traseira da embarcação.]
06 – (EFOMM-PS2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)
Mark the correct option to complete the sentence.
- My legs are aching now because I ______ since 2
o’clock.
(A) am swimming
(B) swam
(C) swim
(D) have been swimming
(E) would be swimming
Comentários e Gabarito D TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
-SENTENÇA:
§ My legs are aching now because I
________ since 2 o’clock.
§ Minhas pernas estão
doendo agora porque eu estava
nadando desde as 2 horas.
§ REMEMBER:
§ We use the Present Perfect Continuous
for an activity that has recently stopped or just stopped. There is a connection with NOW. - Usamos o Present Perfect Continuous para uma atividade que PAROU RECENTEMENTE
ou ACABOU DE PARAR. Há uma conexão com NOW (agora). [English Grammar -
Murphy]
§ Estrutura do PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
→ HAVE/HAS BEEN + ING FORM (main verb).
§ Contextualmente → have been swimming.
§ My legs are aching now because I have been swimming since 2 o’clock.
§ Minhas pernas estão doendo agora porque eu estava
nadando desde as 2 horas.
07 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Mark the correct option to complete the sentence.
- ‘Her new beach house isn’t ________ finished’.
(A) besides
(B) therefrom
(C) whereas
(D) afterwards
(E) altogether
Comentários e Gabarito E TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
• ALTOGETHER ( = completely, in
total, considering everything) é
um advérbio e significa “POR COMPLETO”, “INTEIRAMENTE”, "EM SUA
TOTALIDADE" ou “NO TOTAL.
•ATENÇÃO: Não confudir com
ALL TOGETHER significa ‘todos juntos’.
• LACUNA:
- Her new
beach house isn’t ________ finished.
- (Sua nova casa de
praia não está ________ terminada.)
- Na lacuna, cabe o
advérbio ALTOGETHER cujo significado faz coesão no contexto,
ISN'T ALTOGETHER FINISHED, ou seja, NÃO ESTÁ COMPLETAMENTE TERMINADA:
- Her new
beach house isn’t altogether finished.
- Sendo assim, a
resposta correta é o advérbio apresentado na opção (E).
• Demais vocábulos nas
opções NÃO cabem semanticamente na sentença.
(A)
besides (ADVÉRBIO → além do mais, além disso)
(B)
therefrom (ADVÉRBIO → de uma coisa que foi mencionado anteriormente)
(C)
whereas (CONJUNCTION → enquanto que)
(D) afterwards (ADVERB
→ depois, mais tarde)
- EXEMPLOS (PARA
SEDIMENTAR VOCABULÁRIO) com o advérbio ALTOGETHER:
-[CAMBRIDGE
DICTIONARY]
The
government ought to abolish the tax altogether. – O
governo deveria abolir o imposto por completo.
• She
wrote less and less often, and eventually she stopped altogether. – Ela
escrevia cada vez com menos frequência e, finalmente, parou completamente.
• I'm
not altogether sure I
want that. – Não tenho certeza se quero isso.
• He's
bad-tempered, selfish, and altogether an unpleasant
man. – Ele é mal-humorado, egoísta e totalmente desagradável.
-[OXFORD
DICTIONARY]
• The
train went slower and slower until it stopped altogether. – O trem
foi cada vez mais devagar até parar completamente.
• I don't altogether agree with you. – Não
concordo totalmente com você.
• It was an altogether different situation. – Era
uma situação completamente diferente.
• You owe me £68 altogether. – Você me deve 68 libras ao
todo.
08 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Mark the correct alternative to complete the sentence.
- Max ______ ill for three weeks. He’s still in hospital.
(A) had been
(B) were
(C) is
(D) was
(E) has been
Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - VERB TENSE :
-SENTENÇA:
§ Max ______ ill for three weeks. He’s
still in hospital.
§ Max está doente
há três semanas. Ele ainda está no hospital..
§ REMEMBER:
§ When we talk about a PERIOD OF TIME that continues from the
past UNTIL NOW, we use the Present
Perfect. [English Grammar - Murphy]
§ Estrutura do PRESENT PERFECT → HAVE/HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE (main verb).
§ Contextualmente → has been.
§ Max has
been ill for three weeks. He’s still in hospital.
09 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the option that completes the text below:
I had a really funny evening yesterday, Mary. I got
talking to this boy in the pub, very nice-looking he was, and I could see he
_________ me. He said he _________ anybody like me before, and he felt I
_________ a very unusual kind of beauty. Oh, yes? I said. Then he asked me if I
_________ a lift home, so I said no, I _________ hungry, so we went out for a
curry.
(A) was fancying / hadn’t ever met / had / wants / was
(B) fancying / have never met / have / want / wasn’t
(C) fancied / had never met / had / wanted / was
(D) fancies / have never met / haven’t / wanted / am
(E) fancied / had never met / hadn’t / wanted / was
Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - VERB TENSE :
10 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct alternative.
By this time next year, my brother ______ his new car.
(A) will be paid off
(B) is paying off
(C) had paid off
(D) has paid off
(E) will have paid off
Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - VERB TENSE (Future Perfect):
SENTENÇA:
§ By this time next year, my brother
______ his new car.
§ Por esta altura no próximo ano, o meu irmão TERÁ PAGO
o seu carro novo.
§ REMEMBER:
§ We use the Future Perfect to say that
something will be ended, completed or achieved BY A PARTICULAR POINT IN THE FUTURE. [Advanced Grammar - Cambridge]
§ (By this time next year, By the time you
get home, By four o’clock, By tomorrow, for three years:) frases indicativas de
→ Future Perfect.
§ Estrutura do FUTURE PERFECT → WILL HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE (main verb).
§ Contextualmente → will have paid off.
§ By this time next year, my brother will have paid off his new car.
11 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct alternative.
- That cargo ship ______________ the harbour.
(A) put into
(B) put forward
(C) put away
(D) put off
(E) put across
Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - PHRASAL VERB:
-SENTENÇA:
§ That cargo ship ______________ the
harbor.
§ Aquele cargueiro aportado no porto.
§ PUT INTO → aportado, dentro do porto.
(A) put into (colocar dentro)
(B) put forward (apresentar)
(C) put away (deixar de lado)
(D) put off (adiar)
(E) put across (passar)
12 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)
All the following statements are grammatically correct
EXCEPT:
(A) Lots of us think it’s time for vacation.
(B) A lot of time is needed to learn a foreign
language.
(C) There is not a lot meat left.
(D) Lots of patience is needed , too.
(E) A lot of my friends want to take a trip abroad.
Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - DETERMINERS / QUANTIFIERS (a lot of, lots of):
§ Quando usamos LOTS / A LOT / PLENTY com um
substantivo, precisamos de OF. [Cambridge
Dictionary]
§ I’ve got lots of plans for today. [Cambridge Dictionary]
§ There’ll be a lot of your friends there. [Cambridge Dictionary]
§ There’s no need to rush. We’ve got plenty of time. [Cambridge Dictionary]
-Todas as afirmações a seguir estão gramaticalmente
corretas, EXCETO:
(A) Lots of us think it’s time for
vacation.
(B) A lot of time is needed to learn a
foreign language.
(C) There is not a lot meat left.
§ INCORRETA porque o certo é A LOT OF MEAT (not: a lot meat )
§ Sentença corregida:
§ There is not a lot of meat left. → Não sobrou muita carne.
(D) Lots of patience is needed , too.
(E) A lot of my friends want to take a
trip abroad.
13 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Mark the correct option to complete the sentence.
- ‘Why aren’t you going to London with your parents?’
- ‘If only I _______ enough time, I’d certainly go with
them’.
(A) was having
(B) will have
(C) would have
(D) had
(E) have
Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - IF-CLAUSE:
REMEMBER:
§ If
I do (simple present) ↔ I’ll + bare infinitive.
§ If
I did (simple past) ↔ I’d + bare infinitive.
§
bare infinitive → é o
infinitivo sem o TO.
§ EXEMPLOS:
§ If
I find a wallet in the street, I’ll take it to the police.
§ If
I found a wallet in the street, I’d take it to the police.
-SENTENÇA:
§ If only I _______ enough time, I’d
certainly go with them.
§ IF CLAUSE → If only I _______ enough
time,
§ MAIN CLAUSE → I’d certainly go with
them.
§ Observe na MAIN CLAUSE a estrutura modal
simples WOULD certainly GO.
§ WOULD
+ BARE INFINITIVE (na Main Clause) indica ↔ SIMPLE
PAST (na IF-CLAUSE).
§ IF-CLAUSE no Simple Past → had.
§ SENTENÇA COMPLETA:
§
If
only I had enough time, I’d
certainly go with them. → Se eu tivesse tempo suficiente, certamente iria com eles.
14 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct alternative.
- We weren’t sure ______________ or just walk in.
(A) should knock
(B) to knock
(C) whether to knock
(D) whether knock
(E) whether knocking
Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - WHETHER…OR:
-REMEMBER:
§
Usamos WHETHER…OR para introduzir uma SENTENÇA
dando duas opções ou alternativas.
§ We’re
not sure whether to stay here for
dinner or go somewhere else.
[Cambridge Dictionary]
§ We’re
not sure whether we’ll stay here for
dinner or go somewhere else.
[Cambridge Dictionary]
-SENTENÇA:
§ We weren’t sure ________ or just walk
in.
§
Não tínhamos certeza
entre bater à porta ou apenas entrar.
§
Na lacuna cabe a
estrutura WHETHER + to-infinitive OR. (As duas orações têm o mesmo
sujeito, e o WHETER é seguido de verbo.)
§
SENTENÇA COMPLETA:
§ We weren’t sure whether to knock or just walk in.
15 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) In which sentence below can you leave out the relative pronoun?
(A) Last week I met some people who were born in the
USA.
(B) The film which we saw yesterday was very interesting.
(C) That’s the restaurant where Carol works.
(D) My sister, who is 31 years old, got married in
July.
(E) I didn’t get what I wanted for my birthday.
Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - RELATIVE PRONOUN:
-REMEMBER:
§
Um pronome relativo pode
ser deixado de fora (can be left out)
quando não for sujeito (subject) da relative clause.
§
DICA 1: Quando
o pronome relativo for seguido por um verbo, ele exerce função de
sujeito e neste CAN NOT BE LEFT OUT (NÃO PODE SER DEIXADO DE FORA).
§
This is the boy who was at the party yesterday. (WHO não pode ser
omitido porque funciona como sujeito da 2ª oração)
§
This is the boy who I met at the party yesterday. (WHO pode ser omitido
por que não funciona como sujeito da 2ª oração, neste caso WHO é objeto do
verbo ‘met’)
§
DICA 2:
§
WHAT será pronome relativo quando tiver o mesmo sentido da frase THE THING(S) THAT e neste caso não pode
ser omitido.
§ I
haven’t got many Beatles CDs, but you can borrow what I have. [Cambridge Dictionary]
§
DICA 3:
§
WHERE será pronome relativo quando tiver o mesmo sentido da frase IN WHICH e neste caso não pode ser
omitido.
§ The
hotel where we spent our honeymoon
has been demolished. [Cambridge Dictionary]
§ The
hall where you’re giving your talk
has a really good sound system. [Cambridge Dictionary]
In which sentence below can you leave
out the relative pronoun?
Em qual frase abaixo você pode DEIXAR DE FORA (OMITIR,
RETIRAR) o pronome relativo?
(A) Last week I met some people who were
born in the USA. (WHO não pode ser omitido, porque é
sujeito do verbo “were”)
(B) The film which we saw yesterday was
very interesting. (WHO pode ser omitido, porque é objeto
do verbo ‘saw’)
(C) That’s the restaurant where Carol
works. (WHERE não pode ser omitido)
(D) My sister, who is 31 years old, got
married in July. (WHO não pode ser omitido, porque é
sujeito do verbo “is”)
(E) I didn’t get what I wanted for my
birthday. (WHAT não pode ser omitido)
16 – (EFOMM-PS2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct option.
- I’m going to have the car _______ tomorrow morning.
(A) repaired
(B) repairs
(C) repair
(D) repairing
(E) is repairing
Comentários e Gabarito A TÓPICO - CAUSATIVE FORM:
- REMEMBER: Causative Verbs são os verbos que indicam a ação
de alguém, que não você, mas em prol de você mesmo.
- Dependendo
do contexto, as estruturas CAUSATIVE
FORM, podem ser →
HAVE something PARTICIPLE PAST (main verb) ou GET
something PARTICIPLE PAST (main verb).
§ I had
my hair cut. [Cambridge Dictionary]
§ We’re having the house painted next week. [Cambridge Dictionary]
-SENTENÇA:
§ I’m going to have the car _______
tomorrow morning.
§ Na sentença, cabe a causative form “HAVE
something PARTICIPLE PAST” → HAVE THE CAR REPAIRED.
§ I’m going to have the car repaired tomorrow morning.
§ Vou consertar o carro amanhã de manhã.
17 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)
‘Navigation , derived ________ the Latin words “navis”
(meaning “ship”) and “agere” (meaning “to drive”) is the process of accurately
determining the position and controlling of a craft or vehicle _________ a
desired course. This is accomplished ______ finding the navigator’s position
compared ________ known locations or patterns (…)’. (MarineLink.com – Maritime
Reporter and MarineNews magazines online)
The blanks of this excerpt can be adequately filled
by:
(A) from – towards – by – with
(B) from – along – on – with
(C) of – along - on – to
(D) of – towards- by – to
(E) from – along – by – to
Comentários e Gabarito E TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
18 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct alternative.
- This is not installed correctly. They ________ my
instructions.
(A) must misunderstand
(B) must have misunderstood
(C) should have misunderstood
(D) should misunderstand
(E) may understand
Comentários e Gabarito B TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
-Questão sobre PAST
MODALS OF DEDUCTION (MODAL VERB + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE):
-REMEMBER:
§ To draw a conclusion about something
that happened in the past, we use:
§ MODAL
VERB + HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE.
§ DICA
RÁPIDA →
MODAL VERB + HAVE + PARTICÍPIO.
§ // I must have left the window open. That's how the cat got in.
(Devo
ter deixado a janela aberta. Foi assim que o gato entrou.)
§ // Where's my phone? Humm…I could have left it in my office.
§ (Onde está meu telefone? Humm... eu poderia ter
deixado no meu escritório.)
§ // He can't have left the office yet. It's only 4 o'clock. He must be in
a meeting.
(Ele
ainda não pode ter saído do escritório. São apenas 4 horas. Ele deve estar em
uma reunião.)
-SENTENÇA:
§ This is not installed correctly. They
________ my instructions.
§ Não está instalado corretamente. Eles devem ter entendido mal minhas
instruções.
§ Para falar sobre deduções no passado (MUST HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE) → must
have misunderstood.
§ Sentença completa:
§ This is not installed correctly. They must have misunderstood my
instructions.
19 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)
There are two options for the sentences below, choose
the ONLY one that both options are possible.
(A) The doctors (advised / persuaded) that I should
rest for 3 months.
(B) The police (assured / promised) local residents
that everything possible was being done to catch the car thieves.
(C) A spokesperson for the company (reminded / warned)
that there may be delays on the railways this summer due to major engineering
work.
(D) Russian scientists (have shown / have convinced)
that honey can prevent the growth of bacteria.
(E) Jack (told / promised) that he would be home
before midnight.
Comentários e Gabarito C TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO: 20 – (EFOMM-PS-2014-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)
‘Diplomatics,
from ______ Greek diploma (folded), is ____ study of legal and administrative
documents of all kinds. Most attention has been paid to ______ public documents
of monarchs, emperors, and popes, which are usually classified separately
from_____ many varieties of private documents that exist.’
(CRYSTAL, David (2010). The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Language.
Cambridge University Press).
The blanks of this excerpt can be adequately filled
by:
(A) the – the – X – the.
(B) the – a – the – X
(C) a – a – the – the
(D) the – the – the –the
(E) a – a – X – X
Comentários e Gabarito D TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:
-Questão sobre THE / A / AN:
- REMEMBER:
§ DICA 1:
§ Usamos o artigo THE em ESTRUTURAS ESPECIFICADORAS do tipo → THE NOUN OF ou THE NOUN
PHRASE OF.
§ // The life of a soldier is full of
danger. [Cambridge Dictionary]
§ // He wrote a
book on the history of boxing.
[Cambridge Dictionary]
§ // I’ll see
you on the twenty fourth of May.
[Cambridge Dictionary]
§ DICA 2:
§ Usamos o artigo THE em ESTRUTURA ESPECIFICADORA QUE
DENOTAM ORIGEM → FROM THE.
§ We get our
vegetables from the farm shop.
They’re really fresh. [Cambridge Dictionary]
-TRECHO:
§ ‘Diplomatics, from ______ Greek diploma
(folded), is ____ study of legal and administrative documents of all kinds.
Most attention has been paid to ______ public documents of monarchs, emperors,
and popes, which are usually classified separately from_____ many varieties of
private documents that exist.’
-1ª LACUNA: Diplomatics, from ______ Greek diploma
(folded),
§ Na lacuna cabe o artigo THE parte integrante da estrutura especificadora
FROM THE greek diploma.
-2ª LACUNA: is ____ study of legal and administrative
documents of all kinds.
§ Na lacuna cabe o artigo THE parte integrante da estrutura especificadora
THE NOUN OF, ou seja, THE study of
legal and administrative documents.
-3ª LACUNA: Most attention has been paid to ______
public documents of monarchs, emperors, and popes
§ Na lacuna cabe o artigo THE parte integrante da estrutura especificadora
THE NOUN PHRASE OF, ou seja, THE public documents of
monarchs, emperors, and popes,
-4ª LACUNA: which are usually classified separately
from_____ many varieties of private documents that exist.
§ Na lacuna
cabe o artigo THE parte integrante da estrutura especificadora THE NOUN PHRASE OF, ou seja, from
THE many varieties of private
documents that exist.
