AFA – 2012 – CFOAV/CFOINT/CFOINF – LÍNGUA INGLESA – CURSO DE FORMAÇÃO DE OFICIAIS (Aviador/Infantaria/Intendente) – ACADEMIA DA FORÇA AÉREA – PROVA COM GABARITO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: AFA-2012-CFOAV/CFOINT/CFOINF-21/08/2011.

www.fab.mil.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 20 Multiple Choice Questions / 4 Options Each Question.

❑ GABARITO:

01-D,  02-C,  03-C,  04-A

05-D,  06-B,  07-C,  08-A

09-C,  10-B,  11-C,  12-D

13-C,  14-A,  15-B,  16-B

17-B,  18-B,  19-A,  20-D

❑ PROVA:

❑ TEXT I: Directions: Read the text and answer questions 21 to 23.

Twilight

Twilight is a 2008 American romantic vampire film based _____ Stephenie Meyer's popular novel of the same name. It is the first film in The Twilight Saga film series. This film focuses on the development of the relationship between Bella Swan and Edward Cullen (a vampire), and the subsequent efforts of Cullen and his family to keep Swan safe ____ a coven of evil vampires.
         
The project was in development for approximately 3 years _____ Paramount Pictures, during which time a screen adaptation that differed significantly from the novel was written. Principal photography took 44 days and the film was primarily shot in Oregon.
          
Twilight was theatrically released _____ November 21 2010, grossing over US$392 million WORLDWIDE and became the most purchased DVD of the year. The soundtrack was released in the same year. Following the success of the film, New Moon and Eclipse, the next two novels in the series, were produced as films the following year.

Adapted from Wikipedia

01 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

Choose the correct prepositions to fill in the gaps above.

(A) of – off – at – in
(B) about – to – over – at
(C) under – for – off – in
(D) on – from – at – on

- A questão 20 é sobre phrasal verb, verbo usualmente na voz passiva, expressões semanticamente equivalentes, procedimentos de coesão e coerência,  conhecimento lexical.

- EXPLANATION:

- to base on is a Phrasal verb transitive usually passive.(MACMILLAN DICTIONARY)

• Prices are based on two people sharing a room.(MACMILLAN DICTIONARY)

(Os preços são baseados em duas pessoas compartilhando um quarto.)

• The prosecution’s case is based largely on evidence from ex-members of the gang.(MACMILLAN DICTIONARY)

(O caso da promotoria está amplamente baseado em evidências de ex-membros da gangue.)

• Green politics are based on the belief that the resources of the planet are finite.

(A política verde está baseada na crença de que os recursos do planeta são finitos.)

- Note que, "ON" é parte integrante do phrasal verbal base on, usualmente na voz passiva (be based on).

- Se o candidato está munido de informações GRAMATICAIS e SEMÂNTICAS PRECISAS, ele resolverá de imediato a questão, marcando o gabarito (D).

- [...] "Twilight is a 2008 American romantic vampire film based on Stephenie Meyer's popular novel".

(Twilight é um filme de vampiro romântico americano de 2008 baseado no romance popular de Stephenie Meyer.)

- Veja demais lacunas preenchidas corretamente:

- and his family to keep Swan safe from a coven of evil vampires.

- The project was in development for approximately 3 years at Paramount Pictures,

- Twilight was theatrically released on November 21 2010,

- Notas importantes:

1) "FROM" é parte integrante da expressão "to keep someone/something safe from something bad"

• to keep someone or something safe from harm, injury, damage, or loss.(MACMILLAN DICTIONARY)

(manter alguém ou algo protegido de danos, ferimentos, prejuízos ou perdas)

2) A preposição de lugar "AT" refere-se  a um LUGAR ESPECÍFICO (at Paramount Pictures):
principalmente em Oregon.)
3) A preposição "ON" refere-se  a uma DATA(on November 21 2010).

02 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

The text DOESN'T mention that

(A) the movie changed a lot from its initial storyline.
(B) all the trilogy was established on stories with similar names.
(C) New Moon and Eclipse also became the most purchased DVDs in 2010.
(D) the principal character, Cullen, tried to maintain the girl away from others of his species.

- A questão 21 é sobre expressões semanticamente equivalentes, procedimentos de coesão e coerência,  conhecimento lexical.

- EXPLANATION:

1) No 2º parágrafo:  a screen adaptation that differed significantly from the novel was written.

- Na alternativa (A): the movie changed a lot from its initial storyline.

- 'changed a lot from'  e 'that differed significantly from' são expressões semanticamente equivalentes.

2) Trechos do texto:  "[...] Twilight is a 2008 American romantic vampire film based on Stephenie Meyer's popular novel of the same name. It is the first film in The Twilight Saga film series." e "[...] Twilight was theatrically released on November 21 2010, grossing over US$392 million worldwide and became the most purchased DVD of the year. The soundtrack was released in the same year. Following the success of the film, New Moon and Eclipse, the next two novels in the series, were produced as films the following year."

- Na alternativa (B): all the trilogy was established on stories with similar names.

- 'Twilight'(Crepúsculo),  'New Moon'(Lua Nova) e "Eclipse" são nomes similares.

3) Trecho do texto: "[...] Twilight was theatrically released on November 21 2010, grossing over US$392 million worldwide and became the most purchased DVD of the year."

- Na alternativa (C): New Moon and Eclipse also became the most purchased DVDs in 2010.

- O texto menciona Twilight (e não New Moon e Eclipse).

4) Trecho do texto: "[...] This film focuses on the development of the relationship between Bella Swan and Edward Cullen (a vampire), and the subsequent efforts of Cullen and his family to keep Swan safe from a coven of evil vampires."

- Na alternativa (D): the principal character, Cullen, tried to maintain the girl away from others of his species.

- 'o keep Swan safe from a coven of evil vampires'  e 'to maintain the girl away from others of his species' são expressões semanticamente equivalentes, pois Curem também é um vampiro.

03 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

Considering the boldfaced adverb in the text, mark the sentence in which the underlined word has the function of an adverb.

(A) Laura seems to be such a lovely person!
(B) I won't stay long, I promise.
(C) Chess isn't a very fast game.
(D) Baseball is a hard game to understand.

- A questão 21 é sobre advérbios, adjetivos, conhecimento lexical.

- ADVERB is a word belonging to one of the major form classes in any of numerous languages, typically serving as a modifier of a verb, an adjective, another adverb, a preposition, a phrase, a clause, or a sentence, expressing some relation of manner or quality, place, time, degree, number, cause, opposition, affirmation, or denial, and in English also serving to connect and to express comment on clause content. In "arrived early" the word "early" is an adverb.(MERRIAM-WEBSTER DICTIONARY)

- ADJECTIVES are one of the four major word classes, along with nouns, verbs and adverbs. Examples of adjectives are: big, small, blue, old, rich and nice. They give us more information about people, animals or things represented by nouns and pronouns.(CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY)

- ADVERB funciona como um modificador de um verbo, um adjetivo, outro advérbio, uma preposição, uma phrase, uma oração ou uma sentença,

- ADJECTIVES nos fornecem mais informações sobre pessoas, animais ou coisas representadas por substantivos e pronomes.

- EXPLANATION:

1) "Laura seems to be such a lovely person!"

• Laura parece ser uma pessoa tão adorável! 

• [lovely] = qualifica o substantivo 'person', dando a informação que é uma pessoa adorável/amável, 'a lovely person'.

• [lovely] = adjective

2) I won't stay long, I promise.

• Não vou demorar, prometo.

• [long] = duration adverb(advérbio de duração)

• WARNING 1: We use LONG as an adverb in questions and negative clauses to talk about duration.(CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY)

• EXAMPLES:

• Don’t be long!(adverb)

- Não demore!

• Marco didn’t stay long at the party. (adverb)

- Marco não demorou muito na festa.

• How long has Valerie been staying with you?

- Há quanto tempo Valerie está morando com você?

• WARNING 2: We don’t use LONG on its own in affirmative clauses. We often use (for) a long time.(CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY)

• EXAMPLES:

• We waited long in the rain for the bus.(uso incorreto em oração afirmativa)

• We waited for a long time in the rain for the bus.(uso correto em oração afirmativa)

• They took long getting here.(uso incorreto em oração afirmativa)

• They took a long time getting here.(uso correto em oração afirmativa)

• WARNING 3: We can use long in affirmative clauses with too, enough and so.(CAMBRIDGE DICTIONARY)

• EXAMPLES:

• A month is too long to wait for an appointment.

- Um mês é muito tempo para esperar por uma consulta.

• We’ve waited long enough for a reply. I think we need to phone them.

- Já esperamos tempo suficiente por uma resposta. Acho que precisamos ligar para eles.

• You took so long. What were you doing?

- Você demorou tanto. O que você estava fazendo?

➦LONG(por longo tempo)(advérbio) ➜ modifica o verbo STAY:

"I won't stay long, I promise."
(Eu não ficarei por muito tempo, eu prometo!)
➦FAST(rápido)(adjetivo) ➜ modifica o substantivo GAME:
"Chess isn't a very fast game."
(O xadrez não é um jogo muito rápido!)
➦HARD(duro=difícil)(adjetivo) ➜ modifica o substantivo GAME:
"Baseball is a hard game to understand."
(O beisebol é um jogo difícil de entender.)

➧ TEXT II: Directions:Read the lyrics and answer questions 04 to 06.

(...)

Leave Out All The Rest (Linking Park)

Soundtrack of Twilight 

I dreamed I was missing
You were so scared
But no one would listen
'Cause no one else cared

After my dreaming
I woke with this fear
What am I leaving
When I'm done here
[...]

(Chorus)
When my time comes
Forget the wrong that I’ve done
Help me leave behind some
Reasons to be missed
[...]

Don't be afraid
I've taken my beating
I've shared what I made
[...]

Pretending
Someone else can come and save me from myself
I can't be who you are

(...)

04 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

Read the chorus of the song and choose the correct alternative.

The singer _____  _____ the wrong _____.

a) asked / to forget / he'd done
b) said / forget / I did
c) advised / forgetting / I've done
d) told / not to forget / they've done

TÓPICO - REPORTED SPEECH(discurso indireto):
Leia o refrão da música e escolha a alternativa correta.
The singer _____  _____ the wrong _____.
(O cantor _____ _____ o errado _____.)
*Alternativa (A): The singer asked to forget the wrong he'd done."

(O cantor pediu para esquecer o erro que ele tinha cometido.)
*Alternativa (B): "The singer said forget the wrong I did."

(O cantor disse que esqueça o erro que fiz.)

➦No contexto, o cantor "asked"(pediu)(uso de help) e não apenas "said".
*Alternativa (C): The singer advised forgetting the wrong I've done.(O cantor aconselhou esquecer o erro que eu fiz.)

➦No contexto, o cantor "asked"(pediu)(uso de help) e não "advised forgetting"(aconselhou esquecer).

➦Há também erro de conjugação "I've done" em vez de "He'd done".
*Alternativa (D): The singer told not to forget the wrong they've done.

➦No contexto, o cantor "asked"(pediu)(uso de help) e não "told not to forget"(disse para não esquecer).

➦Há também erro de conjugação "they've done" em vez de "He'd done".)

➦ REFRÃO(Chorus):
"[...] When my time comes, Forget the wrong that I've done, Help me leave behind some, Reasons to be missed"
(Quando minha hora chegar, Esqueça o errado que eu fiz, Me ajude a deixar para trás alguns, Razões a serem perdidas)
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL no refrão ➜ o cantor fez UM PEDIDO (uso do HELP) para que alguém o AJUDE a esquecer o que ele tinha feito de errado.

05 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

The line

"I've shared what I made" is the answer to one question.

Mark it.

(A) What did I share to make?
(B) Who made what I shared?
(C) How have I shared what I made?
(D) Who's shared what I made?

06 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

Observe the reflexive pronoun in italics (myself) and then read the sentences below.

(...)

I. Just help yourself, won't you?

II. I hope the children behave themselves.

III. The chef himself welcomes the customers to the restaurant.

(...)

Considering the letters A (reflexive), B (emphatic) and C (idiomatic), match the sentences to the letters and choose the correct alternative.

a) I (A) / II (A) / III (C)
c) I (B) / II (A) / III (B)
b) I (C) / II (C) / III (B)
d) I (A) / II (B) / III (A)

TÓPICO - USO DE PRONOME:

*Sentença (I): ideia do pronome ➝ emphatic(enfática):

Just help yourself, won't you?

(Apenas sirva-se, não é?)
*Sentença (II): ideia do pronome ➝ reflexive(reflexiva):

I hope the children behave themselves.

(Espero que as crianças se comportem bem.)
*Sentença (III): ideia do pronome ➝ idiomatic=colloquial(idiomática, coloquial):

The chef himself welcomes the customers to the restaurant.

(O próprio chef dá as boas-vindas aos clientes no restaurante.)

➧ TEXT III e IV: Read the texts below in order to answer questions 07 to 09 according to them.

(...)

Titanic – The Movie

Storyline 

In this fiction movie, 84 years later, a 100-year-old woman named Rose DeWitt Bukater tells the story to her granddaughter Lizzy Calvert and others about her life set on April 10th 1912, on a ship called Titanic when young Rose boards the departing ship with the upper-class passengers, her mother Ruth DeWitt Bukater, and her fiancé. Meanwhile, a drifter and artist named Jack Dawson and his best friend Fabrizio De Rossi win third-class tickets to the ship in a game. She explains the whole story from departure until the death of Titanic on its first and last voyage April 15th, 1912 at 2:20 in the morning.

Adapted from http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0120338/

(...)

"My Heart Will Go On" is the love theme of the 1997 blockbuster film Titanic. It was recorded by Celine Dion.  Originally released in 1997, it went to number 1 all over the world. It became Dion's biggest hit, and one of the best selling of all time, and was the world's best-selling single of 1998.

Adapted from Wikipedia

(...)

My Heart Will Go On (Celine Dion)

Soundtrack of Titanic

Every night in my dreams
I see you, I feel you,
That is how I know you go on

Far across the distance
And spaces between us
You have come to show you go on

Near, far, wherever you are
I believe that the heart does go on
Once more you open the door
And you're here in my heart
And my heart will go on and on

(...)

http://www.stlyrics.com/lyrics/titanic/myheartwillgoon

07 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

After reading both Titanic storyline and soundtrack,

we can conclude that

(A) Rose and Jack promised each other to be together.
(B) the couple was sure their love wouldn’t last forever.
(C) Rose and Jack boarded the same ship.
(D) Rose knew their dreams would come true.

08 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

Rose DeWitt Bukater is the

(A) narrator.
(B) protagonist of the real Titanic tragedy.
(C) actress that starred this blockbuster.
(D) inspiration for Celine Dion theme song.

09 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

In the 2nd verse of the last strophe the word "does"

(A) is only used as an auxiliary verb of a present tense.
(B) reinforces the word before it.
(C) emphasizes the verb after it.
(D) has the same meaning as the verb ‘to make’.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

*Alternativa (A): is only used as an auxiliary verb of a present tense. 
*Alternativa (B): reinforces the word before it.
*Alternativa (C): emphasizes the verb after it.
*Alternativa (D): has the same meaning as the verb ‘to make’.

❑ TEXTO: Observe the cartoon and answer the question about it.

10 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

The first boy

(A) has never intended to be a Rolling Stone.
(B) has never been a Rolling Stone, but wanted it had happened.
(C) has already been a Rolling Stone.
(D) hasn't wished to be a Rolling Stone yet.

 👍  Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - Uso do "WISH" quando queremos expressar arrependimento de algo que aconteceu no passado e não podemos mudar: WISH +  Past Perfect (had + particípio passado :

O primeiro garoto...

(A) has never intended to be a Rolling Stone. – nunca pretendeu ser uma Rolling Stone.
(B) has never been a Rolling Stone, but wanted it had happened. – nunca foi um Rolling Stone, mas queria que tivesse acontecido.
(C) has already been a Rolling Stone. – já foi um Rolling Stone.
(D) hasn't wished to be a Rolling Stone yet. – não quis ser uma Rolling Stone.

❑ TRADUÇÃO DO CARTOON:
➭ 1ª GAROTO: Freedom! - I wish I had been a Rolling Stone.
(Liberdade! - Eu gostaria de ter sido um Rolling Stone)
➭ 2ª GAROTO: Which one - The one with big lips or the drummer? (Qual deles - Aquele com grandes lábios ou o baterista?)

➧ TEXT V: Read the text and answer questions 11 to 15.

(...)

How to Become a Stunt Double

A stunt double stands in for the actor when the action or fight scene gets dangerous or goes beyond the capabilities of the actor. To become a stunt double, you must be in excellent physical condition and have special skills.

Instructions
1. Exercise regularly if you want to become a stunt double. Eat nutritiously for optimal health and strength.

2. Take lots of lessons because the more skills you have, the better. Gymnastics is extremely important in becoming a stunt double. Get good at trampoline, skateboarding, swimming and high board diving. Take scuba diving lessons. Practice rock climbing and horseback riding. Learn to water ski and snow ski.

3. Enroll in martial arts classes, especially judo. Judo is excellent for learning how to break falls.
 4. Get training in CPR(1) and First Aid. This training looks good on a résumé, especially for stunt double careers. Injuries happen.

5. Have valid driver's licenses for both car and motorcycle. Take advanced driving classes so you'll be qualified for difficult driving scenes.

6. Move to Hollywood and plan to work your way up from the bottom. You must get into the Screen Actors Guild(2) and have a union card(3). 

Taken from Google

(1) Cardiopulmonary resuscitation.
(2) Annual prize promoted by the American Syndicate of Actors.
(3) A card certifying membership in an organization.

11 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

After reading this text, we can deduce that it

(A) requests new stunt doubles.
(B) briefs about what people should do to start any career.
(C) recommends ways to deal with wounds and provides tips to be healthy to be a double.
(D) questions the problems stunt doubles usually have to face.

12 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

After reading the first item of the instructions, mark the option that completes the gap in the converted sentence below.

"If you want to become a stunt double you _____ exercise regularly."

(A) had to
(B) might
(C) could
(D) must

TÓPICO - MODAL VERB(Must - ideia de necessidade, dever):

*Alternativa (A): had to(ideia de possibilidade no passado)
*Alternativa (B): might(ideia de possibilidade no futuro)
*Alternativa (C): could(ideia de passado)
*Alternativa (D): must(ideia necessidade)

➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL de NECESSIDADE ➝ must.

"If you want to become a stunt double you must exercise regularly."

(Se você quer se tornar um dublê, você precisa se exercitar regularmente.)

13 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

One of the instructions below IS NOT stated in the text. Choose it.

In order to become a stunt double you

(A) must have specific qualification for driving.
(B) have to consume the necessary substances for your health.
(C) need to be a black belt in martial arts.
(D) have to show up in some  specific surroundings.

14 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

Look at the bold comparative form (item 2).

Choose the option that contains a similar construction.

(A) The earlier we get there, the more likely we are to get good seats.
(B) More and more people travel to England.
(C) The smoothest Channel crossing you’ll ever have! Why not fly to France with British Airways? It’ll be the best decision you’ve ever made.
(D) Our new jets are now far more luxurious.

TÓPICO - ADJETIVO - FORMA COMPARATIVA PARALELO :

*Alternativa (A):The earlier we get there, the more likely we are to get good seats.(Quanto mais cedo chegarmos lá, maior será a probabilidade de conseguirmos bons lugares.)

*Alternativa (B): More and more people travel to England.

(Mais e mais pessoas viajam para a Inglaterra.)

➦ More and more ➝ FORMA COMPARATIVA GRADUAL.

*Alternativa (C): The smoothest Channel crossing you’ll ever have! Why not fly to France with British Airways? It’ll be the best decision you’ve ever made.(A travessia de canal mais suave que você já teve! Por que não voar para a França com a British Airways? Será a melhor decisão que você já tomou.)

➦ The smoothest ➝ FORMA SUPERLATIVA.
*Alternativa (D): Our new jets are now far more luxurious.(Nossos novos jatos são agora muito mais luxuosos.)

➦ more luxurious ➝ FORMA COMPARATIVA COMUM.

➦Na sentença dada, a forma comparativa contextual é COMPARATIVA PARALELA:

"[...] Take lots of lessons because the more skills you have, the better."

(Faça muitas aulas, porque quanto mais habilidades você tiver, melhor.)

15 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

In the article, the author DOES NOT

(A) advise future doubles to train in First Aid to face possible injuries.
(B) recommend to eat junky food.
(C) instruct and give tips for developing a lot of different abilities.
(D) mention that people should be qualified to join the career.

➧ TEXT VI: Observe the fragment taken from the blues Blow Wind Blow (Muddy Waters, Paul Butterfield) to answer questions 16 to 18.

When the sun rose this morning,

I didn't have my baby by my side.
When the sun rose this morning,
I didn't have my baby by my side.
I don't know where she was,
I know she's out with some another guy.

16 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

According to it, the author

 
(A) affirms he doesn’t have his lover with him.
(B) wishes she had another man.
(C) wants her back anyway.
(D) believes she will return that morning.

17 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

The sentence "I don't know where she was"

(A) must have the order of its elements changed to be correct.
(B) is grammatically correct.
(C) should have the question word replaced by another one to be right.
(D) needs a question mark to be right.

18 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

In the context of the song, the word "when" can be substituted for

(A) while.
(B) by the time.
(C) considering that.
(D) even though.

*Alternativa (A): while.(transmite ideia de TEMPO ➜ enquanto)
*Alternativa (B): by the time.(Transmite ideia de TEMPO ➜ no momento em que)
*Alternativa (C): considering that.(locução prepositiva ➜ considerando que )(não transmite ideia de tempo).
*Alternativa (D):: even though.(Transmite ideia de contraste ➜ apesar de)
➦ VALOR SEMÂNTICO da conjunção WHEN(quando) ➜ TEMPO.
"[...] When the sun rose this morning,
I didn't have my baby by my side.
I don't know where she was,
I know she's out with some another guy."
(Quando o sol nasceu esta manhã,
Eu não tinha o meu amor ao meu lado.
Eu não sei onde ela estava
Eu sei que ela está por ai com outro cara.)
➦PAY ATTENTION:
* Grupo de tempo WHEN(quando, no momento em que):  WHEN - BY THE TIME.

➧ TEXT VII: Read the text and answer questions 19 and 20.

Murderesses Velma Kelly (a woman who killed her husband and sister after finding them in bed together) and Roxie Hart (who killed her boyfriend when she discovered he wasn't going to make her a star) find themselves on death row together and fight for the fame that will keep them from the gallows, in 1920s musical Chicago.

Adapted from http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0299658/plotsummary

19 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

Mark the most appropriate option.

According to the plot summary, the musical Chicago shows

(A) criminals trying to be the best-known ones.
(B) women who were abandoned by their partners.
(C) the biography of the sisters Velma Kelly and Roxie Hart.
(D) the death row conditions in that city.

20 – (AFA-CFO-2011/2012)

The expression

"[...] the fame will keep them from the gallows [...]"

means the fame

(A) is an opportunity for a better life in the death row.
(B) will go on.
(C) is what they wanted when they committed the crimes.
(D) could avoid an execution.