01-E, 02-C, 03-D, 04-A, 05-B, 06-D, 07-C
➧ TEXT 1: Read the text below and answer the following 3
questions based on it.
Feed Additive Squelches
Ruminants' Methane Belches.
1 The global population is now nearly seven and a half billion.
And that’s just humans. Because our planet is also home to
one-and-a-half-billion cows, another billion sheep, and a
billion goats. Their combined belches account for a full fifth
of the world's methane emissions — and methane is about 30
times more potent at trapping heat than CO2.
2 But those methane emissions might get cut — by feeding the
grazers something called 3-nitrooxypropanol. "I can tell you,
they like it. No rejection at all." Maik Kindermann, an organic
chemist at DSM Nutritional Products in Switzerland. Liking
it, in the cow world, he says basically means they'll still
gobble up their food, even with this stuff mixed in.
3 Kindermann's company developed the additive a few years
back. It jams up an enzyme crucial to the production of
methane by bacteria that live inside the animals. And it
slashes the number of those methane-belching bacteria,
while leaving the rest of the microbiome intact. The result? A
30 percent decrease in methane emissions.
4 Kindermann says he thinks the compound could be a winwin for the planet—and the animals. "You know the
methane is kind of a waste product. And this energy, instead
of losing it for the animal, it can be reused for the animal in
terms of performance, and at the same time we are doing
something for greenhouse gas emission and climate
change." The product’s not on the market yet—toxicology
tests are ongoing. But the hope is that it might take some of
the heat off of beef.
Disponível em:
http://www.scientificamerican.com/podcast/episode/feed-additivesquelches-ruminants-methane-belches/ Acessado em 5 de maio de
2016.
01 – (CESMAC-2016-VESTIBULAR)
In the sentence
“…they'll still gobble up their food, even
with this stuff mixed in.”,
the expression gobble up
means
(A) fix
(B) reject
(C) digest
(D) vomit
(E) eat
Gabarito E
➧ TRECHO CONTEXTUAL (3º Parágrafo):
- But those methane emissions might get cut — by feeding the grazers something called 3-nitrooxypropanol. "I can tell you, they like it. No rejection at all." Maik Kindermann, an organic chemist at DSM Nutritional Products in Switzerland. Liking it, in the cow world, he says basically means they'll still gobble up their food, even with this stuff mixed in.
- Mas essas emissões de metano podem ser reduzidas - ao alimentar os herbívoros com algo chamado 3-nitrooxipropanol. "Posso dizer-vos que eles gostam. Não há qualquer rejeição". Maik Kindermann, um químico orgânico da DSM Nutritional Products na Suíça. Gostar, no mundo das vacas, ele diz que, basicamente, significa que elas ainda vão COMER RAPIDAMENTE o alimento delas, mesmo com estas coisas misturadas.
= TO GOOBLE UP (= to eat something very quickly) – COMER RAPIDAMENTE. [Longman Dictionary]= GRAZER (= an animal that grazes) – HERBÍVORO, UM ANIMAL QUE SE ALIMENTA PRINCIPALMENTE OU SOMENTE DE GRAMÍNEAS, PLANTAS. [The Free Dictionary]
➧ RESOLUÇÃO RÁPIDA:
the expression gobble up means
(A) fix (CONSERTAR)
(B) reject (REJEITAR)
(C) digest (DIGERIR)
(D) vomit (VOMITAR)
(E) eat (COMER)
02 – (CESMAC-2016-VESTIBULAR)
It is true to affirm that
1) methane is less harmful than CO2 when it comes
to heat trapping.
2) goats, sheep and cows account for 25% of the
world’s methane emissions.
3) the population of cows outnumbers that of goats
or of sheep.
4) the population of humans exceeds that of all
animals on the planet.
5) methane is more dangerous for the planet than
carbon dioxide gas.
The correct alternatives are:
(A) 1 ,2 and 3
(B) 2, 3 and 5
(C) 3 and 5
(D) 2, 3 and 4
(E) 1, 3 and 5
Gabarito C
03 – (CESMAC-2016-VESTIBULAR)
It is true to affirm that
(A) Kindermann’s company had nothing to do with the
creation of the additive.
(B) there’s an expectation that medium-rare beef
becomes more delicious.
(C) the additive damages the whole microbiome of
the ruminants thoroughly.
(D) the process that reduces belching is related to the
congestion of an enzyme.
(E) toxicology tests results have kept the product
from being commercialized.
Gabarito D
➧ TEXT 2: Read the text below and answer the following 3
questions based on it.
Human trafficking is slavery
1 According to the United States Department of Justice,
human trafficking is the “third most profitable criminal
activity. An estimated $9.5 billion is generated in annual
revenue from all trafficking activities, with at least $4 billion
attributed to the worldwide brothel industry.”
2 The United States Department of State estimates that
800,000 women, children and men are internationally
trafficked every year. Most of these victims are enslaved in
the sex trade industry, followed by domestic servitude and
labor. Over 14,000 victims are trafficked into the United
States annually, according to the United States Department
of Justice, and an estimated 200,000 American children are
potentially trafficked each year into the sex trade.
3 Since 2001, the United States Department of Health and
Human Services has issued almost 1,100 certifications to
human trafficking victims in the United States originating
from over 40 countries. The largest contributing regions are
Latin America and Asia. The majority of victims are female
and half of all victims are children.
4 Law enforcement
agencies report that the majority of trafficking cases
presented as prostitution. But victims of human trafficking
have also been rescued from enslavement as domestic
servants, child soldiers, child brides, beggars, manual
laborers, sweatshops workers, and in landmine removal
efforts. There are also baby trafficking rings that sell babies
to both knowing and unknowing adoptive parents.
Anyone can potentially fall prey to human traffickers. Before
enslavement, many victims earned higher educational
degrees. Many victims were professionals. Others were
simply seeking a better life when they fell prey. Regardless
of demographics or the circumstance of their trafficking, the
common thread among all trafficking victims is the deprivation of inherent human rights and dignity. They are
frequently subjected to physical, mental, emotional and
sexual abuse. Although these victims are a commodity to
the traffickers, they are nonetheless considered expendable.
They are consequently not given adequate care. Without
proper care and essential services, these innocent victims
will be less likely to live hopeful, healthy, and productive
lives.
Adaptado de: <http://globalrescuerelief.org/what-is-humantrafficking/> Acessado em 5 de maio de 2016.
04 – (CESMAC-2016-VESTIBULAR)
The trafficking of humans
(A) generates profits of $9,5 billion of which about
half on prostitution.
(B) steers clear of American soil and harms none of
their citizens.
(C) ranks first when it comes to financial profits
among criminal activities.
(D) enslaves its victims mostly to domestic servitude
and labor abroad.
(E) implies American children fall prey to sex slavery
more than women do.
Gabarito A
05 – (CESMAC-2016-VESTIBULAR)
Victims of human trafficking in the US
(A) come from less than 40 foreign countries.
(B) come mostly from Latin American and Asia.
(C) contribute financially to Latin America and Asia.
(D) are mostly men and a small percentage of
children.
(E) were all prostitutes before coming to the US.
Gabarito B
06 – (CESMAC-2016-VESTIBULAR)
Human traffickers
(A) will always stand by their victims.
(B) give victims professional opportunities.
(C) tell victims the truth about their new life.
(D) couldn’t care less for their victims.
(E) are not deprived of any dignity.
Gabarito D
➧ TEXT 3: Read the graph below and answer the following
question based on it.
Disponível em: http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-34190359.
Acessado em 2 de maio de 2016.
07 – (CESMAC-2016-VESTIBULAR)
It is true to affirm that
(A) Nigeria has the second highest rate of applicants
for asylum in EU.
(B) Serbia has more applicants than both Iraq and
Pakistan together.
(C) Syria has the highest number of applicants for
asylum in Europe.
(D) Afghanistan has the second lowest number of
applications for asylum.
(E) Kosovo has fewer applicants for asylum in Europe
than Serbia.
Gabarito C
