PUC/Rio – 2002 – VESTIBULAR – LÍNGUA INGLESA – PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO – PROVA COM GABARITO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: PUC-RIO-2002-VESTIBULAR-04/12/2001.

https://www.puc-rio.br/vestibular/

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 10 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

➭ Text (1) – | Chicago Tribune |

➭ Text (2) – | Tirinha | Calvin and Hobbes |

❑ TEXT 1: 

Brazilians who insist on taking a "coffee break," eating "fast food" and spending their time at the "shopping mall" looking for "sales" could soon find themselves on the wrong side of the law. A bill passed by the lower house of Congress and awaiting debate later this year by the Senate would make illegal the use of many English-language terms common here.
     

The proposal was drafted by federal deputy Aldo Rebelo, one of the driving forces behind a movement to preserve what he says is "the right of the Brazilian citizen to communicate in his own language." Rebelo said the movement's main goal is to stop the proliferation of unnecessary foreign words that are damaging to the Brazilian cultural heritage. "Why should a person feel stupid or ignorant because he cannot pronounce an English word?" he asked.
      

To guardians of Portuguese, like Rebelo, the flood of foreign words in common usage is an invasion. The movement, called "verbal nationalism," is part of an international campaign to counter the spread of English. Globalization and the Internet have accelerated the proliferation of English in Brazil, which has the largest computer and Internet industry in Latin America. English words such as "mouse", "site", "home page" and "e-mail" are frequently encountered.
     

If the proposed legislation passes, Brazilians and foreigners who have lived in the country for more than a year would be expected to use Portuguese exclusively in the workplace, in school and in all communication for official and public purposes. Excluded from these requirements would be artistic, intellectual and scientific expression; foreign words already in official Portuguese dictionaries; and the
communication of Brazil's indigenous groups. Many linguists and legal experts say the proposal is unenforceable.
     

Many Brazilians initially thought the measure was a joke. That was until the lower house of Congress passed it on March 29. "I don't think any law will erase English words from our vocabulary," said a salesman at a Rio computer store. "English is already incorporated into our lives, especially with computers," he said. […]
     

Some linguists, however, point out that the increasing use of English in Brazil is part of a cultural shift in Latin America's most populous nation. While French at one time was the foreign language most favored by educated Brazilians, nowadays many younger citizens are required in school to learn English as a second language and are seen chatting in English at the mall, exercising their bilingual skills.
     

But Rebelo's supporters have had some success. They pressured two government banks recently into dropping programs called "Home Banking" and "Net Banking" and replacing them with Portuguese descriptions.
     

"This makes no sense," said Carlos Tannus, dean of the Center of Letters and Arts at the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro. "I don't think we can regulate the use of language by law," he said. Like many experts, Tannus concedes that words come into and go out of fashion much like the latest dance trends or clothing fashions.
     

"In a globalized world, it is perfectly normal for words from one language to migrate to another," said Tarcisio Padilha, President of the Brazilian Academy of Letters. "Many of these words will disappear as quickly as they were born. We have no reason to defend ourselves."
          By Patrice M. Jones. Chicago Tribune, July 15, 2001
 ➧  Questão 1   Gabarito   E 
The passage is primarily concerned with:
(A) encouraging the use of Portuguese in official communications.
(B) expressing the author's opinion on a legal matter.
(C) criticizing a law approved by the Brazilian Senate.
(D) resolving the conflict between legislators and linguists.
(E) presenting opposing points of view on the same issue.
Comentários:
* O item (A) está incorreto ao afirmar que a proposta principal do texto é INCENTIVAR o uso do português nas comunicações oficiais.
* O item (B) está incorreto ao afirmar que a proposta principal do texto é EXPRESSAR a opinião do autor sobre um assunto legal.
* O item (C) está incorreto ao afirmar que a proposta principal do texto é CRITICAR uma lei aprovada pelo Senado brasileiro.
* O item (D) está incorreto ao afirmar que a proposta principal do texto é RESOLVER o conflito entre legisladores e linguistas.
* O item (E) está incorreto ao afirmar que a proposta principal do texto é APRESENTAR pontos de vista opostos sobre a mesma questão.
➧  Questão 2   Gabarito   C 

Federal deputy Aldo Rebelo is:
(A) a politician concerned with the correct pronunciation of words.
(B) a strong supporter of globalization and the Internet.
(C) a major leader of the "verbal nationalism" movement.
(D) a defender of the increasing use of English words in Brazil.
(E) the only linguist who fears the invasion of foreign words.
 ➧  Questão 3   Gabarito   A 
Rebelo and his supporters feel that the increasing use of English words by Brazilians is:
(A) harmful and invasive.
(B) unusual and illegal.
(C) normal and justifiable.
(D) wrong and unenforceable.
(E) temporary and inoffensive.

 ➧  Questão 4   Gabarito   B 
Mark the only INCORRECT statement.
(A) The word "here" (line 6) refers to Brazil.
(B) The language mentioned in line 10 ("his own language") is English.
(C) In line 24, the "country" mentioned is Brazil.
(D) In line 35, "our vocabulary" refers to Portuguese vocabulary.
(E) By "Latin America's most populous nation" (lines 39-40) the author means Brazil.
 ➧  Questão 5   Gabarito   E 
The sentence "While French at one time was the foreign language ... exercising their bilingual skills." (lines 40-44) expresses an idea of:
(A) addition.
(B) result.
(C) definition.
(D) conclusion.
(E) contrast.

 ➧  Questão 6   Gabarito   E 
All the word pairs below are synonymous, EXCEPT one. Mark it.
(A) Trends (line 54) - tendencies.
(B) Stupid (line 13) - foolish.
(C) Experts (line 52) - specialists.
(D) Concedes (line 52) - accepts.
(E) Chatting (line 43) - shouting.
 ➧  Questão 7   Gabarito   E 
Where in the passage does the author mention an argument against the proliferation of English words in Brazil?
(A) Lines 55-56.
(B) Lines 21-22.
(C) Lines 36-37.
(D) Lines 49-52.
(E) Lines 15-16.
 ➧  Questão 8   Gabarito   B 
Tarcisio Padilha affirms that "we have no reason to defend ourselves" (lines 58-59) because:
(A) the English language will disappear if the proposed legislation passes.
(B) the migration of words is a common phenomenon in the new world economy.
(C) Brazilian politicians aren't capable of fighting the invasion of foreign terms.
(D) there are many ways of preventing the proliferation of the English language.
(E) new words in Portuguese shall be created by the Brazilian Academy of Letters.

❑ TEXT 2:

09 – (PUC-RIO-2002-VESTIBULAR)

Calvin seems to be very angry because:
(A) he didn't expect his jacket to be in the closet.
(B) he thought his favorite jacket had been stolen.
(C) somebody threw his jacket away on purpose.
(D) his room ought to be cleaner and tidier.
(E) no one helped him put on his clothes.

 👍   Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - INFERÊNCIA, ELEMENTOS NÃO VERBAIS, ELEMENTOS VERBAIS:

Calvin seems to be very angry because:

Calvin parece estar muito zangado porque:
(A) he didn't expect his jacket to be in the closet.  –  ele não esperava que sua jaqueta estivesse no armário.
(B) he thought his favorite jacket had been stolen.  –  ele pensou que sua jaqueta favorita havia sido roubada.
(C) somebody threw his jacket away on purpose.  –  alguém jogou fora a jaqueta de propósito.
(D) his room ought to be cleaner and tidier.  –  seu quarto deveria estar mais limpo e arrumado.
(E) no one helped him put on his clothes.  –  ninguém o ajudou a vestir a roupa.

❑ TRADUÇÃO DO CARTOON:

➧ 1º QUADRINHO:

➭ Where is my jacket?

➭ Onde está minha jaqueta?

➧ 2º QUADRINHO:

➭ I've looked everywhere! Under the bed. Over my chair...

➭ Eu procurei em todos os lugares! Debaixo da cama. Em cima da minha cadeira....

➧ 3º QUADRINHO:

➭ ... on the stairs, on the hall floor, in the kitchen... It's just not anywhere!

➭ ... nas escadas, no chão do corredor, na cozinha... Simplesmente não está em lugar nenhum! 

➧ 4º QUADRINHO:

➭ Oh, here it is! Who put it in the stupid closet?!?

➭ Ah, aqui está! Quem colocou no armário idiota?!?

❑ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Calvin, visivelmente aborrecido e  após ter vasculhado toda a casa em busca da jaqueta, ele foi encontrá-la dentro do "closet" (armário), e ironicamente, ele não esperava que a jaqueta estivesse no armário.

10 – (PUC-RIO-2002-VESTIBULAR)

Mark the sentence which must be completed with "anywhere".
(A) The manager had to go off _____ else for an appointment.
(B) The dangerous dog was approaching but there was _____ to hide.
(C) Britney says she didn´t go _____ yesterday.
(D) This is part of the original castle build _____ around 1700.
(E) Have you seen my glasses? I've looked _____ for them.

 👍   Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - ADVERB - ANYWHERE  :

➭ ANYWHERE – é usado em perguntas ou negativas para significar "um lugar", como é o caso da opção C.

https://dictionary.cambridge.org/

dictionary/english/anywhere

EFOMM–PS–2009–OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE–LÍNGUA INGLESA–GABARITO, TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS & AQUISIÇÃO DE VOCABULÁRIO.

• PROCESSO SELETIVO DE ADMISSÃO ÀS ESCOLAS DE FORMAÇÃO DE OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE-PS-2009.

❑ ESTRUTURA DA PROVA:

• 20 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

❑ TEXTO 1:

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO:

>>[1º PARÁGRAFO]

Adventure journalist Peter Heller took a voyage he never expected: crusader to protect ocean life.

O jornalista de aventuras Peter Heller embarcou numa viagem que nunca esperou: cruzada pela proteção da vida nos oceanos.

He accepted the invitation to crew on board Sea Shepherd's ship Farley Mowat for the 2005-2006 Antarctic campaign.

Ele aceitou o convite para tripular a bordo do navio Farley Mowat da Sea Shepherd para a campanha antárctica de 2005-2006.

He chronicled this two-month journey in his book "The Whale Warriors: The Battle at the Bottom of the World to Save the Planet's Largest Mammals".

Ele narrou esta viagem de dois meses no seu livro "The Whale Warriors: A Batalha no Fundo do Mundo para Salvar os Maiores Mamíferos do Planeta".
>>[2º PARÁGRAFO]

"I've always been drawn to the ocean but the experience kindled a fire in me to protect marine mammals," Heller said in an interview.

"Sempre me senti atraído pelo oceano, mas a experiência despertou em mim o desejo de proteger os mamíferos marinhos", disse Heller numa entrevista.

"The ocean is so much a part of the web of life. If the ocean dies, we die too."

"O oceano faz parte da teia da vida. Se o oceano morrer, nós também morremos".

>>[3º PARÁGRAFO]
In the November 2006 issue of Science, Heller said, a report by an international team of scientists studying data over 58 years declared that if current trends of fishing and pollution continue, every fishery across the planet will be totally destroyed by 2048.

Na edição de novembro de 2006 da Science, disse Heller, um relatório de uma equipe internacional de cientistas que estuda dados de mais de 58 anos declarou que, se as tendências atuais de pesca e poluição continuarem, todas as pescarias do planeta serão totalmente destruídas até 2048. 

The oceans as an ecosystem would completely collapse.

Os oceanos como um ecossistema entraria em colapso total.
>>[4º PARÁGRAFO]

"Jacques Cousteau said 30 years ago that the oceans were dying in our lifetime," Heller noted.

"Jacques Cousteau disse há 30 anos que os oceanos estavam morrendo durante a nossa vida", observou Heller.
"Half the coral reef is dead or dying. People don't pay attention because they're under the surface."

"Metade dos recifes de coral estão mortos ou morrendo. As pessoas não prestam atenção porque estão debaixo da superfície".
“Marine algae create the majority of oxygen in our atmosphere. If the oceans die, it could cause great destruction. It's in our own self-interest to take action right now," Heller said.

"As algas marinhas produzem a maior parte do oxigénio da nossa atmosfera. Se os oceanos morrerem, isso pode causar uma grande destruição. É do nosso próprio interesse tomar medidas imediatamente", afirmou Heller.

• Adapted from www.malibu.com, October 10, 2007.

01 – (EFOMM-2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentence below:

• What is the principal idea addressed in the text above?

(A) Heller's book on protection of the whales.
(B) Jacques Cousteau’s studies about the oceans.
(C) The destruction of the oceans and sea life.
(D) The journey Heller took on board Farley Mowat.
(E) The death of coral reefs under the surface.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Choose the correct alternative to complete the sentence below:
Escolha a alternativa correta para completar a sentença abaixo:

What is the principal idea addressed in the text above?
Qual é a principal ideia abordada no texto acima?

(A) Heller's book on protection of the whales.

>>INCORRETA: O livro de Heller sobre a proteção das baleias.
(B) Jacques Cousteau’s studies about the oceans.

>>INCORRETA: Os estudos de Jacques Cousteau sobre os oceanos.
(C) The destruction of the oceans and sea life.

>>CORRETA: A destruição dos oceanos e da vida marinha.
(D) The journey Heller took on board Farley Mowat.

 >>INCORRETA: A viagem que Heller fez a bordo do Farley Mowat.
(E) The death of coral reefs under the surface.

>>INCORRETA: A morte dos recifes de coral sob a superfície.

>>TRECHO QUE JUSTIFICA A RESPOSTA:

• [4º PARÁGRAFO]
• “Marine algae create the majority of oxygen in our atmosphere. If the oceans die, it could cause great destruction. It's in our own self-interest to take action right now," Heller said.
• "As algas marinhas produzem a maior parte do oxigénio da nossa atmosfera. Se os oceanos morrerem, isso pode causar uma grande destruição. É do nosso próprio interesse tomar medidas imediatamente", afirmou Heller.

02 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Which of the statements below is NOT mentioned in the text?

(A) By 2048, all fishery will be destroyed due to pollution and abusive fishing.
(B) Man is not interested in taking action to protect the oceans and marine life.
(C) If the ocean as an ecosystem collapses, this will cause great destruction.
(D) Heller spent two months cruising in an Antarctic campaign on board a ship.
(E) Heller became interested in protecting the whales and wrote a book on that.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Which of the statements below is NOT mentioned in the text?

Qual das afirmações abaixo NÃO é mencionada no texto?

(A) By 2048, all fishery will be destroyed due to pollution and abusive fishing.

>>MENCIONADO: Até 2048, todas as pescarias serão destruídas devido à poluição e à pesca abusiva.
(B) Man is not interested in taking action to protect the oceans and marine life.

>>NÃO MENCIONADO: O homem não está interessado em tomar medidas para proteger os oceanos e a vida marinha.
(C) If the ocean as an ecosystem collapses, this will cause great destruction.

>>MENCIONADO: Se o oceano, enquanto ecossistema, entrar em colapso, isso causará grande destruição.
(D) Heller spent two months cruising in an Antarctic campaign on board a ship.

>>MENCIONADO: Heller passou dois meses de cruzeiro numa campanha antárctica a bordo de um navio.
(E) Heller became interested in protecting the whales and wrote a book on that.

>>MENCIONADO: Heller interessou-se pela proteção das baleias e escreveu um livro sobre isso.

03 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) In the sentence:

• "If the oceans die, it could cause great destruction.",

the pronoun "it" refers to

(A) oceans.
(B) great destruction.
(C) atmosphere.
(D) the oceans death.
(E) the cause.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - REFERENCE WORDS :

In the sentence: "If the oceans die, it could cause great destruction.", the pronoun "it" refers to

(A) oceans. oceanos.
(B) great destruction. grande destruição.
(C) atmosphere. atmosfera.
(D) the oceans death. a morte dos oceanos.
(E) the cause. a causa.

>>SENTENÇA:

• If the oceans die, it could cause great destruction.
• Se os oceanos morrerem, isso poderá causar uma grande destruição.
• IT refers to "the oceans death"(a morte dos oceanos).

04 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• In "I've always been drawn to the ocean”,

the present perfect tense was used to express

(A) an action that started in the past and still reflects in the present.
(B) something that is likely to happen in the future.
(C) an event that occurred in a period of time now terminated.
(D) an action that is being performed at the moment of speaking.
(E) a planned future action, particularly referred to a journey.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

05 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) The sentence

• "Some newer appliances and equipment are built by experts to run super efficiently"

in the active voice would be

(A) Experts built some newer appliances and equipment to run super efficiently.
(B) Experts build some newer appliances and equipment to run super efficiently.
(C) To run super efficiently, some newer appliances and equipment are built by experts.
(D) Experts are building some newer appliances and equipment to run super efficiently.
(E) Newer appliances and equipment run super efficiently because they are built by experts.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

06 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• In: 'A suggestion that they should postpone further discussions pending investigations was accepted by a majority of three to one.'

The meaning of the underlined word is.

(A) put off
(B) put away
(C) put on
(D) put up with
(E) put up

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO, SINÔNIMOS, PHRASAL VERBS:

• A suggestion that they should postpone further discussions pending investigations was accepted by a majority of three to one.
• Uma sugestão de que eles deveriam adiar novas discussões enquanto aguardam as investigações foi aceita por uma maioria de três a um.

The meaning of the underlined word is.

(A) put off (adiar)
(B) put away

• "guardar" - Put away your toys after playing!
• "guardar, armazenar"  - Put away the dishes!
• "desativar" - Put away your phone during the meeting!
  

(C) put on

• "ligar" - Put on the TV!
• "aumentar a luminosidade" - Put on more lights!
• "fingir" - She put on a happy face, but was sad inside!
• "culpar" - Don't put it on me, I didn't do it.

(D) put up with (tolerate, endure, bear, stand)

• "tolerar" - I'm not going to put up wih his rude behavior.
• "conviver com algo incômodo" - She puts up with the noise. 
• "resistir, aguentar algo difícil" - She put up with the pain, durant the surgery.
  

(E) put up (install, post, raise)

• "colocar, instalar objetos" - Put up a shelf in the living room!  .
• "publicar, postar anúncios" - Put up posters around town! 
• "aumentar preços" - Put up prices due to inflation.
  

>>"POSTPONE"(= to put of to a letter time) – adiar, postergar, prorrogar, retardar algo.

07 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) In the sentence

• In the sentence "Everyone lies", the present tense is being used to express a fact that will never change in time.

In which of the options below is the present tense being used to express a similar idea?

(A) They often go to school by subway.
(B) Water freezes at 0° Celsius.
(C) My plane leaves at 5pm tomorrow.
(D) My cousin studies Computer Science.
(E) Joe always arrives late for work.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

• In "Everyone lies", the present tense is being used to express a fact that will never change in time.
• Em "Everyone lies", o tempo presente está sendo usado para expressar um fato que nunca mudará com o tempo.

In which of the options below is the present tense being used to express a similar idea?

(A) They often go to school by subway.

Eles geralmente vão para a escola de metrô.
(B) Water freezes at 0° Celsius.

A água congela a 0° Celsius.
(C) My plane leaves at 5pm tomorrow.

Meu avião sai às 17h amanhã.
(D) My cousin studies Computer Science.

Meu primo estuda Ciência da Computação.
(E) Joe always arrives late for work.

Joe sempre chega atrasado para o trabalho.

08 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• I want to lose weight so I've decided to ________ cakes and biscuits.

(A) cut up
(B) cut along
(C) cut down 
(D) cut in
(E) cut across

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - TO CUT DOWN:

>> Na lacuna, vamos usar o verbo frasal idiomático  “to cut down”, que contextualmente quer dizer “DIMINUIR QUANTIDADE” (diminuir bolos e biscoitos para que se possa perder peso).

• I want to lose weight so I've decided to cut down cakes and biscuits.
• Quero perder peso, então decidi diminuir bolos e biscoitos.

(A) cut up

• "cortar em pedaços" - Cut up the vegetables for salad.
• "danificar ou destruir" - The accident cut up the the car. 

(B) cut along (to follow, to accompany, to advance)

• "seguir, acompanhar" - I'll cut along with you to the party.
• "avançar em uma direção" - Cut along, we're almost there! 
  

(C) cut down (to reduce, decrease)
(D) cut in
(E) cut across

09 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• Investors receive anually all the interest that _________ to their account during the year.

(A) have been crediting
(B) have credited
(C) has been credited
(D) credited
(E) credits

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

10 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• The invasion was completed ___ a matter of days. It was carefully planned and skilfully executed.

(A) of
(B) within
(C) on
(D) off
(E) in

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

11 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• Typhoon "Ida" left a trail of destruction in ______ wake. It swept the country from coast to coast.

(A) mine
(B) ours
(C) his
(D) hers
(E) its

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

12 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• The chemist gave her the tablets, which _______ three times a day.

(A) is taken.
(B) is to take.
(C) are taking.
(D) were taken.
(E) was taken.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

13 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• I seem to spend all my money ______books.

(A) about
(B) on
(C) with
(D) for
(E) in

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

14 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• On the way home I ___Jane at the bus stop. She ___ a beautiful dress but she ____ happy.

(A) met – was wearing – didn't look
(B) meet – was wearing – didn’t look
(C) met – wore – doesn’t looked
(D) meet – is wearing – didn’t look
(E) met – wears – doesn’t looked

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

15 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• If he hadn't been shoved, there would never have been a fight.

(A) So he was, but there wasn't a fight.
(B) But he wasn't, so there wasn't a fight.
(C) So he wasn't, but there was a fight.
(D) But he was, so there was a fight.
(E) But he was, so there wasn´t a fight.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

16 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• I think you drive __________ than your husband.

(A) careful
(B) carefully
(C) more carefully
(D) more careful
(E) most careful

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

17 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

• Since she loves ________, she doesn’t mind _______ to the supermarket ________ some products. She really enjoys _______ this.

(A) cook/ go / buying / doing
(B) cooking / to go / to buy / doing
(C) cooking / going / to buy / doing
(D) cooking / to go / to buy / do
(E) to cook/ to go / buying / to do

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

➧ TEXT : Choose the best answers in questions (18, 19 and 20) to complete the blanks in the text below.

Seafaring has, through history, always been one of the most dangerous occupations. Even today that is
still true. Many countries had unilateral regulations on safety __(18) __ sea trade is of international nature, the rules and regulations __(19) __ be set up internatioally, __(20)__ by individual countries, to make them better overall. To improve this subject, in 1948 the basis was laid for IMO.

• (Ship Knowledge – A Modern Encyclopedia – K. Van Dokkum 2003)

18 – (EFOMM-2008/2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

(A) however
(B) unless
(C) even if
(D) although
(E) as

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

19 – (EFOMM-PS-2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

(A) would rather
(B) may
(C) must not
(D) might
(E) had better

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  
TÓPICO - MODAL "mustn't":

• [...] Many countries had unilateral regulations on safety although sea trade is of international nature, the rules and regulations must not be set up internatioally.
• Muitos países tinham regulamentações unilaterais sobre segurança. Embora o comércio marítimo seja de natureza internacional, as regras e regulamentos não devem ser estabelecidos internacionalmente.

>>"MUSTN'T" – Empregado em contexto de PROIBIÇÃO FORTE, DECISIVA ou ADVERTÊNCIA FORTE para que alguém não faça algo com o sentido de “não deve fazer algo”)

• You mustn’t enter here. (EEAR–CFS–1/2023)
• Policemen mustn’t drink on duty. (Policiais não devem beber em serviço.)
• Children mustn't see this movie! (As crianças não devem ver este filme!)
• Students mustn’t leave bicycles here. (Os alunos não devem deixar bicicletas aqui.)
• Visitors mustn’t smoke. (Os visitantes não devem fumar)
• You mustn’t be late. (Você não deve se atrasar.)

20 – (EFOMM-PS-2009-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

(A) otherwise
(B) notwithstanding
(C) instead of
(D) in spite of
(E) since

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO: