CETREDE–2018–PM/CANINDÉ–PROFESSOR–PUBLIC SERVICE EXAM, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• CETREDE-2018-PREFEITURA MUNICIPAL DE CANINDÉ/CE-CARGO: PROFESSOR DE INGLÊS (PEB II). Prova aplicada em 15/04/2018.

www.cetrede.com.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 20 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

❑ PROVA:

Read the following article and answer questions 41 to 49.

The Risks of Farming 

Most of us perceive farming as a very safe, simple job. According to a recent survey, however, farming is one of the ten most dangerous jobs in the United States. Farm workers are more than five times more likely than other workers to die from an onthe-job injury. The risks to farmers are caused by the outdoor environment where they work and by the chemicals and machinery they use.

Many of us would enjoy working outdoors, but both hot and cold weather conditions can create risks. Some people have a tolerance for the heat, but they can still suffer because of the sun. Frequent exposure to the sun can cause skin cancer. In the United States, farmers are three times more likely than the average citizen to get skin cancer. Extreme cold can also damage a person's skin. Some of us love winter, but even if you're the kind of person who enjoys the cold, caring for animals every day in freezing weather can be unappealing, as well as risky. The majority of us would probably be much happier working inside, away from the cold.

More risks are created by chemicals and machinery. Farmers often work with some very dangerous chemicals, but they may have little training in how to use them safely. They may not take the necessary precautions to keep chemicals away from their skin or clothes. The poisons can even get into the water supply that farmers and their animals drink. Also, farmers use a great deal of equipment, such as tractors and chainsaws. Accidents with this machinery can cause a variety of injuries, or even death.

Certain types of people can accept the level of risk that comes with being a farmer. They enjoy the farmer's lifestyle so much that they choose to take the chance of injury. But most of us are content to have someone else do the dangerous work that gets food on our tables.

41 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) What is the article's main idea?

a) Being outdoors is not safe for most people.
b) Farming is a very risky job.
c) Farming is one of the safest job in America.
d) The climate explains why farming is very dangerous.
e) Some people like the risks of farming.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Qual é a ideia principal do artigo?
a) Estar ao ar livre não é seguro para a maioria das pessoas.
b) A agricultura é um trabalho muito arriscado.
c) A agricultura é um dos trabalhos mais seguros da América.
d) O clima explica por que a agricultura é muito perigosa.
e) Algumas pessoas gostam dos riscos da agricultura.

42 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) According to the article, how do most people think of farming?

a) It is a job that many people would like to try.

b) It is a job where you can make money.

c) It is a job where the climate interferes.

d) It is a very complicated job.

e) It is a very safe job.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Segundo o artigo, como a maioria das pessoas pensa da agricultura?
a) É um trabalho que muitas pessoas gostariam de experimentar.
b) É um trabalho onde você pode ganhar dinheiro.
c) É um trabalho em que o clima interfere.
d) É um trabalho muito complicado.
e) É um trabalho muito seguro.

43 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) A recent study shows that U.S. farmers are more likely than other workers to

a) avoid exposure to freezing temperatures.

b) become rich.

c) become qualified to work with chemicals.

d) die from on-the-job injuries.

e) enjoy careers working with animals.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Um estudo recente mostra que os agricultores dos EUA têm mais probabilidade do que outros trabalhadores de
a) evite a exposição a temperaturas congelantes.
b) tornar-se rico.
c) tornar-se qualificado para trabalhar com produtos químicos.
d) morrer de ferimentos no trabalho.
e) desfrute de carreiras trabalhando com animais.

44 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) According to the article, both hot and cold weather can cause damage to

a) farm animals.
b) human emotional. 
c) human skin.
d) human throat.
e) water supplies.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Segundo o artigo, o clima quente e o frio podem causar danos ao
a) animais de fazenda.
b) humano emocional.
c) pele humana.
d) garganta humana.
e) abastecimento de água.

45 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) Compared to the average person, farmers are ___ times more likely to develop skin cancer. Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.

a) two.
b) three.
c) five.
d) seven.
e) ten.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Comparado à média das pessoas, os agricultores têm ___ vezes mais chances de desenvolver câncer de pele. Escolha a palavra correta para completar a frase.
a) dois.
b) três
c) cinco.
d) sete.
e) dez.

46 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) What is the connection between farmers and chemicals?

a) Most farmers are not authorized by the government to use chemicals.
b) Most farmers do not use chemicals and have no education about their safe use.
c) Most farmers use chemicals and have a great deal of education about their safe use.
d) Most farmers use chemicals by watching the results.
e) Most farmers use chemicals but have little education about their safe use.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Qual é a conexão entre agricultores e produtos químicos?
a) A maioria dos agricultores não está autorizada pelo governo a usar produtos químicos.
b) A maioria dos agricultores não usa produtos químicos e não tem educação sobre seu uso seguro.
c) A maioria dos agricultores usa produtos químicos e tem muita educação sobre seu uso seguro.
d) A maioria dos agricultores usa produtos químicos observando os resultados.
e) A maioria dos agricultores usa produtos químicos, mas tem pouca educação sobre seu uso seguro.

47 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) The worst accidents with farm machinery can cause 

a) death.
b) loss of body limbs.
c) poisoning.
d) throat cancer.
e) variety.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Os piores acidentes com máquinas agrícolas podem causar
a) morte.
b) perda de membros do corpo.
c) envenenamento.
d) câncer de garganta.
e) variedade.

48 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) What kind of people can best tolerate the risks of farming?

a) People who are authorized by the government to farm.
b) People who enjoy taking risks with dangerous machines.
c) People who understand deeply about chemicals.
d) People who want and value an outdoor lifestyle.
e) People who want to supply others with safe drinking water.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Que tipo de pessoa pode tolerar melhor os riscos da agricultura?
a) Pessoas autorizadas pelo governo a cultivar.
b) Pessoas que gostam de correr riscos com máquinas perigosas.
c) Pessoas que entendem profundamente sobre produtos químicos.
d) Pessoas que querem e valorizam um estilo de vida ao ar livre.
e) Pessoas que desejam fornecer água potável para outras pessoas.

49 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) Using referents to understand contrast, which sentences refer to the minority or the majority of people according to the article? Use the legend below.

• I. Minority.
• II. Majority.

List each sentence according to the correct category.

• ( ) Most of us perceive farming as a very safe, simple job.
• ( ) Many of us would enjoy working outdoors.
• ( ) Some people have a tolerance for the heat, but they can still suffer because of the sun.
• ( ) But must of us are content to have someone else do the dangerous work that gets food on our tables.
• ( ) Some of us love winter...

Choose the option that shows the CORRECT sequence.

a) I – I – II – I – II.
b) I – II – I – II – I.
c) II – II – I – I – II.
d) II – I – II – I – II.
e) II – II – I – II – I.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

() A maioria de nós considera a agricultura um trabalho simples e muito seguro.
() Muitos de nós gostariam de trabalhar ao ar livre.
() Algumas pessoas têm tolerância ao calor, mas ainda podem sofrer por causa do sol.
() Mas devemos nos contentar em ter alguém fazendo o trabalho perigoso que coloca comida em nossas mesas.
() Alguns de nós adoram o inverno ...

50 – (CETREDE-2018-PM/CANINDÉ-PROFESSOR) Read the following sentences.

I. My oldest brother took the role of referee in our soccer game.

II. The chef's goal is to open his own restaurant.

III. Marcos conquered his fear of the dark by exploring caves.

IV. She worked hard to earn a promotion.

V. The hurricane was the ultimate test of our safety plan.

Match the word in bold in each sentence to the correct definition.

(  ) Work to deserve something.
(  ) Someone's purpose or aim.
(  ) A part a person plays.
(  ) Biggest, best, worst, or hardest.
(  ) Defeat or win against something.

Choose the option that shows the CORRECT sequence.

a) II – IV – I – III – V.
b) I – III – V – II – IV.
c) III – V – I – II – IV.
d) IV – II – I – V – III. 
e) IV – I – II – III – V.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

I. My oldest brother took the role of referee in our soccer game.

O meu irmão mais velho assumiu o papel de árbitro no nosso jogo de futebol.

II. The chef's goal is to open his own restaurant.

A meta do chef é abrir o seu próprio restaurante.

III. Marcos conquered his fear of the dark by exploring caves.

Marcos venceu o medo do escuro explorando grutas.

IV. She worked hard to earn a promotion.

Ela trabalhou arduamente para ganhar uma promoção.

V. The hurricane was the ultimate test of our safety plan.

O furacão foi o teste final ao nosso plano de segurança.

Match the word in bold in each sentence to the correct definition.

(  ) Work to deserve something.

Trabalhar para merecer alguma coisa.
(  ) Someone's purpose or aim.

Propósito ou objetivo de alguém.
( I ) A part a person plays.

Um papel que uma pessoa desempenha.
(  ) Biggest, best, worst, or hardest.

Maior, melhor, pior ou mais difícil.
(  ) Defeat or win against something.

Derrote ou vença algo.

>> "ROLE" – the position or purpose that someone or something has in a situation, organization, society, or relationship. An actor's part in a film or play. – "PAPEL, FUNÇÃO" .

• My oldest brother took the role of referee in our soccer game.
• O meu irmão mais velho assumiu o papel/função de árbitro no nosso jogo de futebol.
• Women’s role in society.(www.ldoceonline.com)
• O papel da mulher na sociedade.

>> "GOAL" – an aim or purpose – "META" .

• They have set themselves a series of goals to achieve by the end of the month. (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/)
• Estabeleceram uma série de metas a atingir até ao final do mês.

>> "TO CONQUER" – to take control or possession of foreign land, or a group of people, by force. – "CONQUISTAR, VENCER" .

• The Spanish conquered the New World in the 16th century.(https://dictionary.cambridge.org/)
• Os espanhóis conquistaram o Novo Mundo no século XVI.

👉 Questão  51 :
Read the following sentences.
• Fernanda is ________ to do well on her next exam. • One second is a _______ amount of time for runners.
• His _______ T-shirt showed that he is the leader of the team.
Complete, respectively, the sentences with the appropriate adjective and choose the CORRECT answer.
a) determination / significance / distinction.
b) distinctive / significance / determined.
c) determined / significant / distinctive.
d) determined / significance / distinction.
e) determination / significant / distinctive.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  52 :
Read the sentences about narrative essay and select True (T) or False (F).

(  ) A narrative essay describes a personal experience.( ) An introductory paragraph should give facts, examples and explanation.
(  ) The writer should not tell what they learned until the concluding paragraph.
(  ) The writer describes the event in the body of the essay.
(  ) The concluding paragraph summarizes why this history is important for the writer.

Choose the option that shows the CORRECT sequence.

a) T – F – T – F – T. 
b) T – T – F – T – F. 
c) T – F – F – T – T.
d) F – F – F – T – T. 
e) F – T – F – T – F.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

() Um ensaio narrativo descreve uma experiência pessoal.
() Um parágrafo introdutório deve fornecer fatos, exemplos e explicações.
() O escritor não deve contar o que aprendeu até o parágrafo final.
() O escritor descreve o evento no corpo do ensaio.
() O parágrafo final resume por que essa história é importante para o escritor.

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👉 Questão  53 :
Complete the blanks of the sentences below with the correct form of the word in parentheses. Use simple past or past perfect.
• About eight months after my first skydive, I ________ (decide) to go it again.
• At the concert, she showed her family and friends what she ________ (learn) during the past semester. • John _______ (know) that the team would struggle without him, but he hadn’t thought they would lose every game.
• The flowers already _______ (wilt) before the rain could save them.
Choose the option that shows the CORRECT sequence, respectively.
a) decided / had learned / had known / had wilted.
b) decided / learned / knew / wilted.
c) had decided / had learned / had known / had wilted.
d) decided / had learned / knew / had wilted.
e) had decided / learned / known / wilted.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

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👉 Questão  54 :
Read the sentences. Are the words in bold adjectives or verbs? According to the legend, list each sentence into the correct category. 
I. Adjective.
II. Verb. 

( ) The rented bikes can be left anywhere in the city.
( ) They decreased their use of fossil fuels by 35 percent.
( ) The polluted river water caused many fish to die.
( ) We rented bikes and rode them by the river.
( ) Our city’s decreased use of automobiles improved our air quality.
Choose the option that shows the CORRECT sequence.
a) I – II – I – II – I.
b) I – II – I – I – II.
c) II – I – II – I – II.
d) II – I – I – II – I.
e) II – II – I – II – II.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  55 :
Complete the blanks of the paragraphs below with the correct form of the verbs.
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The riskiest thing I’ve ever done happened last year on vocation. About six months before the trip, I ________ a workshop called, “Enjoying International Vacations.” After the workshop, my friend Jack and I _________ to travel to New Zealand.

A few days after our arrival in Queenstown, Jack asked me if I wanted to try bungee jumping. That’s where you jump from a high place connected to a long cord that catches you when you fall. He told me he _______ an advertisement for bungee jumping off the Kawarau Bridge. I told Jack, “I’m sorry, but there _________ no way that I’m going to jump off a bridge!” He decided he would jump by himself.
_____________________________________________________________________________
Choose the CORRECT verbs to complete the paragraphs, respectively.
a) have attended / decided / seen / has been.
b) attend / decide / see / is.
c) have attended / had decided / saw / was.
d) had attended / decided / had seen / is.
e) had attended / had decided / had seen / has been.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  56 :

Choose the correct words to complete the sentences in the passive voice.

• They _______ all of their produce by train.
• She ________ extra money to buy fresh fruits and vegetables.
• New farming methods _________ to protect the soil from wearing out.

Complete the respectively sentences with the appropriate form of the verbs and choose the CORRECT answer.

a) transported / spent / were needed.
b) were transported / was spent / were needed.
c) transported / spent / needed.
d) were transported / spent / needed.
e) transported / was spent / needed.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  57 :

Read the following sentences.

• Millions of people read the news story on the Internet.
• The mayor announced a new law limiting emissions from cars.

Change the sentences from active voice to passive voice, respectively and choose the CORRECT answer.

a) The new story was read by millions of people on the Internet. / A new law limiting emissions from cars was announced by the mayor.
b) The new story read by millions of people on the Internet. / A new law limiting emissions from cars announced by the mayor.
c) The new story was readed by millions of people on the Internet. / A new law limiting emissions from cars was announced by the mayor.

d) The new story readed by millions of people on the Internet. / A new law limiting emissions from cars announced by the mayor.

e) The new story read by millions of people on the Internet. / A new law was announced by the mayor by limiting emissions from cars.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  58 :

Read the following sentence.

• This story doesn’t add up.

What does underlined sentence means?

a) This story is not real.

b) This story is too good.

c) This story is a lie.

d) This story does not make sense.

e) This story is depressing.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  59 :

Read the following sentence.

• Paul asked his girlfriend out to a dinner in the new restaurant of the neighborhood.

What does underlined sentence means?

a) Invite.

b) Ask to leave.

c) Broke the relationship.

d) Call by phone.

e) Quit immediately.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

👉 Questão  60 :

Read the following sentences.

• My television is acting up. I think it needs to be fixed.
• Your child is acting up again. Probably want some attention. What does underlined sentences mean respectively?

a) The television is not good. / The child is sleeping. 

b) The TV is good. / The child is sick.

c) The TV is no longer working. / The child is not healthy.

d) The television is broken. / The child is behaving badly.

e) The TV channels are going by themselves. / The child is climbing the furniture.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

FMABC-2018-Vestibular da Faculdade de Medicina do ABC - Profº Valdenor Sousa - Prova de INGLÊS com gabarito e questões comentadas.

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Hey, what's up my friends!!!...How have you been?!

Neste post, veremos a Prova de INGLÊS do Vestibular da FMABC-2018-Faculdade de Medicina do ABC. Prova aplicada em Novembro/2017.

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[a]Banca Organizadora do Concurso Público 

www.fmabc.br/graduacao

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[b]Padrão/Composição da prova 

➦06 Questões.
➦02 Textos.

➦Reading Comprehension(Compreensão textual).
➦Use of english(uso do inglês).
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[c]Dictionary:

Caso necessário,sugiro que consulte os excelentes dicionários a seguir:
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/
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🔄Verbos 
➽[to uncover ➝ descobrir]
➽[to unveil ➝ revelar]
🔄Phrasal Verbs :

➽[to "]

🔄Expressões verbais com o TO BE(simple present/simple past/simple future/ be going to/present continuous/past continuous/future continuous):
➽["]
🔄Expressões verbais no PERFECT TENSE(present perfect/past perfect/present perfect continuous/past perfect continuous):
➽["]
🔄Expressões com os 10 modais(can/could/may/might/must/should/would/ought to/will/shall):
➽[)   
🔄Expressões com verbos com ING:
➽[."]
🔄Expressões VERBAIS EM GERAL:
➽["]
🔄Substantivos(NOUNS):
➽[blanket ➝ cobertor]
➽[twins ➝ gêmeos]
🔄Adjetivos/Locuções adjetivas :
➽["]
🔄Advérbios/Locução adverbial:
➽[]
🔄 Pronomes Relativos(who, which, whom, that) :
➽[.]
🔄 Coordination Conjunctions (for, and, nor, but, or, yet, so):
➽["]
🔄 Subordination Conjunctions (however/nonetheless/nevertheless/notwithstanding)-(although/though/even though)-(as if/as though)-(as/so long as/provided that)-(despite/in spite of)-(as)-(once)-(otherwise)-(unless)-(untill)-(when/by the time)-(whenever)-(whereas)-(while)-(so that/so as to/in order that/in order to)-(since):
➽[)
🔄 Correlative Conjunctions(not only...but also, both...and, as...as, either...or, wheter...or, neither...nor) :
➽["]
🔄 Preposition (in ➜ mês), (on ➜ dia/data), (at➜ hora/momento específico: at night, at midnight, at lunchtime) :
➽["]
🔄 Passive Voice: Verbo TO BE(no tempo verbal contextual)+VP no particípio passado. :

➽["]
🔄Expressões idiomáticas :
➽[)
🔄Expressões ADJETIVO+SUBSTANTIVO:
➽[➝ ] 
🔄IF-CLAUSE:
➽["]
🔄MEDICINE English - Expressões Técnicas na ÁREA DE MEDICINA:
➽[]
🔄 Comparativos (superioridade) :
➽[a]

🔄Expressões com 'S (Genitive case=proprietário 'S propriedade) ➜ relação de posse , parentesco ou autoria. :

➽["]
🔄 Afixos :
➽[]
🔄Expressões com frações/números:
➽[."]
🔄Questions:
➽["]

🔄Falso cognato:

➽[]

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Agora vamos à prova.
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Atenção: Para responder às questões de números 73 a 75, considere o texto abaixo.
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Homeopathic treatment for prolonged postoperative coma: a case report

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G Vithoulkas, V Văcăraș, J Kavouras, AD Buzoianu, M Mărginean, D Văcăraș, and S Cozma

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Although a rare complication, postoperative coma is a severe, death-leading condition, causing immense suffering on both the patient and the patient’s family. A multidisciplinary and thorough approach is necessary for these patients, but even after a wellconducted therapy, this condition often leads to the death of the patient.

This article presents a case of an 81-year old female patient with many severe illnesses, who recovered from a prolonged postoperative coma with the aid of homeopathy.

The homeopathic approach is completely different from the classical, allopathic one. If the allopathic medicine has the tendency to suppress any symptom, homeopathy uses these symptoms in order to choose the correct remedy (the remedy that would produce the same symptoms in a healthy person). Given to a sick person, this remedy will activate that person’s own defense mechanisms, which will grow stronger and lead that person’s organism to self-healing.

The healing depends mostly on the organism’s level of health when the illness occurs. If the organism is in one of the A and B groups (levels 1-6), one can get to healing by the administration of either one or a succession of 2, 3, 4 correct homeopathic remedies. If the organism is in one of the C and D groups (levels 7-12), the chances of healing are limited. In these cases, we can only ease the patient’s suffering, or, if the patient is in the C group, climb up the level of health and even reach healing by the correct administration of several remedies, but during a longer period of time.

Despite complex and correctly performed therapeutic efforts, the elderly patient did not regain consciousness and was still in a deep coma in the fourteenth day postoperatory, without having a confirmed medical explanation.

At that point, the patient’s family requested a consult from a homeopathic specialist.

The homeopathic examination, which was performed on the fourteenth day postoperatively, revealed the following: old, comatose, tranquil patient, with pale and cold skin, with the need to uncover herself (the few movements that she made with her hands were to remove her blanket and clothes, as if she felt “thirst for air”), abdominal distension, and bloating. 

The symptoms taken into account in the case of this elderly patient were the unconsciousness, the pale skin, the cyanotic lips and finger tips, the “thirst for air” − the wish to uncover herself even if the body temperature was low, the abdominal distension. The remedy of choice for these symptoms was Carbo vegetabilis, a remedy known for its usefulness in critical situations, having as a starting point especially circulatory-cardiac problems.

The patient’s condition improved in a spectacular manner: she regained consciousness. However, she was in a state of extreme physical exhaustion caused by the simple acts of talking, eating, or slightly moving her limbs. That state led to the administration of the following remedy: Stanum metallicum. It is a remedy known for its usefulness in extreme physical exhaustion states, where even the slightest efforts lead to the patient feeling __I__. 

However, in this case, considering the patient’s medical history, her age, and her multiple illnesses, homeopathy was used as a complementary treatment to the classical, allopathic treatment the patient underwent, its primary purpose being to aid the body in activating its own healing mechanisms. 

Considering the severity of a postoperative complication such as coma and the impact it has not only on the patient, but also on the patient’s family, we believe that the case we presented should bring a new light on the use of complementary therapy such as homeopathy as a viable solution in the management of the patients suffering from severe conditions.

(Adapted from Journal of Medicine and Life, 2017 Apr-Jun; 10(2): 118-121)

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👉 Questão  73 :
De acordo com o texto,
a) a homeopatia pode promover a autocura mesmo em casos de saúde muito precária (grupos C e D).
b) a recuperação completa da paciente exigiu um tratamento homeopático prolongado.
c) a homeopatia, associada a práticas alopáticas, foi eficaz no tratamento do coma pós-operatório.
d) o tratamento homeopático só surtiu efeito após ser administrado o segundo medicamento.
e) o tratamento alopático pode ser substituído pelo homeopático em casos de coma prolongado.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
De acordo com o texto,
*Alternativa (A): a homeopatia pode promover a autocura mesmo em casos de saúde muito precária (grupos C e D).
*Alternativa (B): a recuperação completa da paciente exigiu um tratamento homeopático prolongado.
*Alternativa (C): a homeopatia, associada a práticas alopáticas, foi eficaz no tratamento do coma pós-operatório.
*Alternativa (D): o tratamento homeopático só surtiu efeito após ser administrado o segundo medicamento.
*Alternativa (E): o tratamento alopático pode ser substituído pelo homeopático em casos de coma prolongado.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL no 2º parágrafo:
"[...] This article presents a case of an 81-year old female patient with many severe illnesses, who recovered from a prolonged postoperative coma with the aid of homeopathy."
(Este artigo apresenta um caso de uma paciente de 81 anos com muitas doenças graves, que se recuperou de um coma pós-operatório prolongado com o auxílio da homeopatia.)
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👉 Questão  74 :
Preenche a lacuna I corretamente:
a) better.
b) best.
c) worst.
d) worse.
e) the worst.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*Alternativa (A): better.(comparativo de superioridade de good)
*Alternativa (B): best.(superlativo)
*Alternativa (C): worst.(superlativo)
*Alternativa (D): worse.(comparativo de superioridade de bad)
*Alternativa (E): the worst.(superlativo)
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL no 2º parágrafo:
"[...] where even the slightest efforts lead to the patient feeling worse"
(onde até mesmo os mínimos esforços levam o paciente a sentir-se pior)
➦DICA: todo adjetivo com "st" ➝ superlativo.
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👉 Questão  75 :
O primeiro exame homeopático da paciente revelou
a) incapacidade de movimentar-se.
b) sensação de falta de ar.
c) constipação.
d) apatia profunda.
e) fadiga extrema.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
O primeiro exame homeopático da paciente revelou
*Alternativa (A): incapacidade de movimentar-se.
*Alternativa (B): sensação de falta de ar.
*Alternativa (C): constipação.
*Alternativa (D): apatia profunda.
*Alternativa (E): fadiga extrema.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL no 7º parágrafo:
"[...] The homeopathic examination, which was performed on the fourteenth day postoperatively, revealed the following: old, comatose, tranquil patient, with pale and cold skin, with the need to uncover herself (the few movements that she made with her hands were to remove her blanket and clothes, as if she felt “thirst for air”), abdominal distension, and bloating."
(O exame homeopático, realizado no décimo quarto dia de pós-operatório, revelou o seguinte: paciente idosa, em coma, tranquila, com pele pálida e fria, com necessidade de se descobrir (os poucos movimentos que fez com as mãos foram para removê-la cobertor e roupas, como se sentisse “sede de ar”), distensão abdominal e inchaço.)
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Atenção: Para responder às questões de números 76 a 78, considere o texto abaixo.
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Environmental factors influencing the risk of autism
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Padideh Karimi, Elahe Kamali, Seyyed Mohammad Mousavi, and Mojgan Karahmadi
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Autism described by Asperger (in 1938) and Kanner (in 1943) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder and belongs to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), including autism, Asperger syndrome, Rett syndrome, unidentified pervasive developmental disorders, and childhood disintegrative disorder (CDD).

Autism is four to five times more common among boys than girls. The most prominent clinical and phenotypic features of autism are extensive disabilities in social and behavioral communications, language impairment or inability to speak, and strong tendency toward stereotyped and repetitive patterns of behavior. Regarding statistical reports, the prevalence of autism had increased from 4-5 cases per 10,000 children in 1980s to 30–60 cases in 1990s, and through an astonishing increase, there are about 8.0 per 1000 children aged 8 years in 2004 and 9.0 per 1000 in 2006 or 1 in every 110 children aged 8 years in 2006. In 2012, a combined ASD prevalence of 11.3 per 1000 children aged 8 years or 1 in 88 children was published by the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network.

With regard to its progressive increase over the last two decades, and lack of effective treatment, and moreover, the difficulties imposed on the society and families of autistic children, the importance of investigation on causes of this disease and an effort to prevent it become clear. Studies of identical twins and lack of complete concordance among them and excessive genetic studies with no conclusive results unveil the importance of environmental risk factors and their role in the etiology of autism. Hence, the interactions between susceptible genes and environmental factors have been proposed as the major mechanism of autism etiology.

None of the environmental factors, however, is sufficient to yield autism, but rather a collection of them can be involved in its incidence. These can be divided into prenatal, natal, and postnatal risk factors.

Advanced parental age (particularly paternal age) has been identified as one of the most important prenatal risk factors of autism. In many studies, maternal and paternal age older than or equal to 34 years has been found associated with increased risk of autism in their offspring; however, in other studies, the relationship between child autism and the age of both parents or even the age of one parent is rejected. Intriguingly, the relationship between increased risk of autism and elevated paternal age has been approved in most studies.

Particularly, a study was conducted among Iranian people in 2010 to explore the presence or absence of association between parental age and risk of autism. Based on this study, autism risk increases by 29% for every 10-year elevation in fathers’ age. In other words, fathers aged between 34 and 39 had a nearly two-fold greater risk, and those who are older than 40 have more than two-fold (2.58) greater risk to have an affected child in comparison to ones aged 25-29 years old. In other studies in Japan and China, similar relationships were explored between paternal age and increased risk of autism. Lack of any correlation between maternal age and susceptibility of autism in these three mentioned studies has critical importance.

Studies involving maternal age have shown that being small for gestational age can increase the risk of autism due to lack of physical maturity, inability, and poor maternal cares. Mothers who are younger than 20 may be exposed to intrauterine growth retardation of fetus and preterm birth, which are both associated with increased risk of autism.

(Adapted from Journal of Research in Medical Sciences 2017; 22:27)

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👉 Questão  76 :
De acordo com o texto,
a) pesquisas atuais apontam para possibilidades de tratamento eficaz para o autismo desde que iniciado até os 8 anos de idade.
b) estudos com gêmeos idênticos confirmaram a relevância de fatores genéticos no desenvolvimento do autismo.
c) a relevância da genética na etiologia do autismo foi comprovada em estudos no Irã, na China e no Japão.
d) o autismo é um distúrbio do desenvolvimento neurológico de difícil diagnóstico.
e) o estado atual da pesquisa sobre a etiologia do autismo justifica que se estude o impacto de fatores ambientais no desenvolvimento desse transtorno.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
De acordo com o texto,
*Alternativa (A): pesquisas atuais apontam para possibilidades de tratamento eficaz para o autismo desde que iniciado até os 8 anos de idade.
*Alternativa (B): estudos com gêmeos idênticos confirmaram a relevância de fatores genéticos no desenvolvimento do autismo.
*Alternativa (C): a relevância da genética na etiologia do autismo foi comprovada em estudos no Irã, na China e no Japão.
*Alternativa (D): o autismo é um distúrbio do desenvolvimento neurológico de difícil diagnóstico.
*Alternativa (E): o estado atual da pesquisa sobre a etiologia do autismo justifica que se estude o impacto de fatores ambientais no desenvolvimento desse transtorno.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL no 1º parágrafo:
"[...] Studies of identical twins and lack of complete concordance among them and excessive genetic studies with no conclusive results unveil the importance of environmental risk factors and their role in the etiology of autism. Hence, the interactions between susceptible genes and environmental factors have been proposed as the major mechanism of autism etiology.
(Estudos de gêmeos idênticos e falta de concordância completa entre eles e estudos genéticos excessivos sem resultados conclusivos revelam a importância dos fatores de risco ambientais e seu papel na etiologia do autismo. Portanto, as interações entre genes suscetíveis e fatores ambientais têm sido propostas como o principal mecanismo da etiologia do autismo)
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👉 Questão  77 :
Segundo as informações do texto,
a) o autismo é apenas um dos transtornos do espectro autista.
b) a síndrome de Asperger é uma versão branda de autismo.
c) todos os transtornos do espectro autista têm em comum uma grave deficiência de socialização.
d) meninas são mais propensas a desenvolver autismo do que meninos.
e) a prevalência de autismo chegou a uma em cada 88 crianças de 8 anos de idade em 2012.
Resolução Lê-se no texto: “Autism described by Asperger (in 1938) and Kanner (in 1943) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder and belongs to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), including autism, ...”
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

Segundo as informações do texto,

*Alternativa (A): o autismo é apenas um dos transtornos do espectro autista.
*Alternativa (B): a síndrome de Asperger é uma versão branda de autismo.
*Alternativa (C): todos os transtornos do espectro autista têm em comum uma grave deficiência de socialização.
*Alternativa (D): meninas são mais propensas a desenvolver autismo do que meninos.
*Alternativa (E): a prevalência de autismo chegou a uma em cada 88 crianças de 8 anos de idade em 2012.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
"[...] Autism described by Asperger (in 1938) and Kanner (in 1943) is a severe neurodevelopmental disorder and belongs to autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), including autism,"
(O autismo descrito por Asperger (em 1938) e Kanner (em 1943) é um grave distúrbio do desenvolvimento neurológico e pertence aos transtornos do espectro do autismo (TEAs), incluindo o autismo) 
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👉 Questão  78 :
Studies have confirmed that
a) advanced parental age is definitely associated with an increased risk of the child developing autism.
b) parents over 34 years of age run a high risk of bearing an autistic child.
c) the older the father, the higher the risk of having an offspring with autism.
d) maternal age is of critical importance in preventing the birth of an autistic offspring.
e) the younger the mother, the lower the risk of an autistic offspring, except in the case of preterm birth.
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👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Estudos confirmaram que
*Alternativa (A): a idade avançada dos pais está definitivamente associada a um risco aumentado de a criança desenvolver autismo.
*Alternativa (B): pais com mais de 34 anos correm um alto risco de ter um filho autista.
*Alternativa (C): quanto mais velho o pai, maior o risco de ter um filho com autismo.
*Alternativa (D): a idade materna é de importância crítica na prevenção do nascimento de um filho autista.
*Alternativa (E): quanto mais jovem a mãe, menor o risco de um filho autista, exceto no caso de parto prematuro.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL :
"[...] Advanced parental age (particularly paternal age) has been identified as one of the most important prenatal risk factors of autism."
(A idade avançada dos pais (principalmente a idade paterna) foi identificada como um dos mais importantes fatores de risco pré-natal do autismo.)