❑ Welcome back to another post!
❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: UFU-2019-VESTIBULAR-2ª FASE-10/06/2019.
❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
➭ 4 Questions.
➭ Text (1) – | www.theguardian.com |
➭ Text (2) – This Woman Can Smell Parkinson's. It Might Help Lead To Earlier Treatment | http://blogs.discovermagazine.com |
➭ Text (3) – Maria's True Toll | Discover magazine |
➭ Text (4) – NASA's New Nuclear Reactor Could Change Space Exploration | http://discovermagazine.com |
❑ TEXT 1:
When Klara Dollan, then 22, woke up at 4 a.m. on the day she was due to start her new job, she
thought her agonising stomach cramps signalled her period being "back with a vengeance". She had
been taking the pill with no break for more than six months, but had stopped about two weeks before.
The waves of pain left her pale and shaking, but she didn’t feel she could call in sick on her first day
– so she took some paracetamol on her mother's advice, and caught the bus then the tube from the
home they shared in Cricklewood in north-west London into the city.
Hours later, Dollan was in Hampstead's Royal Free hospital, cradling a newborn baby girl: completely healthy and carried to term. Dollan had given birth by herself in the bathroom of her flat, after being sent home sick from work; a neighbour had heard her screams of labour and called an ambulance. When Dollan rang her mother and told her to come to the maternity ward, the reply was: "But you weren't pregnant this morning!"
"This is not a particularly unusual phenomenon," says Helen Cheyne, a professor of midwifery at the University of Stirling’s Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit in Glasgow. “It’s rare – but it’s not that rare.” In midwifery and obstetrics and gynaecology circles, she says, if you haven’t come across a cryptic pregnancy yourself, it is not unusual to know someone – or know someone who knows someone – who has.
Although the research is sparse – as one might expect, given the fundamental element of surprise – Cheyne says cryptic pregnancies have been recorded around the world, dating back centuries. In fact, it was more understandable when pregnancy diagnoses were dependent on indicators such as the loss of periods and nausea. With highly accurate modern tests, says Cheyne: "It’s very easy to diagnose pregnancy – if you expect to be pregnant.”
01 – (UFU-2019/2-VESTIBULAR)
Based on the text, answer the following questions.
(A) What is unusual about Klara Dollan’s medical history?
(B) How old is this phenomenon described in the text?
👍 Resposta (A)
What is unusual about Klara Dollan's medical history?
➦ What is unusual about Klara Dollan’s medical history was the fact that she had a cryptic pregnancy: she only knew she was pregnant when she gave birth.
👍 Resposta (B)
How old is this phenomenon described in the text?
➦ The phenomenon described in the text dates back centuries.
Hours later, Dollan was in Hampstead's Royal Free hospital, cradling a newborn baby girl: completely healthy and carried to term. Dollan had given birth by herself in the bathroom of her flat, after being sent home sick from work; a neighbour had heard her screams of labour and called an ambulance. When Dollan rang her mother and told her to come to the maternity ward, the reply was: "But you weren't pregnant this morning!"
"This is not a particularly unusual phenomenon," says Helen Cheyne, a professor of midwifery at the University of Stirling’s Nursing, Midwifery and Allied Health Professions Research Unit in Glasgow. “It’s rare – but it’s not that rare.” In midwifery and obstetrics and gynaecology circles, she says, if you haven’t come across a cryptic pregnancy yourself, it is not unusual to know someone – or know someone who knows someone – who has.
Although the research is sparse – as one might expect, given the fundamental element of surprise – Cheyne says cryptic pregnancies have been recorded around the world, dating back centuries. In fact, it was more understandable when pregnancy diagnoses were dependent on indicators such as the loss of periods and nausea. With highly accurate modern tests, says Cheyne: "It’s very easy to diagnose pregnancy – if you expect to be pregnant.”
Disponível em: <https://www.theguardian.com>. Acesso: 02 mar. 2019. Slightly edited.
RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM INGLÊS. RESPOSTAS EM PORTUGUÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.01 – (UFU-2019/2-VESTIBULAR)
Based on the text, answer the following questions.
(A) What is unusual about Klara Dollan’s medical history?
(B) How old is this phenomenon described in the text?
👍 Resposta (A)
What is unusual about Klara Dollan's medical history?
➦ What is unusual about Klara Dollan’s medical history was the fact that she had a cryptic pregnancy: she only knew she was pregnant when she gave birth.
👍 Resposta (B)
How old is this phenomenon described in the text?
➦ The phenomenon described in the text dates back centuries.
❑ TEXT 2:
This Woman Can Smell Parkinson's.
It Might Help Lead To Earlier Treatment
Parkinson's disease stinks. Figuratively. But according to new research, it literally stinks too — to those who have a heightened sense of smell. Thanks to the help of one of these “super-smellers,” a team of scientists has identified subtle volatile compounds produced by Parkinson’s sufferers. These compounds could be used to make much easier, and earlier, diagnostics for the disease.
There is no cure. Diagnosis is tricky, too: There’s no simple test. Once a patient has started to express some of the physical symptoms, it takes complicated brain imaging to confirm that certain brain cells — the neurons that produce dopamine — have been damaged or destroyed. But a much simpler test might be on the way, according to recent research in ACS Science. Volatile compounds in sebum — the oily substance produced on your face and back — might soon be used to identify the disease.
Lead author on the study, Perdita Barran, says she first learned about the “woman who can smell Parkinson’s” from her colleague Tito Kunath at the University of Edinburgh. They tracked her down. She was Joy Milne, a retired nurse living in Perth, a town near Edinburgh. Decades earlier, Milne had noticed a sudden onset of a strange odor in her now-late husband. He was diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease many years later. Milne is what’s known as a “super smeller,” a person with exceptional sense of smell.
In the end, they were able to separate and identify the compounds found in sebum using what’s called gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). They used Milne’s abilities to confirm the right combination of chemicals which, on a background of sebum-smell, make up “the smell of Parkinson’s.”
The team is now working on training dogs to home in on the scents, as well as developing machinated diagnostic tests that could identify the presence of the tell-tale compounds, called biomarkers. Whether a new diagnostic test from the biomarkers comes from canines, super-smelling nurses or laboratory machines, the scientists’ goal is the same: Diagnose Parkinson’s earlier — possibly years earlier than current methods.[…]
Disponível em: <http://blogs.discovermagazine.com>.
Acesso: 21 mar. 2019. Slightly edited.
RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM INGLÊS. RESPOSTAS EM PORTUGUÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.02 – (UFU-2019/2-VESTIBULAR)
Based on the text, answer the following questions.
A) How did Joy Milne contribute to this research on Parkinson’s?
B) What are some of the possible ways Parkinson’s disease may be detected in the future?
Maria's True Toll
Discover magazine. March 2019. Slightly edited.
Based on the text, answer the following questions.
A) How did Joy Milne contribute to this research on Parkinson’s?
B) What are some of the possible ways Parkinson’s disease may be detected in the future?
❑ TEXT 3:
By Anna Groves
Hurricane Maria devasted Puerto Rico in September 2017. The following December, the U.S.
territory’s local government reported an official death count of 64, while an analysis by the New York
Times suggested the storm claimed more than 1,000 lives. To determine how many lives Maria really
took, the Puerto Rican government contracted with a team of independent analysts at George
Washington University. They used the territory’s death records to find the typical death rate for each
month before the hurricane, back to July 2010. They then used that information to predict how many
people normally would have died in fall 2017 and compared that with the number of deaths reported
after Maria. They also analyzed how the storm affected different demographic groups on the island
and found that men who were age 65 and older and living in the least developed areas died at
disproportionately higher rates due to Maria. In total, Maria as responsible for 2,975 deaths – more
than Hurricane Katrina, which claimed 1,833 lives among the northern Gulf Coast in 2005.Discover magazine. March 2019. Slightly edited.
03 – (UFU-2019/2-VESTIBULAR)
RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM PORTUGUÊS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.
Based on the text, answer the following questions.
A) Why did the Puerto Rican government contract a team of independent analysts?
B) Compare the number of deaths between men and women or the number of deaths of men in the least developed areas with those living in more developed cities.
Now, experts at Los Alamos are pushing to get a high-power, next-generation nuclear reactor into space. Their best shot is called Kilopower: a reactor the size of a paper towel roll, enclosed in protective casing the size of a tall trash can, weighing around 900 pounds. It relies on splitting uranium atoms and generates up to one kilowatt of power — enough to run ten 43-inch LED TVs for an hour or, more practically, a rover like Opportunity, currently roaming Mars, for up to around six and a half hours.
Kilopower’s uranium fuel is much more abundant, but the real beauty of Kilopower is “how we glued it together,” says Poston. He and Patrick McClure, another Los Alamos nuclear engineer, found a way to repurpose existing parts into a new, streamlined technology. The reactor itself — where the atom-splitting actually happens — sits inside a heat pipe. Usually, heat pipes funnel out heat that’s a byproduct of radioactive decay. But Kilopower’s pipes trap that heat and use it to power one of several built-in engines that generates electricity. There are nuclear emissions as well, but it’s still a safe device: people can stand near it a few minutes at a time while it’s powered on, and while it’s turned off, it emits less radiation than what you’d inherently experience on Mars.
Poston and McClure just wrapped up a prototype phase to test the system’s potential. They put the current version through its paces with an array of simulated challenges — it passed with flying colors.
RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM PORTUGUÊS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.
Based on the text, answer the following questions.
A) Why did the Puerto Rican government contract a team of independent analysts?
B) Compare the number of deaths between men and women or the number of deaths of men in the least developed areas with those living in more developed cities.
❑ TEXT 4:
NASA's New Nuclear Reactor Could Change Space Exploration
The Kilopower reactor is tiny, and it could power the spacecraft of the future.
By John Wenz
The Kilopower reactor is tiny, and it could power the spacecraft of the future.
By John Wenz
Want to start a space colony? Even if you don’t, space agencies across the globe do. Whether it’s a moon
base now, à la the Trump administration’s plans for NASA, or a Mars landing later, such a colony will
need a lot of power. And given the possibility of light-obscuring dust storms on the Red Planet and the
moon seeing an uneven amount of sunlight, solar panels may not cut it. But don’t worry — Los Alamos
National Lab has a plan. It hinges on nuclear power, which, at its most basic, consists of harnessing
energy from radioactive elements. Often, this energy comes from a process called fission, when a neutron
rams through an atom’s nucleus, splitting it. A nuclear reactor houses this chaos and uses the resulting
heat to generate power.Now, experts at Los Alamos are pushing to get a high-power, next-generation nuclear reactor into space. Their best shot is called Kilopower: a reactor the size of a paper towel roll, enclosed in protective casing the size of a tall trash can, weighing around 900 pounds. It relies on splitting uranium atoms and generates up to one kilowatt of power — enough to run ten 43-inch LED TVs for an hour or, more practically, a rover like Opportunity, currently roaming Mars, for up to around six and a half hours.
Kilopower’s uranium fuel is much more abundant, but the real beauty of Kilopower is “how we glued it together,” says Poston. He and Patrick McClure, another Los Alamos nuclear engineer, found a way to repurpose existing parts into a new, streamlined technology. The reactor itself — where the atom-splitting actually happens — sits inside a heat pipe. Usually, heat pipes funnel out heat that’s a byproduct of radioactive decay. But Kilopower’s pipes trap that heat and use it to power one of several built-in engines that generates electricity. There are nuclear emissions as well, but it’s still a safe device: people can stand near it a few minutes at a time while it’s powered on, and while it’s turned off, it emits less radiation than what you’d inherently experience on Mars.
Poston and McClure just wrapped up a prototype phase to test the system’s potential. They put the current version through its paces with an array of simulated challenges — it passed with flying colors.
Disponível em: <http://discovermagazine.com/2019/mar/nasas-powerful-plan>. Acesso em 20 fev. 2019.
RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM PORTUGUÊS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.
04 – (UFU-2019/2-VESTIBULAR)
Based on the text, answer the following questions.
A) What are some of the positive characteristics of Kilopower?
B) Is the statement “Solar panels may be more efficient than Kilopower to generate energy in Mars” right or wrong? Justify your answer.
