UFU – 2017 – VESTIBULAR NACIONAL – 2ª FASE – DISCURSIVA – LÍNGUA INGLESA – UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE UBERLÂNDIA – PROVA.

❑ Welcome back to another post!

www.ingresso.ufu.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR-2ª FASE-DISCURSIVA-04/06/2017.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➭ 10 Multiple Choice Questions / 4 Options Each Question.

➭ Text (1) – | Coca-Cola Is Adding Fiber to Coke. Does That Make It Healthy? | http://time.com |

➭ Text (2) – | Ancient-human genomes plucked from cave dirt | www.nature.com |

➭ Text (3) – | Programming as a Way of Thinking | https://blogs.scientificamerican.com |

➭ Text (4) – Stressed out: providing laboratory animals with behavioral control to reduce the physiological effects of stress | www.labanimal.com |

❑ TEXT 1:

Coca-Cola Is Adding Fiber to Coke. Does That Make It Healthy? 

by Cynthia Sass

When I heard about Coca-Cola Plus, a zero-calorie Coke with added fiber, I thought it was an April Fool’s joke   somehow missed. Especially when the company claimed this ridiculous product is meant for a "health-conscious consumer."  

According to Coca-Cola, one Coke Plus a day — which is currently available only in Japan — can help "suppress fat absorption" and "moderate the levels of triglycerides in the blood." Even if a double-blind study comparing Coke Plus to a placebo supported these claims, I still wouldn’t recommend the soda. 

First of all, the added fiber is bundled with an artificial sweetener, and artificial sweeteners can wreak havoc in the body. Studies suggest they may increase sweet cravings, alter gut bacteria, potentially induce glucose intolerance, raise stroke and dementia risk, and modify metabolism in ways that increase body fat.
Disponível em: <http://time.com/4758424/coca-cola-plus-coke-fiber/?xid=homepage>. Acesso em: 24 abr. 2017. 
RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM INGLÊS. RESPOSTAS EM PORTUGUÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.

👉 1ª QUESTÃO      
Based on the text, answer the following questions: 
A) How would you describe Coca-Cola Plus?
B) What are some of the possible effects of artificial sweeteners in soft drinks?
👍 Resposta  (A) 
How would you describe Coca-Cola Plus?
➦
👍 Resposta  (B) 
What are some of the possible effects of artificial sweeteners in soft drinks?
➦

❑ TEXT 2:

Ancient-human genomes plucked from cave dirt

by Ewen Callaway

Bones and teeth aren’t the only ways to learn about extinct human relatives. For the first time, researchers have recovered ancient-human DNA without having obvious remains — just dirt from the caves the hominins lived in. The technique opens up a new way to probe prehistory. From sediments in European and Asian caves, a team led by geneticist Viviane Slon and molecular biologist Matthias Meyer, both at the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, sequenced genomes of cell structures called mitochondria from Neanderthals and another hominin group, the Denisovans.  

Slon and Meyer are not the first to decode ancient dirt. Palaeogeneticist Eske Willerslev of the Natural History Museum of Denmark in Copenhagen pioneered the approach in 2003, to find out about the plants and animals that populated prehistoric environments. Using the technique, he and his team revealed that Greenland was once richly forested. But Slon and Meyer are the first to use the technique on hominin DNA.

Disponível em:

http://www.nature.com/news/ancient-human-genomes-plucked-from-cave-dirt-1.21910>.

Acesso em: 24 abr. 2017.

RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM INGLÊS. RESPOSTAS EM PORTUGUÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.

👉 2ª QUESTÃO      

Based on the text, answer the following questions:  

A) What technique did the German scientists use to sequence genomes of the Denisovans?

B) How do the two discoveries mentioned in the text differ?
👍 Resposta  (A) 
What technique did the German scientists use to sequence genomes of the Denisovans?
➦
👍 Resposta  (B) 
How do the two discoveries mentioned in the text differ?
➦
❑ TEXT 3:

Programming as a Way of Thinking

by Allen Downey

In first generation languages like FORTRAN and C, the burden was on programmers to translate high-level concepts into code. With modern programming languages —  ’ll use Python as an example — we use functions, objects, modules, and libraries to extend the language, and that doesn’t just make programs better, it changes what programming is. 

Programming used to be about translation: expressing ideas in natural language, working with them in math notation, then writing flowcharts and pseudocode, and finally writing a program. Translation was necessary because each language offers different capabilities. Natural language is expressive and readable, pseudocode is more precise, math notation is concise, and code is executable. But the price of translation is that we are limited to the subset of ideas we can express effectively in each language.  

The power of modern programming languages is that they are expressive, readable, concise, precise, and executable. That means we can eliminate middleman languages and use one language to explore, learn, teach, and think.
Disponível em: <https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/programming-as-a-way-of-thinking/>. Acesso em: 28 Mar. 2017.
RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM PORTUGUÊS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.
👉 3ª QUESTÃO    
Based on the text, answer the following questions:
A) What steps did first generation programmers have to follow in order to write a program? 
B) What makes modern programming languages more efficient?
👍 Resposta  (A) 
What steps did first generation programmers have to follow in order to write a program?
➦
👍 Resposta  (B) 
What makes modern programming languages more efficient?
➦
❑ TEXT 4:

Stressed out: providing laboratory animals with behavioral control to reduce the physiological effects of stress

by Brianna N. Gaskill and Joseph P. Garner

Laboratory animals experience a large amount of environmental stress. An animal’s environment can include both physiological and social stressors that may require an animal to adapt to maintain allostatic balance. For example, thermal stress can lead to changes in behavior, reproduction and immune function, which has been detrimental to cancer modeling in mice. Chronic uncontrollable stress is widely acknowledged for its negative alterations to physiology. However, there is a lack in the understanding of how the laboratory environment affects animal physiology and behavior, particularly as it relates to characteristics of the human disease being modeled. Given the evidence on how stressors affect physiology, it is clear that efforts to model human physiology in animal models must consider animal stress as a confounding factor. We present evidence illustrating that providing captive animals with control or predictability is the best way to reduce the negative physiological effects of these difficult-to-manage stressors.
Disponível em: <http://www.labanimal.com/laban/journal/v46/n4/pdf/laban.1218.pdf>. Acesso em: 28 Mar. 2017.
RESPONDA A QUESTÃO EM PORTUGUÊS. RESPOSTAS EM INGLÊS NÃO SERÃO ACEITAS.
👉 4ª QUESTÃO      
Based on the text, answer the following questions: 
A) Why do Gaskill and Garner consider important to study physiological effects of stress on laboratory animals?
B) Is the statement “Gaskill and Garner believe environmental stress can be eliminated in laboratory animals", right or wrong? Justify your answer.

👍 Resposta  (A) 
Why do Gaskill and Garner consider important to study physiological effects of stress on laboratory animals?
➦
👍 Resposta  (B) 
Is the statement “Gaskill and Garner believe environmental stress can be eliminated in laboratory animals", right or wrong? Justify your answer.
➦

UFU/2017 – VESTIBULAR NACIONAL – 1ª FASE – LÍNGUA INGLESA – UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE UBERLÂNDIA – PROVA COM GABARITO.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR-1ª FASE-06/05/2017.

www.ingresso.ufu.br

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 7 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 4 Options Each Question.

• Texto (1) – | Could Eating a Second Breakfast Help You Lose Weight? | www.rd.com |

• Texto (2) – | SpaceX successfully launches secret government spy satellite ! First stage of Falcon 9 rocket lands back at Cape Canaveral | www.cbc.ca |

• Texto (3) – | Tirinha | callouscomics.com |

• Texto (4) – | Rare 'Coffin Birth' Found in Black Death Burial Site | seeker.com |

• Texto (5) – | seeker.com |

• Texto (6) – | Most Teens Take a Voluntary Week-Long Break From Social Media | http://time.com |

• Texto (7) –  | Facebook's Wild Vision for the Future | http://time.com |

❑ TEXTO 1:

Could Eating a Second Breakfast Help You Lose Weight?

by Alexa Erickson

Breakfast is the most important meal of the day, right? So why not have two? There’s a growing trend promoting a “second breakfast” as a weight-loss mechanism. The idea: If you eat more in the morning, you’ll be less likely to snack at night, when, according to research, it’s harder to burn off calories. Now there’s research adding weight to this claim. 

A study conducted by researchers at Yale and the University of Connecticut suggests that eating something small to jump-start your metabolism followed by a slightly larger meal an hour or two later can keep you satiated until lunchtime and help prevent overeating throughout the rest of the day. The study, published in the journal Pediatric Obesity, tracked the weight and breakfast-eating patterns of students from 12 randomly selected urban area schools over the course of two years. The team looked at six different eating patterns: frequent breakfast skippers, inconsistent school eaters, inconsistent home eaters, frequent school eaters, frequent home eaters, and double-breakfast eaters. They found that it was the frequent breakfast skippers who showed increased odds of becoming overweight or obese compared to the double-breakfast eaters. 

Disponível em: <http://www.rd.com/health/diet-weight-loss/could-eating-second-breakfast-help-you-lose-weight/>. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017.

36 – (UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR)

De acordo com o texto, 

I. tomar café da manhã em duas etapas parece ajudar a perder peso.
II. pessoas que não tomam café com frequência tendem a ser magras.
III. este estudo avalia hábitos alimentares de 12 grupos de estudantes.
IV. os pesquisadores acham que é mais difícil perder peso à noite.
V. aqueles que comem mais de manhã tendem a comer menos à noite. 
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas. 
A) I e V
B) I e II
C) III e IV
D) II e V

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

❑ TEXTO 2:

SpaceX successfully launches secret government spy satellite

First stage of Falcon 9 rocket lands back at Cape Canaveral 

SpaceX launched a top-secret spy satellite for the U.S. government Monday morning and then successfully landed the booster for recycling. The unmanned Falcon 9 rocket lifted off from its NASA-leased pad at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. It was SpaceX's first mission for the National Reconnaissance Office. No details were divulged about the newly launched NRO satellite. Instead, SpaceX focused its webcast on the successful touchdown of the first-stage booster. The leftover booster — its job done — landed at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station several minutes after liftoff. Sonic booms rattled the area, serving as a Monday morning wake-up call. Across the country, cheers erupted at SpaceX Mission Control at company headquarters in Hawthorne, California. SpaceX strives to return most of its boosters for reuse.  

The company's first recycled rocket flew last month. This was the fourth SpaceX booster landing at Cape Canaveral; even more have landed on ocean platforms. 

Disponível em: <http://www.cbc.ca/news/technology/spacex-launches-spy-satellite-1.4093085>.

Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017.

❑ TRADUÇÃO - TEXTO 2:

SpaceX successfully launches secret government spy satellite

SpaceX lança com sucesso satélite espião secreto do governo

First stage of Falcon 9 rocket lands back at Cape Canaveral

1º estágio do foguete Falcon 9 pousa no Cabo Canaveral 

SpaceX launched a top-secret spy satellite for the U.S. government Monday morning and then successfully landed the booster for recycling. A SpaceX lançou um satélite espião ultrassecreto para o governo dos EUA na manhã de segunda-feira e, em seguida, pousou com sucesso o foguete reciclável.

The unmanned Falcon 9 rocket lifted off from its NASA-leased pad at Kennedy Space Center in Florida. O foguete não tripulado Falcon 9 decolou de sua plataforma alugada pela NASA no Kennedy Space Center, na Flórida.

It was SpaceX's first mission for the National Reconnaissance Office. Foi a primeira missão da SpaceX para o National Reconnaissance Office.

No details were divulged about the newly launched NRO satellite. – Nenhum detalhe foi divulgado sobre o recém-lançado satélite NRO.

Instead, SpaceX focused its webcast on the successful touchdown of the first-stage booster. Em vez disso, a SpaceX concentrou seu webcast no pouso bem-sucedido do foguete do primeiro estágio.

The leftover booster — its job done — landed at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station several minutes after liftoff. O foguete restante – seu trabalho cumprido – pousou na Estação da Força Aérea de Cabo Canaveral vários minutos após a decolagem.

Sonic booms rattled the area, serving as a Monday morning wake-up call. Explosões sônicas sacudiram a área, servindo como um alerta na manhã de segunda-feira.

Across the country, cheers erupted at SpaceX Mission Control at company headquarters in Hawthorne, California. Em todo o país, aplausos explodiram no Controle da Missão SpaceX na sede da empresa em Hawthorne, Califórnia.

SpaceX strives to return most of its boosters for reuse. A SpaceX se esforça para devolver a maioria de seus propulsores para reutilização.

The company's first recycled rocket flew last month. O primeiro foguete reutilizável da empresa voou no mês passado.

This was the fourth SpaceX booster landing at Cape Canaveral; even more have landed on ocean platforms. Este foi o quarto pouso do foguete da SpaceX no Cabo Canaveral; ainda mais pousaram em plataformas oceânicas. 

37 – (UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR)

According to the text, 

I. SpaceX is a technology company which launches satellites.

II. Falcon 9 is a new top-secret U.S. government spy satellite.

III. present technology allows for the use of recycled rockets.

IV. the satellite was launched in secrecy from Hawthorne, California.

V. NRO and SpaceX have worked on previous satellite projects.

 
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.

A) I e III
B) II e IV
C) III e V
D) I e IV

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  
TÓPICO - RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

De acordo com o texto,

I. SpaceX is a technology company which launches satellites. SpaceX é uma empresa de tecnologia que lança satélites (CORRETA)

II. Falcon 9 is a new top-secret U.S. government spy satellite. Falcon 9 é um novo satélite espião ultrassecreto do governo dos EUA. (ERRADA)

* Falcon 9 é um foguete não tripulado, de dois estágios desenvolvido e fabricado pela empresa SpaceX. Projetado para ser reutilizável, o que significa que seus componentes principais podem ser recuperados e reutilizados em múltiplos lançamentos, reduzindo custos. A SpaceX tem usado o Falcon 9 para uma variedade de lançamentos comerciais, governamentais e científicos, contribuindo para o acesso mais acessível e eficiente ao espaço.

III. present technology allows for the use of recycled rockets. a tecnologia atual permite o uso de foguetes reutilizáveis. (CORRETA)

IV. the satellite was launched in secrecy from Hawthorne, California. o satélite foi lançado em segredo de Hawthorne, Califórnia. (ERRADA)

V. NRO and SpaceX have worked on previous satellite projects. NRO e SpaceX trabalharam em projetos anteriores de satélites. (ERRADA)

❑ TEXT 3:

Disponível em: <http://www.callouscomics.com/index/14-november-2014>. Acesso em: 22 abr. 2017.

 

38 – (UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR)

Sobre a tirinha, pode-se concluir que o homem 

(A) imagina que sua apresentação será ruim.
(B) participará de um casamento importante.
(C) usa terno e gravata com muita frequência.
(D) receberá um presente em uma cerimônia.

 👍  Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - INFERÊNCIA, ELEMENTOS VERBAIS E NÃO VERBAIS, EXPRESSÃO IDIOMÁTICA:

• TRADUÇÃO DA TIRINHA:

➧ 1º QUADRINHO:

➭ MULHER: Hey what's with the suit? – Ei, o que há com o terno?

➭ HOMEM: I'm presenting a report! – Vou apresentar um relatório.

➧ 2º QUADRINHO:

➭ HOMEM: I believe that this makes me appear more prepared and confident in my presentation!  – Eu acredito que isso me faz parecer mais preparado e confiante na minha apresentação!

➭ MULHER: Ooo!" – Ahh.

➧ 3º QUADRINHO: 

➭ MULHER: So what are you going to say in your report? – Então, o que você vai dizer no seu relatório?

➭ HOMEM: I have no idea! – Eu não tenho nenhuma ideia!

➧ 4º QUADRINHO:

➭ MULHER: What?!! – O quê?!!

➭ HOMEM: I'm going to crash and burn but I'll look good! – Vou me dar mal, mas vou estar bonito!

• IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Na cena, os comentários "I have no Idea" e "I'm going to crash and burn " sinalizam que o homem imagina que sua apresentação será ruim.

• CRASH AND BURN (idiom): SE DAR MAL, FALHAR COMPLETAMENTE.

https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com/crash+and+burn

❑ TEXT 4:

Rare 'Coffin Birth' Found in Black Death Burial Site

by Rossella Lorenzi

Researchers investigating a 14th century burial ground have identified a rare case of "coffin birth" - a gruesome phenomenon in which a deceased pregnant woman's fetus is expelled within the grave. The event, which has seldom been reported in archaeology, is known as postmortem fetal extrusion. It results from a build-up of gas pressure within the decomposing body. "In this case, we have a partial expulsion of a 38- to 40-week-old fetus, which was found to be complete and to lie within the birth canal," Deneb Cesana, at the University of Genova, told Seeker.

Disponível em: <https://www.seeker.com/coffin-birth-found-in-black-death-burial-2333620306.html>. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017.

39 – (UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR)
Com base no texto, é correto afirmar que 
A) extrusão fetal após a morte é um fenômeno comum.
B) os arqueólogos desconhecem a possível causa das mortes.
C) houve expulsão do feto, mesmo após morte da mãe.
D) Seeker é um dos membros da equipe de arqueólogos.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Com base no texto, é correto afirmar que 
A) extrusão fetal após a morte é um fenômeno comum.
B) os arqueólogos desconhecem a possível causa das mortes.
C) houve expulsão do feto, mesmo após morte da mãe.
D) Seeker é um dos membros da equipe de arqueólogos.

❑ TEXT 5:

Surgeons Conduct Head Transplants on Rats, Say Humans Are Next After 14 head transplants on rats, a pair of surgeons say they will attempt a human head transplant in the next 10 months in China.

by Eva Hershaw

Chinese scientists have transplanted the head of a donor rat onto the back of a host body, creating an equally garish and impressive two-headed rat that may offer insights into the viability of an eventual human head transplant.

The process, which was done by way of a rat triad, which included a donor, recipient, and blood supply rat, provided a continuous blood supply to the donor brain throughout the transplant, avoiding brain tissue hypothermia — a condition where the brain suffers in absence of a blood supply. The problem has long been one of the major barriers to carrying out a successful head transplant in animal specimens. 

Disponível em: <https://www.seeker.com/health/medicine/surgeons-conduct-head-transplants-on-rats-sayhumans-are-next>. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017. 

40 – (UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR)
Com base no texto, é possível afirmar que  
I. um transplante de cabeça foi realizado em ratos.
II. cientistas planejam transplantar cabeça em humanos.
III. o rato que recebeu o transplante não sobreviveu.
IV. o rato teve sua cabeça substituída por uma outra.
V. dois ratos foram usados no procedimento descrito. 
Assinale a alternativa que apresenta apenas afirmativas corretas.  
A) II e IV
B) III e V
C) I e V
D) I e II
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

❑ TEXT 6:

Most Teens Take a Voluntary Week-Long Break From Social Media

by Barbara Ortutay

The common stereotype has teens glued to their phones 24-7. But nearly 60 percent of teens in the U.S. have actually taken a break from social media — the bulk of them voluntarily, a new survey found. The poll, from The Associated Press-NORC Center for Public Affairs Research, surveyed teens aged 13 to 17 and found that most value the feeling of connection with friends and family that social media provides. A much smaller number associate it with negative emotions, such as being overwhelmed or needing to always show their best selves. The survey, released Thursday, found that teens' social media breaks are typically a week or longer, and that boys are more likely to take longer breaks. 
Disponível em: <http://time.com/4758172/teenagers-social-media-break-survey/>. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017.
41 – (UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR)
De acordo com o texto, pode-se inferir que  
A) jovens entre 24 e 27 anos tendem a usar as redes sociais com mais intensidade.
B) adolescentes entre 13 e 17 anos preferem manter contatos mediados pela tecnologia.
C) poucos foram os adolescentes entrevistados que "tiraram férias" das redes sociais.
D) os meninos sentem mais necessidade de se manter conectados que as meninas.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
De acordo com o texto, pode-se inferir que  
A) jovens entre 24 e 27 anos tendem a usar as redes sociais com mais intensidade.
B) adolescentes entre 13 e 17 anos preferem manter contatos mediados pela tecnologia.
C) poucos foram os adolescentes entrevistados que "tiraram férias" das redes sociais.
D) os meninos sentem mais necessidade de se manter conectados que as meninas. 

❑ TEXT 7:

INNOVATIONS

Facebook's Wild Vision for the Future

by Lisa Eadicicco

Regina Dugan, Facebook's vice president of engineering and head of its secretive Building 8, the future is full of revolutionary technologies that will enable us to communicate without typing keys, tapping screens, or even talking. 

Dressed in a dark Steve Jobs-like turtleneck, Dugan announced Wednesday that Facebook has a team of 60 people working on a computer interface powered by the human brain. The system would be capable of "typing" 100 words per minute by decoding users' neural activity, which is five times faster than we're able to type on smartphones. Facebook says the technology could be useful as an input tool for augmented reality devices, or as an aide for people with communication disorders. 

Disponível em: <http://time.com/4747050/facebook-f8-day-2-keynote/>. Acesso em: 23 abr. 2017.

42 – (UFU-2017/2-VESTIBULAR)
Com base no texto, pode-se afirmar que o Facebook 
A) apresentará tecnologia para competir com as inovações da Apple de Steve Jobs.
B) planeja utilizar tecnologia de realidade aumentada em seus novos equipamentos.
C) pretende resolver o problema de acessibilidade enfrentado por deficientes visuais.
D) está desenvolvendo tecnologia que substituirá a necessidade de digitar mensagens.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Com base no texto, pode-se afirmar que o Facebook 
A) apresentará tecnologia para competir com as inovações da Apple de Steve Jobs.
B) planeja utilizar tecnologia de realidade aumentada em seus novos equipamentos.
C) pretende resolver o problema de acessibilidade enfrentado por deficientes visuais.
D) está desenvolvendo tecnologia que substituirá a necessidade de digitar mensagens.