UECE-2009/2-VESTIBULAR 2ª FASE da Universidade Estadual do Ceará - Prof° Valdenor Sousa - Prova de INGLÊS com gabarito e Questões Comentada.

Welcome back to another post!

➧NESTE POST: PROVA de INGLÊS da UECE-2009/2-2ª FASE-VESTIBULAR, prova aplicada em 12/07/2009.

➧BANCA/ORGANIZADOR:

• UECE - Universidade Estadual do Ceará.

• CEV - Comissão Executiva do Vestibular.

➧LEITURA de textos de jornais digitais, revistas, websites, é um excelente treino para a prova.

➧PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA:

• It consists of 20 multiple-choice questions(A,B,C,D).

➧TÓPICOS ABORDADOS ao longo da prova:

1-VERBS:

• [ = ]

2-PHRASAL VERBS - USES:

• [ = ]

3-PERFECT TENSE - USES:

• [ = ]

4-MODAL VERBS - USES:

• [ = ]

5-NOUN:

• [ = ]

6-ADJECTIVES:

• [ = ]

7-ADVERBS:

• [ = ]

8-ADJECTIVE PHRASES(Adjective+noun):

• [ = ]

9-IDIOMS(Expressões Idiomáticas):

• [ = ]

10-COLLOCATIONS:

• [ = ]

11-TECHNICAL ENGLISH(Military English, Business English, Finance English, Legal English, Tax English, Customs English and so on):

• [ = ]

12-REFERENCE WORDS(These words allow the writer to avoid repeating words, paragraphs and sometimes whole sentences):

• [ = ]

13-GENITIVE CASE:

• [ = ]

14-FALSE COGNATES:

• [ = ]

Vamos à Prova:

TEXTO:

Imaginative works have been written in English for over a thousand years, and, in historical terms, most of them are primarily the heritage of England. As with the language itself, such literature can be divided into Old, Middle, and Modern periods, the modern phase subdividing conveniently into compartments whose labels relate to monarchs (Tudor, Elizabethan, Jacobean, Victorian), cultural phases and assumptions (Augustan, Romantic, Modernist, etc.), and, most recently, varieties (American Literature, Indian English Literature, etc.).

Texts from Anglo-Saxon times survive in the late manuscript form; their composition can seldom be certainly dated and their authorship is often unknown. They are among the oldest specimens of literature in a European vernacular. The longest and finest work, the heroic poem Beowulf, is known only in a manuscript of c.1000, and tells in alliterative verse a story concerning Germanic speakers of the Baltic, where the earliest forms of English originated. Like much other Old English poetry, it contains traces of oral creation. The heroic tradition includes The Battle of Maldon, written soon after the battle against the Danes (991) which it celebrates. There are also elegiac and reflective poems, including ‘The Wanderer’ and the 'The Seafarer', that may date from the 7c.

Old English prose consisted of translations from Latin and such records as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle begun in 890 under the direction of King Alfred of Wessex and continuing until 1154. It records the principal events of contemporary history, and is an important witness to the development of English over the period. Most extant Old English Literature is in West Saxon; few traces remain from the earlier Northumbrian, except such short pieces as the ‘Hymn of Caedmon’ c(670). After the Norman Conquest (1066), English was subordinate to Latin as the language of learning and religion and the Norman French of court and government. Surviving manuscripts show that poems were being written in English from the 12c onwards; many are fragmentary, but there are lyrics and verse romances that attest to a vigorous culture, embodying the pre-Conquest history and legends, as in the 13c poem ‘Havelok the Dane’. Gradual changes in the language, and the adoption of rhymed metrical verse in place of the Old English alliterative measure, can be traced through the early medieval period.

In the 14c, English emerged as a new language with few inflections and a strong admixture of French vocabulary. Chaucer moved from a close imitation of French and Italian poetry to write the Canterbury Tales (c.1387), whose styles often vary according to the teller of tale. He wrote in the East Midland dialect, which in due course became the standard literary language. In the West Midland dialect, there was a revival of alliterative verse: Langland (14c) wrote Piers Plowman, a long moral and political allegory with glimpses of contemporary life; and an unknown poet or poets produced the allegorical Pearl and the romance Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. At the same time, vernacular prose was developing: mainly the 14c homiletic and theological work of Richard Rolle, John Wycliffe, and others.

Drama appeared in the mystery plays, whose extant cycles come mainly from the Midlands and the North of England, and provide evidence of the speech of the period. The Arthurian legends that had inspired many lays and romances were collected by Thomas Malory (15c) in Morte D’Arthur, whose prose style varies with the sources from which he draws but reflects a sense of assurance. The mystery plays continued to be acted into the 16c, but a new type, the allegorical

morality play, in which characters are personified

virtues and vices, was a precursor of later secular

drama.

In early Tudor England, the influence of the Italian Renaissance showed in the poetry of Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, including the use of the sonnet. A rougher, more satirical native tradition was carried on by John Skelton (c.1460-1529), who praised and sometimes imitated earlier writers, while recognizing that their language was oldfashioned, at the same time regarding contemporary English as unstable and inadequate for a poet.

The printer William Caxton shared this concern. He was aware that printing made a standard literary language preferable and it was largely through the efforts of printers that written English had by the 17c become more uniform. In the later 16c, English came to be more fully accepted as a medium in which the traditional genres could be written, but many scholars distrusted its stability and continued to use Latin for their treatises. The vitality of Elizabethan writing owed much to both free borrowings from ancient and modern tongues.

The supreme achievement of the late 16c and early 17c was drama performed by an organized profession in permanent theatres. The primacy of William Shakespeare should not overshadow the work of his contemporaries: pioneers of a new type of dramatic tragedy that used neither Biblical nor classical subjects included Thomas Kyd and Christopher Marlowe (1564—93). The drama showed that literary English could be spoken effectively for public purposes, in blank verse and in prose.

In the first half of the 17c, a time of struggle between Parliament and King, lyrics in the classical manner of Jonson were written by Cavalier (Royalist) poets. A distinctive new kind of poetry was labeled metaphysical by Samuel Johnson from its concern with philosophical and theological issues. It is characterized by elaborate use of language with unexpected images and quaint conceits: elaborate and extended metaphors or similes. The leading metaphysical poet was John Donne, powerful in erotic and devotional poetry and using similar language and figures for both.

John Milton, regarded by many as the greatest poet of the century, was both Puritan and Parliamentarian, his early poetry (lyrical, pastoral, and elegiac) veiling his austerity in delicate, even sensuous language. His greatest work was the Christian epic Paradise Lost (1671).

The beginnings of the novel can be seen in the narratives of Aphra Behn and Daniel Defoe. John Bunyan in Pilgrims’s Progress (1678, 1684) combined narrative allegory with Biblical themes and cadences. The old open-air theatres, closed through Puritan pressures in 1642, were reopened with indoor stages, presenting mainly witty and satirical comedies of manners, in prose that remained elegant even when its content was coarse and scurrilous.

For over a century after the Restoration, the heroic couplet was the dominant poetic form, which Dryden and Pope used to write largely satirical and polemical works. Because of its attention to classical principles and the craft of verse, the period has been called neo-classical or Augustan. However, the most important literary development of the 18c was neither poetical nor classical. Within a few decades, the novel was fully established, with the work of Samuel Richardson, Henry Fielding, Tobias Smollet, and Laurence Stern. Continuous narrative, divided into long chapters and paragraphs, incorporated representations of speech from different registers, classes, and dialects, bringing the full resources of the language into literary use.

      Questão   01 

Shifts in terms of style in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales are frequently dependent on the

A) main character's point of view.

B) character types involved in the story.

C) narrator of the story.

D) author's voice and mood.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   C 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
Mudanças em termos de estilo nos Canterbury Tales de Chaucer são freqüentemente dependentes do...
•Afirmativa (A): ponto de vista do personagem principal.
•Afirmativa (B): tipos de personagens envolvidos na história.
•Afirmativa (C): narrador da história.
•Afirmativa (D): voz e humor do autor.
➽ O texto relata no 4º parágrafo:
"[...] Chaucer moved from a close imitation of French and Italian poetry to write the Canterbury Tales (c.1387), whose styles often vary according to the teller of tale."
(Chaucer mudou de uma imitação próxima da poesia francesa e italiana para escrever os Contos de Canterbury (c.1387), cujos estilos freqüentemente variam de acordo com o contador de histórias.)

      Questão   02 

Literary works written in English are said to be part of the most ancient texts registered in a

A) Germanic dialect.

B) romance language.

C) dialect derived from Norman French.

D) European language.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   D 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL(European language=European vernacular):
Dizem que obras literárias escritas em inglês fazem parte dos textos mais antigos registrados em...
•Afirmativa (A): dialeto germânico.
•Afirmativa (B): linguagem de romance.
•Afirmativa (C): dialeto derivado do francês normando.
•Afirmativa (D): idioma europeu.
➽ O texto relata no 2º parágrafo:
"[...] Texts from Anglo-Saxon times survive in the late manuscript form; their composition can seldom be certainly dated and their authorship is often unknown. They are among the oldest specimens of literature in a European vernacular."
(Textos dos tempos anglo-saxônicos sobrevivem na forma do manuscrito tardio; sua composição raramente pode ser datada e sua autoria é muitas vezes desconhecida. Eles estão entre os mais antigos espécimes de literatura em um vernáculo europeu.)

      Questão   03 

Latin was the main source language for

A) the lyrics and verse romances.

B) translations into Old English prose.

C) heroic poems and hymns.

D) homiletic and theological works.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   B 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
O latim era a principal língua de partida para...
•Afirmativa (A): as letras e versos romances.
•Afirmativa (B): traduções em prosa no inglês antigo.
•Afirmativa (C): poemas heróicos e hinos.
•Afirmativa (D): trabalhos homiléticos e teológicos.
➽ O texto relata no 3º parágrafo:
"[...] Old English prose consisted of translations from Latin and such records as the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle begun in 890 under the direction of King Alfred of Wessex and continuing until 1154."
(A prosa do inglês antigo consistia em traduções do latim e registros como a Crônica anglo-saxônica, iniciada em 890 sob a direção do rei Alfred de Wessex e continuando até 1154.)

      Questão   04 

The strong presence of French vocabulary in the English language was consolidated after the

A) conquest of England by the Normans.

B) loss of the French provinces.

C) Renaissance period.

D) transition from medieval to the modern world.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   A 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
A forte presença do vocabulário francês no idioma inglês foi consolidada após a...
•Afirmativa (A): conquista da Inglaterra pelos normandos.
•Afirmativa (B): perda das províncias francesas.
•Afirmativa (C): período renascentista.
•Afirmativa (D): transição do mundo medieval para o mundo moderno.
➽ O texto relata no 2º parágrafo:
"[...] In the 14c, English emerged as a new language with few inflections and a strong admixture of French vocabulary."
(No Sec. XIV, o inglês emergiu como uma nova língua com poucas inflexões e uma forte mistura de vocabulário francês.)

      Questão   05 

The level of uniformization achieved in written English by the 1600s should be credited mainly to the

A) early modern age writers' style.

B) endeavors of people in the printing business.

C) medieval scholars' treatises.

D) Old English playwrights' dialogues.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   B 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
O nível de uniformização alcançado em inglês escrito em 1600 deve ser creditado principalmente ao
•Afirmativa (A): estilo dos escritores da era moderna.
•Afirmativa (B): empreendimentos de pessoas no ramo de impressão.
•Afirmativa (C): tratados de estudiosos medievais.
•Afirmativa (D): Diálogos de antigos dramaturgos ingleses.

      Questão   06 

Using elaborate language and old-fashioned ideas is a significant feature in the works of

A) most fourteenth century writers.

B) dramatists such as Christopher Marlowe.

C) Thomas Kyd and his contemporaries.

D) poets such as John Donne.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   D 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
O uso de linguagem elaborada e idéias antiquadas é uma característica significativa nos trabalhos de...
•Afirmativa (A): mais escritores do século XIV.
•Afirmativa (B): dramaturgos como Christopher Marlowe.
•Afirmativa (C): Thomas Kyd e seus contemporâneos.
•Afirmativa (D): poetas como John Donne.

      Questão   07 

The performance of Drama by professional groups in permanent theatres is considered

A) the best achievement in the beginning of the 16th century.

B) the greatest accomplishment in the beginning of the 1600s.

C) a feat achieved in the early 1500s.

D) a surprising event in the age of the novel.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   B 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
A performance do Drama por grupos profissionais em teatros permanentes é considerado
•Afirmativa (A): a melhor conquista no início do século XVI.
•Afirmativa (B): a maior realização no início dos anos 1600.
•Afirmativa (C): um feito alcançado no início dos anos 1500.
•Afirmativa (D): um evento surpreendente na era do romance.

      Questão   08 

The establishment of the novel as an important genre in English literature was something that occurred in the

A) second half of the 1600s.

B) seventeenth century.

C) eighteenth century.

D) first half of the 17c.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   C 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
O estabelecimento do romance como um gênero importante na literatura inglesa foi algo que ocorreu no(na)...
•Afirmativa (A): segunda metade dos anos 1600.
•Afirmativa (B): século XVII.
•Afirmativa (C): século XVIII.
•Afirmativa (D): primeira metade do século XVII.

      Questão   09 

As to Daniel Defoe, the author of Robinson Crusoe, according to the text he was

A) one of the first novelists in the English language.

B) the author whose works are considered the best in the genre.

C) an explorer who wrote novels.

D) an adventurous poet.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   A 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
Quanto a Daniel Defoe, autor de Robinson Crusoé, segundo o texto ele era...
•Afirmativa (A): um dos primeiros romancistas da língua inglesa.
•Afirmativa (B): o autor cujas obras são consideradas as melhores do gênero.
•Afirmativa (C): um explorador que escreveu romances.
•Afirmativa (D): um poeta aventureiro.

      Questão   10 

According to the text, in the mid 17c, the closing of theatres in England was due to

A) the outbreak of a new plague.

B) religious concerns.

C) the lack of quality plays.

D) a dramatists' strike.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   B 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
Segundo o texto, em meados dos anos 17, o fechamento dos cinemas na Inglaterra deveu-se a...
•Afirmativa (A): o surto de uma nova praga.
•Afirmativa (B): preocupações religiosas.
•Afirmativa (C): a falta de jogadas de qualidade.
•Afirmativa (D): uma greve dos dramaturgos.

      Questão   11 

Latin became the dominant language of instruction in England

A) during the restoration period.

B) after the 1066 Conquest.

C) over a century after the Renaissance.

D) immediately before the Romantic period.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   B 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
Segundo o texto, em meados dos anos 17, o fechamento dos cinemas na Inglaterra deveu-se a
•Afirmativa (A): o surto de uma nova praga.
•Afirmativa (B): preocupações religiosas.
•Afirmativa (C): a falta de jogadas de qualidade.
•Afirmativa (D): uma greve dos dramaturgos.

      Questão   12 

As to the poem 'Beowulf', it is correct to say that it

A) contains long passages in blank verse.

B) is the best poetic production of the Middle English period.

C) was most probably written by a Germanic king.

D) bears features of oral language.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   D 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL(to contain=to bear=conter):
Quanto ao poema 'Beowulf', é correto dizer que...
•Afirmativa (A): contém longas passagens em verso em branco.
•Afirmativa (B): é a melhor produção poética do período do inglês médio.
•Afirmativa (C): foi provavelmente escrito por um rei germânico.
•Afirmativa (D): contém características da linguagem oral.

      Questão   13 

Thomas Malory was responsible for

A) publishing mystery plays.

B) discussing virtues and vices in poems.

C) gathering legends about King Arthur.

D) writing "Piers Plowman".

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   C 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
Thomas Malory foi responsável por
•Afirmativa (A): publicar peças misteriosas.
•Afirmativa (B): discutir virtudes e vícios em poemas.
•Afirmativa (C): reunir lendas sobre o Rei Arthur.
•Afirmativa (D): escrever "Piers Ploughman".

      Questão   14 

Besides being a great poet, John Milton was also a

A) writer of satirical plays.

B) follower of Puritanism.

C) defender of Biblical terms.

D) romantic writer.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   B 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
Além de ser um grande poeta, John Milton também era...
•Afirmativa (A): escritor de peças satíricas.
•Afirmativa (B): seguidor do puritanismo.
•Afirmativa (C): defensor dos termos bíblicos.
•Afirmativa (D): escritor romântico.

      Questão   15 

The poem "Havelock the Dane", among other aspects

A) encompasses pre-Conquest legends.

B) has glimpses of contemporary England.

C) contains West Midland dialect.

D) uses alliterative verses.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   A 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
O poema "Havelock the Dane", entre outros aspectos
•Afirmativa (A): engloba as lendas de pré-conquista.
•Afirmativa (B): tem vislumbres da Inglaterra contemporânea.
•Afirmativa (C): contém o dialeto da West Midland.
•Afirmativa (D): usa versos aliterativos.

      Questão   16 

The allegorical morality play

A) was a revival of political themes.

B) has been influenced by early Northumbrian.

C) preceded secular drama.

D) was an elegiac kind of play.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   C 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre INTERPRETAÇÃO TEXTUAL:
O jogo da moralidade alegórica
•Afirmativa (A): foi um renascimento dos temas políticos.
•Afirmativa (B): foi influenciado pelo início da Nortúmbria.
•Afirmativa (C): precedeu o drama secular.
•Afirmativa (D): foi um tipo de jogo elegíaco.

      Questão   17 

The sentences "…the heroic couplet was the dominant poetic form, which Dryden and Pope used to write largely satirical and polemical works." and "Because of its attention to classical principles and the craft of verse, the period has been called neoclassical or Augustan." contain respectively

A) an indefinite pronoun and a subordinating conjunction.

B) a relative pronoun and a subordinating conjunction.

C) a relative pronoun and a relative pronoun.

D) a subordinating conjunction and a relative pronoun.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   B ??? 

TÓPICO - Questão gramatical sobre ANÁLISE MORFOLÓGICA:

➽ 1ª sentença: WHICH → pronome relativo, AND → conjunção coordenativa aditiva.
"[...] the heroic couplet was the dominant poetic form, which Dryden and Pope used to write largely satirical and polemical works."
("... o dístico heróico era a forma poética dominante, que Dryden e Pope costumavam escrever em grande parte obras satíricas e polêmicas.")
➽ 2ª sentença: BECAUSE OF → locução prepositiva.
"[...] Because of its attention to classical principles and the craft of verse, the period has been called neoclassical or Augustan."
(Por causa de sua atenção aos princípios clássicos e ao ofício do verso, o período foi chamado neoclássico ou augustano.)

      Questão   18 

The sentence "In the later 16c, English came to be more fully accepted as a medium in which the traditional genres could be written, but many scholars distrusted its stability and continued to use Latin for their treatises." contains two

A) coordinating conjunctions.

B) subordinating conjunctions.

C) relative pronouns.

D) indefinite pronouns.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   A 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre CONJUNÇÕES:
➽ 1ª sentença: BUT → conjunção coordenativa adversativa, AND → conjunção coordenativa aditiva.
"In the later 16c, English came to be more fully accepted as a medium in which the traditional genres could be written, but many scholars distrusted its stability and continued to use Latin for their treatises."
(No final dos anos do século XVI, o inglês passou a ser mais amplamente aceito como um meio no qual os gêneros tradicionais poderiam ser escritos, mas muitos estudiosos desconfiavam de sua estabilidade e continuavam a usar o latim para seus tratados.)

      Questão   19 

The sentences "Imaginative works have been written in English for over a thousand years…" and "In the 14c, English emerged as a new language with few inflections…" are respectively in the

A) passive and active voice.

B) active and passive voice.

C) active and active voice.

D) passive and passive voice.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito   A 

TÓPICO - Questão sobre PASSIVE VOICE(TO BE +PAST PARTICIPLE) e ACTIVE VOICE(SIMPLE PAST):
➽ 1ª sentença: have been written → PASSIVE VOICE (TO BE(have been)+ PAST PARTICIPLE(written))
"Imaginative works have been written in English for over a thousand years…"
("Trabalhos imaginativos foram escritos em inglês há mais de mil anos ...")
➽ 2ª sentença: emerged → ACTIVE VOICE (verbo no SIMPLE PAST)
"In the 14c, English emerged as a new language with few inflections"
(No século XIV, o inglês surgiu como uma nova língua com poucas inflexões)

20. The sentences "At the same time, vernacular prose was developing…", "The printer William Caxton shared this concern." and "The vitality of Elizabethan writing owed much to both free borrowings from ancient and modern tongues." are respectively in the

A) present continuous, simple present, simple past.

B) past continuous, simple past, simple past.

C) simple past, simple past, past perfect.

D) past perfect, simple past, past continuous.

• ANSWER (B)

• EXPLANATION & COMMENTS:

- So, in English, we have THREE MAIN TENSES(past, simple, future) and FOUR VERB ASPECTS(simple, progressive, perfect, perfect progressive), in total, they give us TWELVE possibilities in English, that is, TWELVE different ways to use a verb.

- In this question, we going to talk about TWO verb tenses: the Past Progressive and the Past Simple.  

➧ In the 1st sentence: "At the same time, vernacular prose was developing…"(Ao mesmo tempo, a prosa vernácula estava se desenvolvendo...)

- Structure Verb = was developing.

- Helper Verb = was.

- Gerund = developing.

- Contextual Time past (The helper verb WAS is in the past tense).

- Verb Aspect = progressive(pregressive because it is ongoing, it is happening right now or it is happening at the moment of speech.)

- Verb Tense = Past Progressive or Past Continuos.

➧ In the 2nd sentence: “The printer William Caxton shared this concern.”(O impressor William Caxton compartilhava dessa preocupação.)

- Main Verb = shared.   

- Contextual Time = past(The main verb SHARED is in the past tense).

- Verb Aspect = simple(there is no verbal structure).

- Verb Tense = Past Simple.

➧ In the 3rd sentence: The vitality of Elizabethan writing owed much to both free borrowings from ancient and modern tongues.(A vitalidade da escrita elisabetana deveu-se muito aos empréstimos gratuitos de línguas antigas e modernas.)

- Main Verb = owed.   

- Contextual Time = past(The main verb OWED is in the past tense).

- Verb Aspect = simple(there is no verbal structure).

- Verb Tense = Past Simple.