CONCURSO PÚBLICO DE ADMISSÃO À ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018.- 20 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.
Doctors Know Best
By Ted Spiker
Along with all the disease stomping, heart reviving, baby delivering, and overall people healing they do, doctors have another full-time job: keeping themselves healthy. Scratch that - keeping themselves healthiest. So instead of peeking into their medical practices, we looked at what they actually practice - in their own lives. Use personal strategies and insider tips from the best medical pros to supercharge your health this year.
Junto com todo o trabalho de pisar em doenças, reanimar corações, dar à luz e curar pessoas em geral, os médicos têm outro trabalho de tempo integral: manter-se saudáveis. Risque isso - manter-se mais saudáveis. Então, em vez de espiar suas práticas médicas, olhamos para o que eles realmente praticam - em suas próprias vidas. Use estratégias pessoais e dicas privilegiadas dos melhores profissionais médicos para turbinar sua saúde este ano.
( I ) - ______
"As soon as I feel an illness coming on, I go to sleep for at least nine hours," says Hilda Hutcherson, MD, clinical professor of ob-gyn at Columbia University Medicai Center. "I also lie on the floor with my legs elevated and propped against the wall and breathe deeply for five minutes." It helps lower stress, which weakens the immune system.
"Assim que sinto uma doença chegando, vou dormir por pelo menos nove horas", diz Hilda Hutcherson, MD, professora clínica de obstetrícia e ginecologia no Columbia University Medicai Center. "Eu também deito no chão com minhas pernas elevadas e apoiadas na parede e respiro profundamente por cinco minutos." Isso ajuda a diminuir o estresse, que enfraquece o sistema imunológico.
( II ) - ______
Instead of having a garden-variety green salad, Margaret McKenzie, MD, assistant professor of surgery at the Cleveland Clinic, tosses napa cabbage, radicchio, edamame, and carrots with ginger-soy dressing. "It gives me a lot of vitamins, antioxidants, and protein and makes me feel full," she says.
Em vez de comer uma salada verde comum, Margaret McKenzie, MD, professora assistente de cirurgia na Cleveland Clinic, mistura repolho chinês, radicchio, edamame e cenouras com molho de gengibre e soja. "Ele me dá muitas vitaminas, antioxidantes e proteínas e me faz sentir satisfeita", diz ela.
( III ) - ______
[...] Gary Small, MD, professor of psychiatry and biobehavioral sciences at the University of California, Los Angeles, and author of The Alzheimer's Prevention Program, plays Scrabble and Words With Friends on his smartphone most days. These word games are perfect brain boosters, because they build not only verbal and math skills but also spatial abilities as you position letters to create words. "Combining several mental tasks strengthens multiple neural circuits," Dr. Small says. "It's like cross-training for your brain."
Gary Small, MD, professor de psiquiatria e ciências biocomportamentais na Universidade da Califórnia, Los Angeles, e autor de The Alzheimer's Prevention Program, joga Scrabble e Words With Friends em seu smartphone quase todos os dias. Esses jogos de palavras são perfeitos para estimular o cérebro, porque eles desenvolvem não apenas habilidades verbais e matemáticas, mas também habilidades espaciais conforme você posiciona letras para criar palavras. "Combinar várias tarefas mentais fortalece vários circuitos neurais", diz o Dr. Small. "É como um treinamento cruzado para o seu cérebro."
( IV ) - _____
Make your bedroom spalike: Dim the lights at least an hour before you go to bed; ban cell phones, laptops, and the TV; ask your partner for a foot rub. "I do deep breathing exercises," Dr. Hutcherson says. "Sometimes I play relaxing music softly."
Deixe seu quarto como um spa: diminua as luzes pelo menos uma hora antes de ir para a cama; proíba celulares, laptops e a TV; peça ao seu parceiro para fazer uma massagem nos pés. "Eu faço exercícios de respiração profunda", diz o Dr. Hutcherson. "Às vezes, toco uma música relaxante suavemente."
( V ) - _____
The most important meal is breakfast, says David Katz, MD, director and founder of Yale-Griffin Prevention Research Center in Derby, Connecticut. He often has two breakfasts, divvying up his morning meal so that he eats half before his workout and half after. "It helps with portion control, and it establishes a daily eating pattern," Dr. Katz says. Plan your breakfast at night to start the next day on a healthy note.
A refeição mais importante é o café da manhã, diz David Katz, MD, diretor e fundador do Yale-Griffin Prevention Research Center em Derby, Connecticut. Ele geralmente toma dois cafés da manhã, dividindo sua refeição matinal para comer metade antes do treino e metade depois. "Isso ajuda no controle das porções e estabelece um padrão alimentar diário", diz o Dr. Katz. Planeje seu café da manhã à noite para começar o dia seguinte com uma nota saudável.
Abridgedfrom https://www.fitnessmagazine.com/health/doctors-tips-tostay-healthy/)
21 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018)
The headlines below have been removed from the text and replaced by (I), (II), (III), (IV) and (V). Number them to indicate the order they must appear to complete the text correctly. Then mark the option that contains the right sequence.
( ) Fuel up for
the day
( ) Take a time
out
( ) Stay sharp
( ) Eat extra
veggies
( ) Sleep easier
(A) (II (I) (V) (III) (IV)
(B) (V) (I) (III) (II) (IV)
(C) (I) (IV) (V) (III) (II)
(D) (II) (IV) (III) (V) (I)
(E) (V) (III) (IV) (II) (I)
22 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) In the sentence
- "It helps lower stress, which weakens the immune system.” (2nd paragraph),
the underlined words mean, respectively, _____
and ______ .
(A) raise /
lessens
(B) rise /
strengthens
(C) reduce /
debilitates
(D) eliminate /
toughens
(E) decrease / reproduces
- "It helps lower stress, which weakens the immune system.” (2nd paragraph),
- “Ajuda a diminuir o estresse, que enfraquece o sistema imunológico.”
the underlined words mean, respectively, reduce and strengthens.
(A) raise / lessens
(B) rise / strengthens
(C) reduce / debilitates
(D) eliminate / toughens
(E) decrease / reproduces
❑ TEXTO: Based on the text below, answer the two questions that follow it.
Doctor works to save youth from violence before they reach his ER
As an emergency physician at Kings County Hospital Center [in Brooklyn],
Dr. Rob Gore has faced many traumatic situations that he'd rather forget. But
some moments stick with him. "Probably the worst thing that I've ever had
to do is tell a 15-year-old's mother that her son was killed," Gore said.
"If I can't keep somebody alive, I've failed." [...]
"Conflict's not avoidable. But violent conflict is," Gore
said. "Seeing a lot of the traumas that take place at work, or in the
neighborhood, you realize, 'I don't want this to happen anymore. What do we do
about it?"'
For Gore, one answer is the “Kings Against Violence Initiative" -
known as KAVI - which he started in 2009. Today, the nonprofit has
anti-violence programs in the hospital, schools and broader community, serving
more than 250 young people.
Victims of violence are more likely to be reinjured, so the first place
Gore wanted to work was in the hospital, with an intervention program in which
"hospital responders" assist victims of violence and their family - a
model pioneered at other hospitals. The idea is that reaching out right after
someone has been injured reduces the likelihood of violent retaliation and
provides a chance for the victim to address some of the circumstances that may
have led to their injury.
Gore started this program at his hospital with a handful of volunteers
from KAVI. Today, the effort is a partnership between KAVI and a few other
nonprofits, with teams on call 24/7.
Yet Gore wanted to prevent people from being violently injured in the
first place. So, in 2011, he and his group began working with a handful of
at-risk students at a nearby high school. By the end of the year, more than 50
students were involved. Today, KAVI holds weekly workshops for male and female
students in three schools, teaching mediation and conflict resolution. The
group also provides free mental health counseling for students who need
one-on-one support.
"Violence is everywhere they turn - home, school, neighborhood,
police," Gore said. "You want to make sure they can learn how to
process, deal with it and overcome it."
While Gore still regularly attends workshops, most are now led by peer
facilitators - recent graduates and college students, some of whom are former
KAVI members - who serve as mentors to the students. School administrators say
the program has been a success: lowering violence, raising grades and sending
many graduates on to college.
"This is really about the community in which we live" he said. "This is my home. And I'm going to do whatever is possible to make sure people can actually thrive."
Adapted and abridged from http://www.cnn.com
23 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) According to the text, which option is correct?
(A) In Dr. Rob Gore's opinion, violent conflict cannot
be avoided.
(B) “Kings Against Violence Initiative" is a
nonprofit organization.
(C) KAVI started a successfui project at a high school
in 2009.
(D) Male students do not attend workshops held by
KAVI.
(E) Dr. Rob Gore does not go to workshops anymore.
According to the text, which option is correct?
De acordo com o texto, qual opção está correta?
(A) In Dr. Rob Gore's opinion, violent conflict cannot be avoided.
Na opinião do Dr. Rob Gore, conflitos violentos não podem ser evitados.
(B) “Kings Against Violence Initiative" is a nonprofit organization.
“Kings Against Violence Initiative" é uma organização sem fins lucrativos.
(C) KAVI started a successfui project at a high school in 2009.
KAVI iniciou um projeto bem-sucedido em uma escola secundária em 2009.
(D) Male students do not attend workshops held by KAVI.
Alunos do sexo masculino não participam de workshops realizados pela KAVI.
(E) Dr. Rob Gore does not go to workshops anymore.
Dr. Rob Gore não participa mais de workshops.
24 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) What does the pronoun “it" refer to in the excerpt
“‘Violence is everywhere they turn - home, school, neighborhood, police,’ Gore said. ‘You want to make sure they can learn how to process, deal with it [...]’” (7thparagraph)?
(A) Process.
(B) Police.
(C) Violence.
(D) Home.
(E) Everywhere.
❑ TEXTO 3: Which of the options completes the excerpt below correctly?
You're dehydrated – and ______ your skin
Most of us tend to think of dehydration as a short term problem solved
by a glass of water, but boardcertified dermatologist Dr. Janet Prystowsky
encourages viewing skin dehydration as a long-term problem, as consistently
failing to get your skin the water it needs can have lasting results.
Abridged from
https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/beauty/
antiaging/a36993/dull-skin-causes/)
25 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018)
(A) so is
(B) so are
(C) nor is
(D) neither is
(E) neither are
26 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which of the sentences below is INCORRECT?
(A) The boy
told me that he was sick.
(B) The
children said that they were happy.
(C) The girl
said she was extremely tired.
(D) The man
asked me where was the bank.
(E) The students asked me if they were late.
❑ TEXTO 4: Based on the text below, answer the next question.
Switzerland’s invisible linguistic borders
There are four official Swiss languages: German, French, Italian and
Romansh, an indigenous language with limited status that's similar to Latin and
spoken today by only a handful of Swiss. A fifth language, English, is
increasingly used to bridge the linguistic divide. In a recent survey by Pro
Unguis, three quarters of those queried said they use English at least three
times per week.
In polyglot Switzerland, even linguistic divisions are divided. People
in the German-speaking cantons speak Swiss-German at home but learn standard
German in school. The Italian spoken in the Ticino canton is peppered with
words borrowed from German and French.
Language may not be destiny, but it does determine much more than the
words we speak. Language drives culture, and culture drives life. In that
sense, the Rõstigraben is as much a cultural border as a linguistic one. Life
on either side of the divide unfolds at a different pace, Bianchi explained.
“[In my opinion] French speakers are more laid-back. A glass of white wine for
lunch on a workday is still rather usual. German speakers have little sense of
humour, and follow rules beyond the rigidity of the Japanese." The
cultural divide between Italian-speaking Switzerland and the rest of the
country - a divide marked by the so-called Polentagraben - is even sharper.
Italianspeakers are a distinct minority, accounting for only 8% of the
population and living mostly in the far southern canton of Ticino. “When I
first moved here, people told me, Ticino is just like Italy except everything
works’, and I think that's true,” said Paulo Gonçalves, a Brazilian academic
who has been living in Ticino for the past decade.
Coming from a nation with one official spoken language, Gonçalves
marvels at how the Swiss juggle four. “It is quite remarkable how they manage
to get along,” he said, recalling going to a conference attended by people who
spoke French, German, Italian and English. "You had presentations being
given in four different languages in the same conference hall.’’
Living in such a multilingual environment "really reshapes how I
see the world and imagine the possibilities,” Gonçalves said. “I am a
significantly different person than I was 10 years ago.”
Switzerland’s languages are not evenly distributed. Of the country’s 26
cantons, most - 17 - are German speaking, while four are French and one
Italian. (Three cantons are bilingual and one, Grisons, trilingual.) A majority
of Swiss, 63%, speak German as their first language.
Abridged from http://www.bbc.com
27 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) According to the text, which option is correct?
(A) English is spoken by one-fifth of the Swiss.
(B) French speakers don’t usually drink on workdays.
(C) Germans are as rigid as the Japanese.
(D) Everything works in Italy and in Ticino.
(E) German is spoken by most Swiss citizens.
28 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which option completes the sentence below correctly?
Greg ______, and ______ his leg while he ______ in Bariloche.
(A) felt / has broken / was skiing
(B) felt / had broken / had been skiing
(C) fell / broke / was skiing
(D) fell / has broken / had been skiing
(E) felt / broken / was skiing
29 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which option completes the text below correctly?
- School is exhausting! I’m so tired! I can’t keep up ______ all the readings and assignments. It’s too much work! But l won’t drop _____. I need this degree. I don’t want to put_____my dreams any longer. I need to have the money to carry them ____ as soon as possible, but I’m really looking forward_____the spring break. I need to rest a little.
(A) with / up / away / out / for
(B) to / in / away / on / for
(C) for / out / off / on / to
(D) to / up / up / on / for
(E) with / out / off / out / to
30 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
In places with electricity, artificial lighting has prolonged our
experience of daylight, allowing u s ______ productive for longer. At the same
time, it has cut nighttime short, and so to get enough sleep we now
have ______ it all in one go. Now, "normar sleep requires forgoing the
periods of wakefulness that used ______ up the night; we simply don't have time
for a midnight chat with the neighbor any longer. "But people with
particularly strong circadian rhythms continue, _____ , up in the night.
(A) being / to do / to break / wake
(B) be / do / breaking / to wake
(C) to be / to do / to break / to wake
(D) to be / do / to break / waking
(E) being / doing / breaking / wake
31 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which option completes the paragraph below correctly?
Money and happiness While it is true that money can't buy love or
happiness, a certain amount is necessary to have a baseline of happiness.
Interestingly, from science we learn that for most people the magic number is
between $75- $100K per year. At that point we have enough money not to be
struggling between paychecks, and there is a diminishing return on making more
money after that. The nice thing is happiness is more about our habits and
attitudes that we can control through things like exercise, mindfulness,
gratitude, kindness, etc. regardless of how ______or how ,______ money we have.
Happiness Is a choice and a process, not a place.
https://www.linkedin.com/pulse
(A) much / little
(B) many / few
(C) much / few
(D) many / little
(E) many / much
32 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Mark the sentence that is correct
(A) If Lory was honest, she pays what she owes you.
(B) If I wouldn’t take extra classes, I won’t pass my
finals.
(C) I’d be able to see Mark if l will stay in town
more nights.
(D) If I were you, I wouldn’t spend all that money on
clothes.
E) She would be offended if I won’t attended her wedding.
33 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which question word completes the dialogue correctly?
Peter:______wasn’t Mary at work yesterday?
Jane: She was ill.
(A) When
(B) Where
(C) Who
(D) Why
(E) Which
34 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which is the correct option to complete the text below?
Chock-a-block
Today, this adjective means ‘crammed full with people or things' (the narrow roads are chock-a-block with vehicles). Chock derives ,_____ , chock-full, a Middle English word______unknown origin meaning “very full’. It rhymes nicely______the block in question, more fully known as a pulley block, part______ a block and tackle. This is a device much used______, boats and elsewhere to make lifting heavy weights less demanding.
https://blog.oxforddictionaries.com
(A) of / with / for / of / in
(B) of / of / for / in / on
(C) from / with / with / from / in
(D) from / with / to / of / for
(E) from / of / with / of / on
35 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which option completes the sentences below correctly?
I - The faucet is dripping. I need to have it______.
II - We got him ______ us with the first steps of the
project.
III - They got the living room ______in pastel colors
as they had always wanted.
IV - Instead of buying a new computer, why don’t you have your old one______?
(A) repair / help / painted / fixed
(B) repaired / to help / painted / fixed
(C) repair / help / paint / fix
(D) repaired / helps / painting / fix
(E) repairing / to help / painting / fixing
36 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Based on the text below, answer the next question:
HNSA Ships
HMS Nordkaparen
This submarine was built at Kockums Mekaniska Verkstad in Maimo. The Dragon-class submarine was delivered in 1962 and differed from earlier boats primarily in that her aft part is streamlined and fitted with a rudder in the longitudinal form of a cross. Her single propeller is less noisy than the earlier twin propellers. A wire guided system steers her torpedoes, and a novel system of storage in a revolving device in her forward compartment simplifies and shortens the time for recharging her tubes. Her original equipment included radar, snorkel ventilation and a crane on her foredeck for recovering dummy torpedoes used in training.
Kalmaesund (M13)
The minelayer Kalmarsund, M13, was built at Orlogsvarvet in Stockholm in 1953. M13 was used in Karlskrona for repairs and maintenance of the Swedish Coast Defence minefields, and for training of officers and conscripts in navigation and mine service. In 1992 she was refitted at Oskarshamn naval yard when, for instance, the mine storage was converted into crew's quarters. In 2001 she was transferred to Gothenburg. Her main task was to serve as a support-and-quartering ship for the regiment.
HMS Smaland
The largest destroyer ship in Scandinavia preserved in
a museum, HMS Smaland was launched in 1952 at Eriksberg’s Mekaniska Verkstad in
Goteborg, and delivered to the Royal Swedish Navy in 1956. Before the destroyer
was decommissioned in 1979, she had been modernized three times. On delivery,
she and her sister vessel, HMS Haliand were the first destroyers armed with
surface to surface marine missiles. Her propulsion machinery comprises 29,000
hp steam turbines, each driving a propeller. She may be said to be the result
of the 80-year development of destroyers.
Abridged from
http://www.hnsa.org/hnsa-ships
According to the text, which option is correct?
(A) HMS Nordkaparen is a Dragon-class submarine which
is similar to earlier vessels.
(B) HMS Nordkaparen has a novel system of storage to
keep her torpedoes in the right direction.
(C) Kalmaesund (M13) was built for a different purpose
than the one she served in Gothenburg.
(D) HMS Haliand was the first ship destroyed by
surface marine missiles in Scandinavia.
(E) It took 80 years to complete building the HMS Smaland, which is now in a museum.
37 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which is the correct option to complete the film synopsis below?
Hacksaw Ridge
Desmond Doss,______endured a troubled childhood in rural Virginia, enlists in the army. After Desmond's desire to serve as an unarmed medic is approved by military officials, he is sent to the Pacific arena,______he saves dozens of lives during the Battle of Okinawa.
Adapted from http://oscar.go.com/nomÍnees/best-pÍcture/hacksaw-ridge
(A) which / that
(B) who / where
(C) what / when
(D) that / which
(E) whose / who
38 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Choose the correct option to complete the text below.
In the age of sail, however, a captain's options ______if a more powerful enemy ship_______while his own vessel______at anchor. If the situation was urgent [...], a captain______ that it was more prudent to cut the anchor cable [...], and run, living to fight another day.
https://blog.oxforddictionaries.com
(A) limited / was spotted / was laid / might be decided
(B) limited / spotted / lay / might decide
(C) were limited / was spotted / was laid / might be
decided
(D) were limited / was spotted / lay / might decide
(E) were limited / spotted / lay / might be decided
39 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Which option best completes the paragraph below?
"Waking up after a couple of hours may not be insomnia," wrote
Wehr. "It may be normal sleep." Ekirch added, "If people don't
fight it, they'll find______falling asleep again after roughly one hour."
(A) they
(B) their
(C) theirs
(D) them
(E) themselves
40 – (ESCOLA NAVAL-CPAEN-2018) Mark the option that completes the excerpt below correctly.
Our study analyzed 7.1-billion miles ______, to update our______distracted
driving study w ith _______ and_____data. We covered 4.5-miilion drivers across
all American states and territories, from December 2017 through Fébruary 2018.
We found that distracted driving is far______previously reported.
Abridged from http://blog,zendrive.com/
(A) further / latest / fresher / deeper / worse than
(B) farthest / the later / fresher / deeper / worse
than
(C) farther / latest / the freshest / the deepest /
worst than
(D) farer / the later / the freshest / the deepest /
the worst
(E) furthest / the later / the freshest / the deepest / the worst