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The Invasion of Ukraine Is Causing Crisis at Sea
Russian ships have nowhere to dock, and supply chains will suffer.
The United Kingdom has banned Russian ships from calling on its ports, and the European Union is about to do the same. The world’s three largest shipping lines will no longer call on Russian ports. Ukraine’s ports are closed. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine is wreaking havoc on global shipping, which transports 80 percent of the world’s trade. Ships are now sailing the oceans unable to deliver and pick up cargo, while some 140 other merchant vessels are stuck in Ukrainian ports, at risk of coming under fire and with food and other provisions running low. The rest of the world should care about their desperate situation—if nothing else because the cargo they carry is crucial to our daily lives.
On March 1, the crude oil tanker NS Champion suddenly encountered an urgent problem. It was steering toward Scotland’s Orkney oil terminal. Like many other cargo vessels, the NS Champion sails under a Liberian flag, but it is owned by Sovcomflot, Russia’s largest shipping company, and on Feb. 24 the U.S. government had placed the company under sanctions. Even so, the tanker had the right to make its next port call, because sanctions don’t affect ships that are already en route. But before it arrived, the British government announced it was immediately closing U.K. ports to Russian vessels. The Champion had to sail on, oil undelivered, to its next point of call, Denmark’s Port of Skagen.
Very soon, it won’t be able to deliver its oil there either. The EU is expected to imminently follow the U.K.’s lead and close its ports to vessels owned or operated by Russian companies or sailing under the Russian flag. Canada already has. Switzerland-based Mediterranean Shipping Company, the world’s largest shipping company, has announced that it’s suspending all container traffic to and from Russia. So have the other two members of global shipping’s top three, Denmark-based Maersk and France’s CMA CGM. Singapore-based Ocean Network Express and Germany’s Hapag-Lloyd had already made similar announcements. The companies will only make humanitarian deliveries, usually understood as food and medication.
That means Russia will be cut off from much of the world, able to send and receive goods only via primarily Asian shipping companies such as China’s COSCO. Ukraine, meanwhile, has already been cut off. The week before the invasion, maritime insurers red-listed the Russian and Ukrainian parts of the Black Sea and the Sea of Azov, making it difficult and expensive for ships to sail through the waters. When Russia invaded last month, Ukraine closed its ports. The country is already running low on oxygen and other medical supplies.
(Adapted from:
foreignpolicy.com/2022/03/07/ukraine-shipping-supply-war/)
01 – (EFOMM-OFICIAL-2023)
According to the text,
(A) there is a
surfeit of food in the Ukrainian ports.
(B) the Russian
invasion is laying waste to global shipping.
(C) the Russian
seizure of Ukarine is panning out.
(D) worldwide
shipping is making strides on account of the Russian invasion.
(E) global shipping is thriving as a result of Ukrainian occupation.
|
Resposta : B |
- FRASES VERBAIS:
1) it is
making strides – está avançando.
2) it is making
strides on account of – está avançando por causa da.
3) it is panning out – está dando certo, está
se concretizando.
4) it is owned by – É de propriedade da.
5) it is thriving – está prosperando.
6) it is thriving as a result of – está
prosperando como resultado da.
7) it had to sail on to its next point of
call – teve que navegar para seu próximo ponto de escala
8) It sails under a flag – Ela navega sob uma bandeira.
9) It was steering toward – Estava indo em direção ao.
10) But before it arrived – Mas antes de chegar.
- FRASES
NOMINAIS:
1) supply
chains – as cadeias de suprimentos, os processos de produção e
distribuição.
2) a surfeit of food – um excesso de alimentos.
3) oil undelivered – petróleo não entregue.
4) Russia’s largest shipping company – a
maior empresa de navegação da Rússia.
5) the Russian seizure – a tomada russa.
-VOCABULÁRIOS
NÁUTICOS:
1) global shipping = worldwide
shipping – o transporte marítimo mundial.
2) to dock - atracar.
3) from
calling on its ports – de escalar em seus portos
4) to make its next port call – fazer sua
próxima escala.
5) the crude oil tanker – o navio petroleiro.
6) oil terminal – terminal petrolífero.
7) cargo vessels – embarcações cargueiras.
RESOLUÇÃO DA QUESTÃO:
• According
to the text,
(A) there
is a surfeit of food in the Ukrainian ports.
[há um excesso de comida nos portos
ucranianos.]
§ INCORRETA
porque NÃO FOI RELATADO “a
surfeit of food in the Ukrainian ports”.
§ INFORME 1: Segunda a
autora, há um risco de serem atacados 140 navios mercantes que estão presos em
portos ucranianos.
§ INFORME 2: A autora
também diz que os alimentos e outros suprimentos estão acabando nesses navios
mercantes que estão presos nos portos ucranianos.
§ Vê o trecho (1º parágrafo)
§ [...] while some
140 other merchant vessels are stuck in Ukrainian ports, at risk of coming
under fire and with food and other provisions running low.
-EXPRESSÕES / VOCÁBULOS UTILIZADOS:
(1) NOUN: SURFEIT: → excess, glut (excesso), overabundance
(superabundância), plethora (abundância), surplus (excedente).
(3) IDIOM : UNDER FIRE → é uma expressão idiomática que significa “being attacked with guns”, ou seja, ser atacado com armas. [Cambridge Dictionary]
(4) IDIOM: TO BE
RUNNING LOW ON something = algo estar acabando. [Collins Dictionary]
(B) the Russian
invasion is laying waste to global shipping.
[a invasão russa está destruindo a navegação
global.]
§ CORRETA porque as
expressões “is laying
waste to global shipping”(na
alternativa B) e “is wreaking havoc on global shipping”(no texto) transmitem a
mesma ideia, ou seja, ESTÁ CAUSANDO MUITO DANO A NAVEGAÇÃO MARÍTIMA MUNDIAL,
conforme o trecho (1º parágrafo):
§ “[...] Russia’s
invasion of Ukraine is wreaking havoc on
global shipping, which transports 80 percent of the world’s trade.”
§ A invasão da Ucrânia pela Rússia está causando muito estrago no transporte marítimo global, que transporta 80% do comércio mundial.
-EXPRESSÕES / VOCÁBULOS UTILIZADOS:
(1) IDIOM: TO LAY WASTE
TO something → means to
cause very bad damage to (something), ou seja, causar muito dano a algo.
§ The fire laid waste to the land. - O fogo
devastou a terra. [Merriam-webster Dictionary]
(2) IDIOM: TO WREAK
HAVOC ON something → means to cause great damage, ou seja, causar grandes danos em algo.
§ The virus wreaked havoc on my computer. - O vírus
causou estragos no meu computador. [Merriam-webster Dictionary]
§ A powerful tornado wreaked
havoc on the small village. - Um poderoso tornado causou estragos na pequena
aldeia. - [Merriam-webster Dictionary]
(3) NOUN PHRASE: THE RUSSIAN SEIZURE – a tomada russa.
(C) the
Russian seizure of Ukarine is panning out.
[a tomada russa da Ucrânia está dando certo.]
§ INCORRETA.
§ A tomada russa NÃO ESTÁ SENDO UM SUCESSO porque
com a invasão da Ucrânia, o Reino Unido proibiu os navios russos de fazer
escala em seus portos, e a União Europeia está prestes a fazer o mesmo, a maior
empresa de navegação do mundo, anunciou que está suspendendo todo o tráfego de
contêineres de e para a Rússia, enfim, a tomada russa significou um isolamento
da Rússia de grande parte da navegação global, conforme os trechos:
§ No 1º parágrafo:.
§ [...] The
United Kingdom has banned Russian ships from calling on its ports, and the
European Union is about to do the same. The world’s three largest shipping lines will no longer call on Russian
ports.
(O Reino Unido proibiu navios russos de fazer escala
em seus portos, e a União Europeia está prestes a fazer o mesmo. As três
maiores companhias marítimas do mundo não farão mais escala nos portos russos.)
§ No 3º parágrafo:
§ “[...] Switzerland-based
Mediterranean Shipping Company, the world’s largest shipping company, has
announced that it’s suspending all container traffic to and from Russia. So
have the other two members of global shipping’s top three, Denmark-based Maersk
and France’s CMA CGM. Singapore-based Ocean Network Express and Germany’s
Hapag-Lloyd had already made similar announcements.
(A Mediterranean Shipping Company, com sede
na Suíça, a maior empresa de navegação do mundo, anunciou que está suspendendo
todo o tráfego de contêineres de e para a Rússia. Assim como os outros dois
membros das três principais empresas de transporte marítimo global, a Maersk,
com sede na Dinamarca, e a CMA CGM, da França. A Ocean Network Express, com
sede em Cingapura, e a Hapag-Lloyd, da Alemanha, já haviam feito anúncios
semelhantes.)
§ No 4º parágrafo:
§ [...] That
means Russia will be cut off from much of the world, able to send and receive
goods only via primarily Asian shipping companies such as China’s COSCO.
(Isso significa que a Rússia ficará isolada de grande parte do mundo, podendo enviar e receber mercadorias apenas por meio de companhias marítimas principalmente asiáticas, como a chinesa COSCO.)
-EXPRESSÕES / VOCÁBULOS UTILIZADOS:
(1) PHRASAL VERB: TO PAN OUT → means to develop in a successful way, DESENVOLVER
COM SUCESSO, DAR CERTO, DESENROLAR COM SUCESSO.
§ Their attempt to start a
new business didn't pan out. - Sua
tentativa de iniciar um novo negócio não deu certo. [Cambridge Dictionary]
(2) EXPRESSÃO VERBAL ADJETIVADA: BE ABOUT TO → estar prestes a.
§ I was about to leave the office when the
phone rang. - Eu estava prestes a sair do escritório quando o telefone tocou. [Cambridge Dictionary]
§ The film was about to start. - O filme estava
prestes a começar. [Collins Dictionary]
(3) NOUN PHRASE: THE RUSSIAN SEIZURE – a tomada russa.
(D) worldwide
shipping is making strides on account of the Russian invasion..
[a navegação mundial está avançando por causa
da invasão russa.]
§ INCORRETA porque
contradiz o título do texto:
§ [...] The Invasion of Ukraine Is Causing Crisis at Sea.
-EXPRESSÕES / VOCÁBULOS UTILIZADOS:
(1) COLLOCATION: MAKE STRIDES → means to make progress, FAZER SUCESSO, FAZER AVANÇO,
AVANÇAR.
§ Medical
science has made great strides in
tackling infertility. - A ciência médica fez grandes avanços no combate à
infertilidade. [Macmillan Dictionary]
(2) PREPOSITIONAL PHRASE: ON ACCOUNT OF → means because
of, POR CAUSA DE.
§ She can’t
work much on account of the children. - Ela não pode trabalhar muito por causa
das crianças. [Macmillan Dictionary]
(E) global
shipping is thriving as a result of Ukrainian occupation.
§
[o transporte
global está prosperando como resultado da ocupação ucraniana.]
§ INCORRETA porque
contradiz o título do texto:
§ [...] The
Invasion of Ukraine Is Causing Crisis at Sea.
-EXPRESSÕES / VOCÁBULOS UTILIZADOS:
(1) ADJECTIVE: THRIVING → PRÓSPERO, SER BEM SUCEDIDO.
§ A thriving economy. - uma
economia próspera. [Cambridge Dictionary]
(2) NOUN PHRASE: UKRAINIAN
OCCUPATION – a ocupação
ucraniana.
(3) NOUN: OCCUPATION – o tempo ou estado em que as forças armadas de um país assumem o controle de outro país.