DETERMINERS - Articles, Demostratives, Numerals, Ordinals, Possessive, Quantifers - VALDENOR SOUSA

Hello...everybody! 
Neste post, veremos os "DETERMINERs".

1 - What is determiner?

In grammar, a word that is used before a noun to show which particular example of the noun you are referring to.

2 - Types of Determiners:

• ARTICLES(órêkôus)

• DEMONSTRATIVES(dôMõstrêrêv)

• NUMERALS(NhúmôRôus)

• ORDINALS(Ôudinôus)

• POSSESSIVE(pôZéssêv)

• QUANTIFIERS(quãthêFáiôus)

3 - QUANTIFIERS

Quantifier is a word that is used before a noun to show the amount of it that is being considered.

An amount is the key word.

• MANY

• A LOT OF

• FEW

• LESS

• SOME

• ANY

4 - SOME:

• É um determinante, é um quantificador. É uma quantidade de alguma coisa, ou seja, é uma quantidade de algo que não é declarado ou não é conhecido.

• É usado com substantivo plural (plural noun).

- I bought some new clothes.

• É usado com substantivo não contável. (non-count noun)

- Would you like some coffee?

5 - ANY:

It's a determiner, it is a quantifier. It's an amount of something.

It is used with plural noun.

It is used with non-count noun.

- Is there any ice cream left?

We're talking about even the smallest amount of ice cream.

- I don't have any cash on me. Can you pick up the check?

In this case, we're talking about an amount of cash.

- We were not expecting any visitors.

In this case, we're talking about an amount of people, any visitors, even the smallest amount of visitors.

ANY is generally used in negative statements or you could say affirmative statements.

ANY is generally used in questions.

Do you have any pasta?

There are exceptions.

There are exceptions.

Exception to the rule for SOME:

SOME may be used in questions when offering something and you think the answer may be "yes" or "no"

Would you like some coffee?

If I asked that I would say well the answer is just going to be a yes or no, Would you like some coffee?, coffe is a non-count noun.(êzaNõnKãunNã1)

It's very common to use SOME with that construction(uêtáKõnsTrókxén): would you like some of something?

I think quite often you're talking about food.

Exception to the rule for ANY:

The exception to the rule for ANY is with those positive statements.

ANY can be used in positive sentences.

If it is used with the conjunctions IF or WHETER.

Look at that examples:

Please let me know if you have any questions.

QUESTION 1:

Person A: Did you catch ___ fish today?

Person B: Yeah, I catch ____, but my friend didn't catch ___.

(01) any, some, any.

(02) any, any, any.

(04) some, some, some.

(08) some, some, any.

- We have three blank spaces, three blank spots, we have complete that conversation using either SOME or ANY.

- We have a person A and a person B.

- The first person is asking a question Did you catch ___ fish today?

- You can fill in either SOME or ANY.

- And then the other person responds, Yeah, I catch ____, but my friend didn't catch ___.

- Did you catch any fish today?, we're talking about a question, again, fish refer to plural noun, one fish, several fish.

- "Yeah, I catch some" that is a positive sentence.

- "but my friend didn't catch any." that is a negative sentence.

- I hope this was not too difficult.

QUESTION 2:

Waiter: Would you like ____ vegetables to go with you meal?

Customer: Do you have ____ other options?         

(01) any, some

(02) any, any.

(04) some, any.

(08) some, some.

- So we have the waiter and the customer.

- The waiter says "Would you like ____ vegetables to go with your meal?"

- The customer says "Do you have ____ other options?"

- What do you think? How would you complete that with SOME or ANY?

- So let's talk about why "Would you like some vegetables to go with you meal?"

- I told you ANY is used with questions, but this is one the exceptions because when you ask somebody that like would you like typically the answer is just going to be a yes or a no. So in that case if you think the answer is just a yes  or no, you're going to use SOME, would you like some vegetables to go with your meals.     

- The next question "Do you have any other options?", I did not know if you thought this might be tricky because I thought maybe somebody would think well that could be a yes or no, the reason why you're going to use ANY is because even though you could answer yes or no, the expectation is that you need to give more information, for example, if the customer is asking "Do you have any other options?" and the waiter just says yes and they don't say anything else, that is going to sound a little weird. So in this case it is not like you can only answer yes or no, you need to give more information which is why in this case we're using ANY. So this not just a yes or no.

 QUESTION 3:

Waiter: How about ____ rice or potatoes?

Customer: I ate ____ rice for lunch. I guess I'll just have ____ caeser salad.          

(01) any, some, some.

(02) any, some, any.

(04) any, some, a.

(08) some, some, a.

- The waiter says "How about ____ rice or potatoes?"

- And the customer says "I ate ____ rice for lunch. I guess I'll just have ____ caeser salad."

-Remember, SOME and ANY, they're determiners, the're used with plural nouns and non-count nouns. So that's your hint right there.

- So the waiter would ask "How about some rice or potatoes?", again, this is a question, but in this case the answer could eithet just be yes or no. So this also, this can be thought of as okay that is a exception, you're asking a question, you're offer something and the answer could just be yes or no, "How about some rice or potatoes?" and the person could say well just yes or no.

- And in this case the customer responds, well, "I ate some rice for lunch.", it is a positive sentence, rice is a non-count noun, "I guess I'll just have ____ caeser salad.", a caeser salad, it is not a plural noun, a salad it is a singular noun, in this case you're just going to use an article that determiner you would use, I'll just have a caeser salad, it is just a salad.

**

I told you that I would wanted to kind of wrap it up talking about some, other meanings for some and any, especially how they might be informally used as idiom.(éz-íriãms)

For example:

* That's some (noun), it refers to something impressive.

* That's some pig.

-Uhh, that's some pig describes an impressive pig.

Another example:

* And then some:

* It is an idiom, it means "and even more". It is used informally - Oh they paid us $1,000 and then some.(ou-DêiPêiráz-uãTáuzénDólars- enNénSãm)

It is saying that you got even more, perhaps you got more money, perhaps they gave you some food, we don't know.(uírãoNôu)

* By any means necessary:

* This is another a phrase that you may hear, it is another idiom, BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY.

If somebody says BY ANY MEANS NECESSARY, it just means they're going to do whatever is needed.

I would say that you're talking about it could be even something like reffering to using some violence or cheating or maybe doing something unethical.

For example:

- We're going to win this election by any means necessary.

In this case, they might be talking about doing something that could be wrong or cheating or immoral.

* any one that you like = one of a particular type of thing when it is not important which.

- For example, if I have a bunch of cars that you can choose from and I say choose "any one that you like" or you can have any one that you like.

- In this case ANY is talking about it is one of a particular type of a thing when something is not important.

So basically oh you can have any one that you like, I'm saying you can have any type of this and it really doesn't matter, it is not important.

* any old thing - anything.

I can't just wear any old thing to the party.