ACAFE-2015/1-MEDICINA-Vestibular de VERÃO da Associação Catarinense das Fundações Educacionais-Florianópolis/SC - Profº Valdenor Sousa - Prova de INGLÊS com gabarito e questões comentadas.

Welcome back to another post!

➧A pauta aqui é PROVA DE INGLÊS NOS VESTIBULARES DE UNIVERSIDADES PARTICULARES.

➧NESTE POST: PROVA de INGLÊS da ACAFE-2015/1.
➧BANCA/ORGANIZADOR:

➧ ACAFE-Associação Catarinense das Fundações Educacionais.

➧ https://vestibular.acafe.org.br/

➧LEITURA de textos de jornais digitais, revistas, websites, é um excelente treino para a prova.

➧PADRÃO/COMPOSIÇÃO DA PROVA:
➧ 24 Questões;

➧ Textos;
➧TÓPICOS ABORDADOS ao longo da prova:
1-VERBS:

[to dampen(Dêmpén) = decrease(dêKríz) = diminish(diMénêxi) = amortecer, diminuir]

[to perpetuate = preserve = keep going = perpetuar, preservar, continuar]

[to retaliate = retaliar]

2-PHRASAL VERBS - USES:
[ = ]
3-PERFECT TENSE - USES:

[has been slightly modified to better suit = foi ligeiramente modificado para se adequar melhor]

[has just reached to settle a = acaba de fechar para resolver uma]

4-MODAL VERBS - USES:
[ = ]
5-NOUN:

[crop = harvest = safra, colheita]

6-ADJECTIVES:
[ = ]
7-ADVERBS:
[ = ]
8-ADJECTIVE PHRASES(Adjective+noun):

[a long-running dispute = uma longa disputa]

[an unhealthy status quo = um status quo doentio]

[an international agreement = um acordo internacional]

[crop producers = produtores de safra, produtores agrícolas]

[the American taxpayer = o contribuinte americano]

[the Obama administration = o governo Obama]

9-IDIOMS(Expressões Idiomáticas):

[pay a person back in the same coin = to retaliate = retaliar]

10-COLLOCATIONS:
[cotton growers = produtores de algodão]

[cotton farmers = produtores de algodão]

[That particular business =  Esse negócio específico]
11-TECHNICAL ENGLISH(Military English, Business English, Finance English, Legal English, Tax English, Customs English and so on):

[deal = agreement = negotiation = acordo, negociação]

[cotton subsidies = subsídios de algodão]

[subsidy(Sâbssirí) = subvention(sâbVéntchen) = auxílio financeiro]

[taxpayer = contribuinte, pagador de imposto]

[The extra supply = a oferta extra]

[Brazil cotton deal = O acordo de algodão do Brasil, O negócio de algodão do Brasil]

[federal funds = Fundos federais]

[EWG = Environmental Working Group = é um grupo ativista americano especializado em pesquisa e advocacia nas áreas de subsídios agrícolas, produtos químicos tóxicos, poluentes da água potável e responsabilidade corporativa. O EWG é um Grupo de Trabalho Ambiental sem fins lucrativos.]

[WTO = World Trade Organization = Organização Mundial do Comércio]

12-CONNECTORES AND LINKERS:

[ = ]
13-GENITIVE CASE:
[Brazil's cotton farmers = Produtores de algodão do Brasil]

14-FALSE COGNATES:
[to complain = reivindicar]
➧Agora vamos à PROVA!

TEXTO 

Brazil cotton deal perpetuates an unhealthy status quo of subsidies

Published by The Washington Post 

(The text below has been slightly modified to better suit the exam)

1

When is a victory for the United States not a victory for the American taxpayer? When it’s an international agreement like the one the Obama administration has just reached to settle a long-running dispute with Brazil over cotton subsidies. The roots of that dispute lie in this country’s history of showering federal funds on crop producers, including cotton growers. That particular business received $32.9 billion from Washington between 1995 and 2012, according to the Environmental Working Group, largely through programs that had the effect of rewarding farmers for increasing production. The extra supply dampened prices on the world market, so, in 2002, Brazil complained to the World Trade Organization, which ruled that US cotton subsidies were indeed “trade-distorting” and authorized Brazil to retaliate against US exports. The United States avoided sanctions — not by reforming its programs but by agreeing in 2010 to pay Brazil’s cotton farmers $147.3 million per year.
2

In short, the US government bought off Brazil’s cotton farmers so that it could keep on buying off its own. Under the new settlement, announced Wednesday, Brazil agreed to drop its case at the WTO and to forgo any new ones during the five-year term of the farm bill Congress enacted last year. In return, the United States agreed to trim the modest US cotton export credit subsidy program and, most important, to pay Brazil one last dollop of taxpayer cash, in the amount of $300 million.
3

This is good news to the extent that it fortifies US-Brazil relations on the eve of a new presidential term in that country and that it spares US exporters from the threat of Brazilian retaliation, which could have reached a total of $829 million per year. Yet, in essence, the new deal perpetuates the unhealthy status quo whereby the United States pays Brazil ____ the right ____ continue propping _____ a domestic cotton industry that can ____ should learn to compete ____ its own.
👉 Questão  15 :

According to the information provided in the text, why did the US government have a dispute with Brazil?
(A) Because of the US subsidies for cotton producers.
(B) Because of the Obama administration's subsidies for industry in general.
(C) Because the United States has a history of withholding federal funding from its crop producers.
(D) Because of the US subsidies for several local businesses. 
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
According to the information provided in the text,  why did the US government have a dispute with Brazil?
(A) Because of the US subsidies for cotton producers.
(B) Because of the Obama administration's subsidies for industry in general.
(C) Because the United States has a history of withholding federal funding from its crop producers.
(D) Because of the US subsidies for several local businesses. 
👉 Questão  16 :
Who had the legal power to decide whether the US subsidies, described in the text, were acceptable or not?
(A)  Brazilian farmers.
(B)  The Brazilian authorities.
(C)  The Obama administration.
(D)  The World Trade Organization.  
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Who had the legal power to decide whether the US subsidies, described in the text, were acceptable or not?
(A)  Brazilian farmers.
(B)  The Brazilian authorities.
(C)  The Obama administration.
(D)  The World Trade Organization.  
👉 Questão  17 :
Based on the information given in the text, who did the US government buy off?
(A)  Only Brazilian cotton farmers.
(B)  Brazilian and American cotton farmers.
(C)  Brazilian farmers in general.
(D)  Brazilian and American farmers in general.  
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Based on the information given in the text, who did the US government buy off?
(A)  Only Brazilian cotton farmers.
(B)  Brazilian and American cotton farmers.
(C)  Brazilian farmers in general.
(D)  Brazilian and American farmers in general.
👉 Questão  18 :
Based on the information given in the text, who did the US government buy off?
(A)  Only Brazilian cotton farmers.
(B)  Brazilian and American cotton farmers.
(C)  Brazilian farmers in general.
(D)  Brazilian and American farmers in general.   

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Based on the information given in the text, who did the US government buy off?
(A)  Only Brazilian cotton farmers.
(B)  Brazilian and American cotton farmers.
(C)  Brazilian farmers in general.
(D)  Brazilian and American farmers in general.
👉 Questão  19 :
Which is the correct sequence of the five words missing in the third paragraph?
(A)  to - to - up - and - in
(B)  to - for - down - that - out
(C)  for - to - up - and - on
(D)  for - of - out - and - on  

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Which is the correct sequence of the five words missing in the third paragraph?
(A) to - to - up - and - in
(B) to - for - down - that - out
(C) for - to - up - and - on
(D) for - of - out - and - on

👉 Questão  20 :
What does buy off mean as used in the text?
(A) To pay money to someone to help them build up their own business.
(B) To charge a lower price than the market value for certain products.
(C) To pay money to someone in order to persuade them not to cause trouble or carry out a threat.
(D) To charge someone interest on money they borrowed from you and have not yet paid back.   

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
What does buy off mean as used in the text?
(A) To pay money to someone to help them build up their own business.
(B) To charge a lower price than the market value for certain products.
(C) To pay money to someone in order to persuade them not to cause trouble or carry out a threat.
(D) To charge someone interest on money they borrowed from you and have not yet paid back.
👉 Questão  21 :
Choose the correct alternative below with the past participle forms of the verbs "lie" (first paragraph), "keep" (second paragraph) and "forgo" (second paragraph).
(A) Lay, kept, forgo.
(B) Lain, kept, forgone.
(C) Lied, kept, forwent.
(D) Lie, keep, forgoed.  

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Choose the correct alternative below with the past participle forms of the verbs “lie” (first paragraph), “keep” (second paragraph) and “forgo” (second paragraph).
(A) Lay, kept, forgo.
(B) Lain, kept, forgone.
(C) Lied, kept, forwent.
(D) Lie, keep, forgoed.