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Welcome back to another post!
➧NESTE POST: PROVA de INGLÊS da PUC-RIO-2006-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,2 e 3, Prova aplicada em 02/12/2005.
➧BANCA/ORGANIZADOR:
• Pontifícia Universidade Católica/RJ.
➧LEITURA de textos de jornais digitais, revistas, websites, é um excelente treino para a prova.
• 10 Questões do tipo Multiple Choice (A,B,C,D,E).
➧TÓPICOS ABORDADOS ao longo da prova:
1-VERBS:
• [to analyze(énnóLáiz) = analisar]
• [to fall = decrease = cair, diminuir]
• [members fell by 50% = membros caíram 50%]
2-PHRASAL VERBS - USES:
• [ = ]
3-PERFECT TENSE - USES:
• [there have been fewer members = houve menos membros]
4-MODAL VERBS - USES:
• [could be either one-way = pode ser unilateral]
5-NOUN:
• [owner(õnôr) = proprietor = proprietário]
• [relationships = relacionamentos]
• [users = usuários]
6-ADJECTIVES:
• [designed = projetada, planejada]
• [former = anterior]
• [worldwide = no mundo todo, mundial, global, continental]
7-ADVERBS:
• [loosely = vagamente, ociosamente]
• [necessarily = necessariamente]
8-NOUN PHRASES(Adjective+noun):
• [An email distribution list = Uma lista de distribuição de e-mail]
• [social groups = grupos sociais]
• [strong bond = forte vínculo, ligação forte]
• [the list owner = o proprietário da lista]
• [virtual community = comunidade virtual]
9-IDIOMS(Expressões Idiomáticas):
• [close friends = amigos íntimos]
10-COLLOCATIONS:
• [in some ways = de alguma forma]
• [Last year = No ano passado,]
• [more than half of = mais da metade de]
11-TECHNICAL ENGLISH(Military English, Business English, Finance English and so on):
• [copyright = direito autoral]
12-CONNECTORES AND LINKERS:
• [because of = por causa de (ideia de causa)]
• [despite = apesar de (ideia de contraste)]
• [due to = devido a, por causa de (ideia de causa)]
• [in addition to = além de (ideia de adição)]
• [instead of = ao invés de (ideia de contraste)]
• [such as = tal como (ideia de exemplificação)]
13-GENITIVE CASE:
• [Orkut's growth = crescimento do Orkut]
14-FALSE COGNATES:
• [ = ]
➧ Agora vamos à PROVA!
• TEXTO 1:
1
Orkut is a virtual community designed to help users meet new friends and maintain existing relationships. Today, "virtual community" is loosely used and interpreted to indicate a variety of social groups connected in some ways by the Internet. It does not necessarily mean that there is a strong bond among the members. An email distribution list on Star Trek may have close to one hundred members, and the communication which takes place there could be either one-way (the list owner making announcements) or merely informational (questions and answers are posted, but members stay relatively strangers and uninterested to each other). The membership turnover rate could be high. This is in line with the liberal use of the term community.
2
Similar to Friendster, Orkut goes a step further by permitting "communities" of users. It is also invitation-only: Users must be invited to join the community by someone already there.
3
Orkut was quietly launched on January 22, 2004 by Google, the search engine company. The service was created by Google employee Orkut Büyükkökten, who had developed a similar system, InCircle, for his previous employer, Affinity Engines. InCircle was intended for use by former university students.
4
With regard to copyrights, their terms of service state: "By submitting, posting or displaying any Materials on or through the Orkut.com service, you automatically grant to us a worldwide, non-exclusive, sublicenseable, transferable, royalty-free, perpetual, irrevocable right to copy, distribute, create derivative works of, publicly perform and display such Materials".
5
Originally, the Orkut community was felt to be elite, because its membership is by invitation only. However, at the end of July 2004 Orkut surpassed the 1,000,000 member mark, and at the end of September it surpassed the 2,000,000 mark. As of September 2004, 57% of Orkut's members were from Brazil, followed by 14% from the United States and 6% from Iran. Brazilians were below 50% from August 9 to August 20, 2004. It is believed that this happened because a lot of them changed their nationality to something else due to a rumor that users with their countries set to Brazil got slower speeds and a greater chance of getting an error page.
6
Invitations to Orkut are obtainable, with a few minutes' (or days') worth of diligence, via the web.
From http://www.whatis.tv/Orkut.html (with slight adaptations)
1. The passage is primarily concerned with:(A) comparing and contrasting Orkut and InCircle systems.
(B) complaining about the strict copyright laws imposed by Orkut.
(C) justifying why the Orkut community has been decreasing quickly lately.
(D) reporting on the most common subjects discussed by Orkut members.
(E) informing people about the main characteristics of the Orkut community.
• ANSWER (E).
• A passagem se preocupa principalmente com:
(A) comparing and contrasting Orkut and InCircle systems.
(A) comparing and contrasting Orkut and InCircle systems.
• comparar e contrastar os sistemas Orkut e InCircle.
(B) complaining about the strict copyright laws imposed by Orkut.
• reclamar das leis rígidas de direitos autorais impostas pelo Orkut.
(C) justifying why the Orkut community has been decreasing quickly lately.
• justificar porque a comunidade do Orkut tem diminuído rapidamente ultimamente.
(D) reporting on the most common subjects discussed by Orkut members.
• informar sobre os assuntos mais comuns discutidos pelos membros do Orkut.
(E) informing people about the main characteristics of the Orkut community.
(E) informing people about the main characteristics of the Orkut community.
• informar as pessoas sobre as principais características da comunidade do Orkut.
2. Mark the only correct statement according to the text.
(A) Only people from higher social classes are allowed to join the Orkut community.
(B) Anyone can join Orkut as long as he gets an invitation from a current member.
(C) Most Brazilian Orkut members must lie about their identities online.
(D) The vast majority of Orkut users consists of university students.
(E) All members of the large Orkut community are close friends.
2. Mark the only correct statement according to the text.
(A) Only people from higher social classes are allowed to join the Orkut community.
(B) Anyone can join Orkut as long as he gets an invitation from a current member.
(C) Most Brazilian Orkut members must lie about their identities online.
(D) The vast majority of Orkut users consists of university students.
(E) All members of the large Orkut community are close friends.
• ANSWER (B).
• Marque a única afirmação correta de acordo com o texto.
(A)Only people from higher social classes are allowed to join the Orkut community.
(A)
• Apenas pessoas de classes sociais mais altas podem entrar na comunidade do Orkut.
• O texto não faz menção sobre restrições quanto à classe social dos membros. O texto expressa que a comunidade Orkut era vista, no início, como elitista devido à necessidade de convite para participar e não devido a classe social propriamente dita.
(B) Anyone can join Orkut as long as he gets an invitation from a current member.
(B) Anyone can join Orkut as long as he gets an invitation from a current member.
• Qualquer pessoa pode aderir ao Orkut, desde que receba o convite de um membro atual.
(C) Most Brazilian Orkut members must lie about their identities online.
(C) Most Brazilian Orkut members must lie about their identities online.
• A maioria dos membros brasileiros do Orkut deve mentir sobre sua identidade online.
(D) The vast majority of Orkut users consists of university students.
(D) The vast majority of Orkut users consists of university students.
• A grande maioria dos usuários do Orkut é formada por estudantes universitários.
(E) All members of the large Orkut community areclose friends.
(E) All members of the large Orkut community are
• Todos os membros da grande comunidade do Orkut são amigos íntimos.
3. According to the third paragraph, it is true that:
(A) In January 2004, Orkut was launched with a lot of media coverage.
(B) The search engine Google has been developed by Affinity Engines.
(C) Orkut and InCircle are virtual communities created by the same person.
(D) Orkut Büyükkökten was working for Google when Affinity Engines hired him.
(E) Both Orkut and InCircle were developed for a company named Affinity Engines.
3. According to the third paragraph, it is true that:
(A) In January 2004, Orkut was launched with a lot of media coverage.
(B) The search engine Google has been developed by Affinity Engines.
(C) Orkut and InCircle are virtual communities created by the same person.
(D) Orkut Büyükkökten was working for Google when Affinity Engines hired him.
(E) Both Orkut and InCircle were developed for a company named Affinity Engines.
• ANSWER (C).
• De acordo com o terceiro parágrafo, é verdade que:
(A) In January 2004, Orkutwas launched with a lot of media coverage.
(A) In January 2004, Orkut
• Em janeiro de 2004, o Orkut foi lançado com grande cobertura da mídia.
• O texto diz que "Orkut was quietly launched", ou seja, o Orkut foi lançado sem alarde.
(B) The search engine Google has been developed by Affinity Engines.
(B) The search engine Google has been developed by Affinity Engines.
• O mecansimo de busca Google foi desenvolvido pela Affinity Engines.
(C) Orkut and InCircle are virtual communities created by the same person.
(C) Orkut and InCircle are virtual communities created by the same person.
• Orkut e InCircle são comunidades virtuais criadas pela mesma pessoa.
(D) Orkut Büyükkökten was working for Google when Affinity Engines hired him.
(D) Orkut Büyükkökten was working for Google when Affinity Engines hired him.
• Orkut Büyükkökten estava trabalhando para o Google quando a Affinity Engines o contratou.
• Ao contrário,Orkut Büyükkökten trabalhou primeiro na Affinity Engines e posteriormente na empresa Google.
(E) Both Orkut and InCircle were developed for a company named Affinity Engines.
(E) Both Orkut and InCircle were developed for a company named Affinity Engines.
• Tanto o Orkut quanto o InCircle foram desenvolvidos para uma empresa chamada Affinity Engines.
• InCircle foi desenvolvido para a Affinity Engines e o Orkut foi desenvolvido para a Google.
• InCircle foi desenvolvido para a Affinity Engines e o Orkut foi desenvolvido para a Google.
4. Check the correct statement about Orkut's growth (lines 33-45).
(A) Last year the number of Orkut's members doubled in only two months.
(B) Orkut's communities have almost as many members from Brazil as from the U.S.
(C) Since September 2004 there have been fewer members from the U.S. than from Iran.
(D) Before September 2004 more than half of Orkut's members were Brazilian.
(E) In the year 2004 the number of Brazilian Orkut members fell by 50%.
(A) Last year the number of Orkut's members doubled in only two months.
(B) Orkut's communities have almost as many members from Brazil as from the U.S.
(C) Since September 2004 there have been fewer members from the U.S. than from Iran.
(D) Before September 2004 more than half of Orkut's members were Brazilian.
(E) In the year 2004 the number of Brazilian Orkut members fell by 50%.
• ANSWER (A).
• Verifique a afirmativa correta sobre o crescimento do Orkut.
(A) Last year the number of Orkut's members doubled in only two months.
(A) Last year the number of Orkut's members doubled in only two months.
• No ano passado, o número de membros do Orkut dobrou em apenas dois meses.
(B) Orkut's communities have almost as many members from Brazil as from the U.S.
(B) Orkut's communities have almost as many members from Brazil as from the U.S.
• As comunidades do Orkut têm quase tantos membros do Brasil quanto dos EUA.
(C) Since September 2004 there have been fewer members from the U.S. than from Iran.
(C) Since September 2004 there have been fewer members from the U.S. than from Iran.
• Desde setembro de 2004, houve menos membros dos EUA do que do Irã.
(D) Before September 2004 more than half of Orkut's members were Brazilian.
(D) Before September 2004 more than half of Orkut's members were Brazilian.
• Antes de setembro de 2004, mais da metade dos membros do Orkut eram brasileiros.
(E) In the year 2004 the number of Brazilian Orkut members fell by 50%.
(E) In the year 2004 the number of Brazilian Orkut members fell by 50%.
• No ano de 2004 o número de membros brasileiros do Orkut caiu em 50%.
5. The only option in which the underlined expression transmits an idea of obligation/necessity is:
(A) "An email distribution list on Star Trek may have close to one hundred members…" (lines 7-8)
(B) "…and the communication which takes place there could be either one-way…or merely informational…" (lines 8-11)
(C) "Users must be invited to join the community by someone already there." (lines 18-19)
(D) "Similar to Friendster, Orkut goes a step further by permitting 'communities of users'. " (line 16-17)
(E) "InCircle was intended for use by former university students ." (lines 24-25)
5. The only option in which the underlined expression transmits an idea of obligation/necessity is:
(A) "An email distribution list on Star Trek may have close to one hundred members…" (lines 7-8)
(B) "…and the communication which takes place there could be either one-way…or merely informational…" (lines 8-11)
(C) "Users must be invited to join the community by someone already there." (lines 18-19)
(D) "Similar to Friendster, Orkut goes a step further by permitting 'communities of users'. " (line 16-17)
(E) "InCircle was intended for use by former university students ." (lines 24-25)
• ANSWER (C).
Questão aborda o tópico "VERBOS MODAIS" e quer saber qual a opção em que a expressão sublinhada transmite uma ideia de obrigação / necessidade.
* "MAY HAVE" expressa ideia de "possibilidade",logo o item (A) está incorreto.
* "COULD BE" expressa ideia de "possibilidade",logo o item (B) está incorreto.
* "MUST BE" expressa ideia de "dever",logo o item (C) está correto.
* "BY PERMITING" expressa ideia de "permissão",logo o item (D) está incorreto.
* "WAS INTENDED" expressa ideia de "intenção",logo o item (E) está incorreto.
6. In the sentence "…a lot of them changed their nationality to something else due to a rumor that users with their countries set to Brazil … an error page." (lines 41-45), "due to" can be best substituted by:
(A) in addition to.
(B) because of.
(C) instead of.
(D) such as.
(E) despite.
Questão aborda o tópico "VERBOS MODAIS" e quer saber qual a opção em que a expressão sublinhada transmite uma ideia de obrigação / necessidade.
* "MAY HAVE" expressa ideia de "possibilidade",logo o item (A) está incorreto.
* "COULD BE" expressa ideia de "possibilidade",logo o item (B) está incorreto.
* "MUST BE" expressa ideia de "dever",logo o item (C) está correto.
* "BY PERMITING" expressa ideia de "permissão",logo o item (D) está incorreto.
* "WAS INTENDED" expressa ideia de "intenção",logo o item (E) está incorreto.
6. In the sentence "…a lot of them changed their nationality to something else due to a rumor that users with their countries set to Brazil … an error page." (lines 41-45), "due to" can be best substituted by:
(A) in addition to.
(B) because of.
(C) instead of.
(D) such as.
(E) despite.
• ANSWER (B).
• Questão aborda o tópico "MARCADORES DISCURSIVOS" e quer saber qual a opção que transmite a mesma ideia da expressão "due to"(devido a/por causa de). Lembrando,"due to" transmite ideia de "causa".
* "IN ADDITION TO"(além de) expressa ideia de "adição" e não de "causa",logo item "A" está incorreto.
* "BECAUSE OF"(por causa de) expressa ideia de " "causa",logo item "B" está correto.
* "INSTEAD OF"(ao invés de) expressa ideia de "contraste" e não de "causa",logo item "C" está incorreto.
* "SUCH AS"(tal como) expressa ideia de "exemplificação" e não de "causa",logo item "D" está incorreto.
* "DESPITE"(apesar de) expressa ideia de "contraste" e não de "causa",logo item "E" está incorreto.
7. Mark the only correct statement.
(A) "It" (line 5) refers to "Internet".
(B) "Which" (line 9) refers to "members".
(C) "Who" (line 23) refers to "Google".
(D) "His" (line 23) refers to "employer".
(E) "Its" (line 34) refers to "community".
• Questão aborda o tópico "MARCADORES DISCURSIVOS" e quer saber qual a opção que transmite a mesma ideia da expressão "due to"(devido a/por causa de). Lembrando,"due to" transmite ideia de "causa".
* "IN ADDITION TO"(além de) expressa ideia de "adição" e não de "causa",logo item "A" está incorreto.
* "BECAUSE OF"(por causa de) expressa ideia de " "causa",logo item "B" está correto.
* "INSTEAD OF"(ao invés de) expressa ideia de "contraste" e não de "causa",logo item "C" está incorreto.
* "SUCH AS"(tal como) expressa ideia de "exemplificação" e não de "causa",logo item "D" está incorreto.
* "DESPITE"(apesar de) expressa ideia de "contraste" e não de "causa",logo item "E" está incorreto.
7. Mark the only correct statement.
(A) "It" (line 5) refers to "Internet".
(B) "Which" (line 9) refers to "members".
(C) "Who" (line 23) refers to "Google".
(D) "His" (line 23) refers to "employer".
(E) "Its" (line 34) refers to "community".
• ANSWER (E).
Questão aborda o tópico "RELAÇÃO CORRETA DO PRONOME E O SEU REFERENTE(ANTECEDENTE)".
* O item (A) está incorreto, pois "it" é sujeito da oração"" e não se refere a "Internet".
* O item (B) está incorreto, pois "which" refere-se a "communication" e não se refere a "members".
* O item (C) está incorreto, pois "who" refere-se a "Orkut Büyükkökten" e não se refere a "Google".
* O item (D) está incorreto, pois "his" refere-se a "Orkut Büyükkökten" e não se refere a "employer".
* O item (E) está correto, pois "its" refere-se a "community".
8. Mark the only option in which the two words ARE NOT synonymous in the text.
(A) former (line 25) - past.
(B) state (line 27) - declare.
(C) worldwide (line 29) - continental.
(D) irrevocable (line 31) - irreversible.
(E) via (line 47) - through.
Questão aborda o tópico "RELAÇÃO CORRETA DO PRONOME E O SEU REFERENTE(ANTECEDENTE)".
* O item (A) está incorreto, pois "it" é sujeito da oração"" e não se refere a "Internet".
* O item (B) está incorreto, pois "which" refere-se a "communication" e não se refere a "members".
* O item (C) está incorreto, pois "who" refere-se a "Orkut Büyükkökten" e não se refere a "Google".
* O item (D) está incorreto, pois "his" refere-se a "Orkut Büyükkökten" e não se refere a "employer".
* O item (E) está correto, pois "its" refere-se a "community".
8. Mark the only option in which the two words ARE NOT synonymous in the text.
(A) former (line 25) - past.
(B) state (line 27) - declare.
(C) worldwide (line 29) - continental.
(D) irrevocable (line 31) - irreversible.
(E) via (line 47) - through.
• ANSWER (C).
• Questão aborda o tópico "SINONÍMIA CONTEXTUALIZADA",ou seja,só interessa sinonímia no contexto e não isoladamente.
* "former"(anterior) e "past"(passado) não são sinônimos na linha 25,portanto item (A) está incorreto.
* "state" e "declare" não são sinônimos na linha 27,portanto item (B) está incorreto.
* "worldwide"(universal) e "continental"(global) são sinônimos na linha 29,portanto item (C) está correto.
* "irrevocable"(irrevogável) e "irreversible"(irreversível) não são sinônimos na linha 31,portanto item (D) está incorreto.
* "via"(através de) e "through" não são sinônimos na linha 47,portanto item (E) está incorreto.
9. The verb TO GET, used in lines 43-44, is also found in several idiomatic expressions.
• Questão aborda o tópico "SINONÍMIA CONTEXTUALIZADA",ou seja,só interessa sinonímia no contexto e não isoladamente.
* "former"(anterior) e "past"(passado) não são sinônimos na linha 25,portanto item (A) está incorreto.
* "state" e "declare" não são sinônimos na linha 27,portanto item (B) está incorreto.
* "worldwide"(universal) e "continental"(global) são sinônimos na linha 29,portanto item (C) está correto.
* "irrevocable"(irrevogável) e "irreversible"(irreversível) não são sinônimos na linha 31,portanto item (D) está incorreto.
* "via"(através de) e "through" não são sinônimos na linha 47,portanto item (E) está incorreto.
9. The verb TO GET, used in lines 43-44, is also found in several idiomatic expressions.
Check the item in which the meaning of the expression is correctly described.
(A) Peter just wanted to get back to the computer to chat with his friends. (start)
(B) How am I supposed to get along with members of virtual communities? (meet)
(C) It is difficult to get through this amount of work in such a short time. (analyze)
(D) They used Orkut to get away from their daily routine. (escape)
(E) Melissa still did not get over the shock of splitting with her boyfriend. (win)
(A) Peter just wanted to get back to the computer to chat with his friends. (start)
(B) How am I supposed to get along with members of virtual communities? (meet)
(C) It is difficult to get through this amount of work in such a short time. (analyze)
(D) They used Orkut to get away from their daily routine. (escape)
(E) Melissa still did not get over the shock of splitting with her boyfriend. (win)
• ANSWER (D).
• Questão aborda o tópico "EXPRESSÕES IDIOMÁTICAS COM O VERBO TO GET". e quer saber qual o item em que o significado da expressão está corretamente descrito.
• Questão aborda o tópico "EXPRESSÕES IDIOMÁTICAS COM O VERBO TO GET". e quer saber qual o item em que o significado da expressão está corretamente descrito.
(A) Peter just wanted to get back to the computer to chat with his friends. (start)
• Peter só queria voltar ao computador para conversar com seus amigos.
• "get back"(voltar, retornar) expressa significado diferente de "to start"(iniciar).
(B) How am I supposed to get along with members of virtual communities? (meet)
(B) How am I supposed to get along with members of virtual communities? (meet)
• Como devo me relacionar com membros de comunidades virtuais?
• "get along with"(relacionar-se bem, entender-se bem) expressa significado diferente de "to meet"(encontrar).
(C) It is difficult to get through this amount of work in such a short time. (analyze)• É difícil terminar esta quantidade de trabalho em tão pouco tempo.(D) They used Orkut to get away from their daily routine. (escape)
• "get through"(terminar, completar) expressa significado diferente de "to analyze"(analisar).
• Eles usaram o Orkut para fugir da rotina diária.(E) Melissa still did not get over the shock of splitting with her boyfriend. (win)
• "get away"(fugir) e "to escape"(escapar, fugir) expressam o mesmo significado.
• Melissa ainda não superou o choque de se separar do namorado.
10. The passive voice is used in "Orkut was quietly launched on January 22, 2004". Find the sentence that is also in the passive voice.
(A) Communities have never rejected new members.
(B) Good ideas took shape at the end of the session.
(C) Some communities have been able to control their growth.
(D) Several social groups could be connected by the Internet.
(E) Young students are never tired of chatting with friends on email.
• "get over"(recuperar-se, superar) expressa significado diferente de "to win"(ganhar).
(A) Communities have never rejected new members.
(B) Good ideas took shape at the end of the session.
(C) Some communities have been able to control their growth.
(D) Several social groups could be connected by the Internet.
(E) Young students are never tired of chatting with friends on email.
|
Resposta : (D) |
* Item (C) está incorreto pois o verbo está apenas no "present perfect".
* Item (D) está correto.
* Item (E) está incorreto pois o verbo está apenas no "simple present",onde "tired" é adjetivo e não particípio passado.
* Item (D) está correto.
* Item (E) está incorreto pois o verbo está apenas no "simple present",onde "tired" é adjetivo e não particípio passado.
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