EFOMM–PS–2025–OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE–PUBLIC SERVICE EXAM, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

• PROCESSO SELETIVO DE ADMISSÃO ÀS ESCOLAS DE FORMAÇÃO DE OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE-PS-2025.

❑ ESTRUTURA DA PROVA:

• 20 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

❑ TEXTO 1:

>> SIGNIFICADO/TRADUÇÃO DA MÚSICA:

* Dua Lipa, conhecida por seu estilo pop moderno, utiliza a música para transmitir uma mensagem de autoconfiança e independência.

As referências a 'diamantes sob os olhos' e 'nenhum cabelo fora do lugar' simbolizam a capacidade de manter a compostura e a beleza mesmo quando se está passando por momentos difíceis, como um coração partido ou um mundo que está desmoronando.

A repetição do verso 'I could dance' reforça a ideia de que, independentemente do que aconteça, ela tem a força para continuar.

A música também aborda a ideia de que a noite é um momento de libertação, onde as lágrimas e a dor podem ser deixadas de lado para dar lugar à celebração e à alegria.

A dança, neste contexto, é tanto uma fuga quanto uma forma de expressão, permitindo que a protagonista se sinta viva e presente, apesar das turbulências emocionais.

'Dance The Night' é, portanto, uma ode à resiliência feminina e à capacidade de encontrar alegria e força mesmo nos momentos mais desafiadores.

* Fonte: https://www.letras.mus.br/tones-and-i/dance-monkey/significado.html

Dance The Night

Dua Lipa

Baby, you can find me under the lights

Baby, você pode me encontrar sob as luzes

Diamonds under my eyes

Diamantes sob meus olhos

Turn the rhythm up, don't you wanna just

Aumente o ritmo, você não quer apenas

Come along for the ride?

vir junto ao passeio?

Ooh, my outfit so tight

Ooh, minhas roupas bem apertadas

You can see my heartbeat tonight

Você pode ver meu batimento cardíaco esta noite

I can take the heat, baby, best believe

Eu posso suportar as críticas, baby, é melhor acreditar

That's the moment I shine

Que é nesses momentos que eu brilho

Cause every romance shakes and it bends

Porque todo romance se agita e se curva

Don't give a damn

Não me importo

When the night's here, I don't do tears

Quando a noite chega, eu não derramo lágrimas

Baby, no chance

Baby, sem chance

I could dance, I could dance, I could dance 

Eu poderia dançar, eu poderia dançar, eu poderia dançar

Watch me dance, dance the night away

me veja dançar, dançar a noite toda

My heart could be burning, but you won't see it on my face

Meu coração poderia estar queimando, mas você não verá isso em meu rosto

Watch me dance, dance the night away

me veja dançar, dançar a noite toda

I still keep the party running, not one hair out of place

Continuo mantendo o clima animado, sem um único fio de cabelo fora do lugar

Lately, I've been moving close to the edge

Ultimamente, venho me aproximando do limite

Still be looking my best

Continuo em minha melhor forma

I stay on the beat, you can count on me

Eu mantenho o ritmo, você pode contar comigo

I ain't missing no steps

Eu não perco nenhum passo

Cause every romance shakes and it bends

Don't give a damn

When the night's here, I don't do tears

Baby, no chance

I could dance, I could dance, I could dance

Watch me dance, dance the night away

My heart could be burning, but you won't see it on my face

Watch me dance (dance), dance the night away (uh-huh)

I still keep the party running, not one hair out of place

When my heart breaks (they'll never see it, never see it)

Quando meu coração se parte (eles nunca o verão, nunca o verão)

When my world shakes (I feel alive, I feel alive)

Quando meu mundo se abala (eu me sinto viva, eu me sinto viva)

I don't play it safe (ooh)

Eu assumo riscos (ooh)

Don't you know about me? (uh-huh)

Você não me conhece?

I could dance, I could dance, I could dance

Eu poderia dançar, eu poderia dançar, eu poderia dançar

Even when the tears are flowing like diamonds on my face

Mesmo quando as lágrimas estão escorrendo como diamantes em meu rosto

I still keep the party going, not one hair out of place (yes, I can)

Eu continuo mantendo o clima animado, sem um único fio de cabelo fora do lugar (sim, eu posso)

Even when the tears are flowing like diamonds on my face (yes, I can, yes, I can)

Mesmo quando as lágrimas estão escorrendo como diamantes em meu rosto (sim, eu posso, sim, eu posso)

I still keep the party going, not one hair out of place

Eu continuo mantendo o clima animado, sem um único fio de cabelo fora do lugar

Watch me dance, dance the night away (uh-huh)

My heart could be burning, but you won't see it on my face

Watch me (dance) dance, dance the night away (uh-huh)

I still keep the party running, not one hair out of place

When my heart breaks (they'll never see it, never see it)

When my world shakes (I feel alive, I feel alive)

I don't play it safe (ooh)

Don't you know about me? (uh-huh)

I could dance, I could dance, I could dance

(From: letras.mus.br/dua-lipa/dance-the-night)

01 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) It is possible to infer from the song that (she):

(A) can dance the night away because she is no longer in chains.

(B) is happy even though her relationship is over.

(C) although she is sad, she doesn’t want to show it.

(D) is celebrating the weakness of romance.

(E) thinks that everyone in a relationship shouldn’t dance.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

It is possible to infer from the song that (she):

É possível inferir da música que (ela):

(A) can dance the night away because she is no longer in chains.

pode dançar a noite toda porque não está mais acorrentada.

(B) is happy even though her relationship is over.

está feliz, embora seu relacionamento tenha acabado.

(C) although she is sad, she doesn’t want to show it.

embora esteja triste, ela não quer demonstrar.

• My heart could be burning, but you won't see it on my face
  Meu coração poderia estar queimando, mas você não verá isso em meu rosto
  Watch me dance, dance the night away
  me veja dançar, dançar a noite toda
  I still keep the party running, not one hair out of place
  Continuo mantendo o clima animado, sem um único fio de cabelo fora do lugar

(D) is celebrating the weakness of romance.

está celebrando a fraqueza do romance.

(E) thinks that everyone in a relationship shouldn’t dance.

acha que todos em um relacionamento não deveriam dançar.

02 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• “Don’t give a damn”

the sentence in bold means:

(A) what goes round, comes around.

(B) a piece of cake.

(C) all ears.

(D) never mind.

(E) break a leg.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - IDIOMS (EXPRESSÕES IDIOMÁTICAS):

https://www.cartoonstock.com

• “Don’t give a damn”
• “Não me importo”

the sentence in bold means:

(A) what goes round, comes around.

o que vai, volta.

(B) a piece of cake.

fácil

(C) all ears.

estar pronto para ouvir o que alguém tem a dizer

(D) never mind.

não se importar, não dar importância ou atenção a algo ou alguém, tanto faz. 

(E) break a leg.

“Boa sorte!” 

03 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

In the sentence,

• “Lately I‘ve been moving close to the edge”,

there is an example of:

(A) present continuous tense.

(B) present perfect tense.

(C) present perfect continuous tense.

(D) past perfect tense.

(E) past perfect continuous tense.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - PRESENT PERFECT CONTINOUS "HAVE/HAS BEEN + "-ING of the base form of a Verb":

In the sentence,

• “Lately I have been moving close to the edge”,
• “Ultimamente, venho me aproximando do limite”,

04 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

Which option is correct to complete the sentences below?

I- Therapy is good _________ life.

II- She doesn’t seem attractive ________ him.

III- Kindness is important ________ a public person.

IV- I’ll be there ____________ May 21st .

V- Summer starts ___________ December in Brazil.

(A) for - to - for - on - in.

(B) to- for - to - on - in.

(C) for - to - to - in - on.

(D) to - to - for - in - on.

(E) to - for - to - in - on.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICO - PREPOSITIONS: TO vs FOR, IN vs ON:

I - Therapy is good for life. (a benefit)

A terapia faz bem para a vida.

>> "be good for"( faz bem para) usado nas colocattions "good for health/sucess/career" etc. P

• Exercise is good for you.
• Vegetables are good for you.
• Vitamin C is good for your immune system.
• Broccoli is good for you.

>> "good to" com as collocations:

• He's very good at music. (Ele é muito bom em música.)
• She was very good to me when my husband died.(Ela foi muito boa para mim quando meu marido morreu.) 
• She's good with figures. (Ela é boa com números.)

II- She doesn’t seem attractive to him. Use "attractive to" , not "attractive for".

Ela não parece atraente para ele.

>> "attractive to" é usado para descrever algo que atrai os outros

• A political movement that is attractive to young people. (Um movimento político que é atraente para os jovens.)
• We need to make the club attractive to a wider range of people.(Precisamos tornar o clube atraente para um público maior.)
• Schools must try to make science more attractive to youngsters. (As escolas devem tentar tornar a ciência mais atraente para os jovens.)

III- Kindness is important for a public person. (refers to a purpose)

A gentileza é importante para uma pessoa pública.

>> "important for" usado nas colocattions "important for health/sucess/career/survival/plant growth" etc.

• Diet and exercise are important for health. (refers to a purpose) (https://www.merriam-webster.com)
• Sunlight is important for plant growth. (refers to a purpose)
• Water is important for survival. (refers to a purpose)

>> "important to"  é usado com as collocations:

• Spending time with my children is important to me.
• The work of the intelligence services was crucially important to victory in the war.

IV- I’ll be there on May 21st . ("on " before full dates)

Estarei lá no dia 21 de maio.

• in May
• on May 21st
• at May 21st, 2024.

V- Summer starts in December in Brazil.

O verão começa em dezembro no Brasil.

• in December
• on December 15th
• at December 15th, 2024.

>> Uso da preposição "TO" em diferentes contextos:

(1) "TO" usado para indicar "o destino" ou "direção"):

1. We’re going to Liverpool next week. (Vamos para Liverpool na próxima semana.)(The destination → Liverpool)
2. I always take the subway to school. (Sempre pego o metrô para ir à escola.)(The destination → school)
3. I have to go to the supermarket. (Tenho que ir ao supermercado.)(go to the /Gôrada/)(The destination → the supermarket)
4. Come to my house! (Vem para minha casa!)(The destination → my house)
5. She walks to work every day! (Ela vai a pé para o trabalho todos os dias!)(The destination → work)
6. The dog ran to us as soon as we arrived. (O cachorro correu até nós assim que chegamos.)(The direction → us)

(2)"TO" usado nos 7 verbos:

• "be used to" 
• "get used to"
• "listen to"
• "look forward to"
• "object to,
• "reply to"
• "respond to".

(3)"TO" na collocation:

• "make love to you"(fazer amor com você) 

(4)"TO" usado nos adjetivos: cruel to, faithful to, generous to, kind to, loyal to, nasty to.

• I cannot bear people being cruel to animals.
(Não suporto pessoas sendo cruéis com animais.)
• Do you think Bob’s always been faithful to you? (Você acha que Bob sempre foi fiel a você?)
• She’s always very generous to the kids.(Ela é sempre muito generosa com as crianças.)
• Be kind to her. You’re so nasty to her! Seja gentil com ela. Você é tão desagradável com ela!
• Many individuals have been loyal to the Conservative Party all their lives.(Muitas pessoas foram leais ao Partido Conservador durante toda a vida.)

(5) "TO" usado para mostrar um propósito ou intenção.

• You are to wait here until I return. (Você deve esperar aqui até eu retornar.)
• They are to be married on May 25th. (Eles devem se casar em 25 de maio.)

(6) "TO" usado depois do verbo ‘be’ para dar uma ordem ou para declarar arranjos para o futuro.

• You are to wait here until I return. (Você deve esperar aqui até eu retornar.)
• They are to be married on May 25th. (Eles devem se casar em 25 de maio.)

(7) "TO" usado para dizer qual é sua atitude ou propósito ao dizer algo:

• To be quite honest, I’ve never heard of him. (Para ser bem sincero, nunca ouvi falar dele.)
• To begin with, let’s look at Chapter 3. (Para começar, vamos dar uma olhada no Capítulo 3.)

(8) "TO" usado para dizer o que pode ou não ser feito:

• You’ll soon be old enough to vote in elections. (Você logo terá idade suficiente para votar nas eleições.)
• I’m too tired to go out tonight. (Estou cansado demais para sair hoje à noite.)

(8) "TO" usado para se referir a uma ação, ao descrevê-la:

• To say I am disappointed is an understatement. (Dizer que estou decepcionado é um eufemismo.)
• He’s finding it hard to cope. (Ele está achando difícil lidar com isso.)

>> Uso da preposição "FOR" em diferentes contextos:

(1) "FOR " usado para indicar "duração de tempo":

• I've been waiting for two hours. (Estou esperando há duas horas.)
• She has been waiting for four hours. (Ela está esperando há quatro horas.)
• I've known her for a long time. (Eu a conheço há um tempão).
• I've been learning Spanish for a year. (Estou aprendendo espanhol há um ano.).
• They've been living in Liverpool for two years. (Eles estão morando em Liverpool há dois anos.)

>> TO vs FOR

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 2: Based on the text below, answer questions 5 and 6.

After making his name battling zombies in 28 Days Later and ruling a ruthless gang in Peaky Blinders, Cillian Murphy has now been recognised as a Hollywood heavyweight after winning his first Oscar for playing the father of the atomic bomb in Oppenheimer.

Depois de fazer seu nome lutando contra zumbis em "28 Days Later" e comandar uma gangue implacável em Peaky Blinders, Cillian Murphy agora é reconhecido como um peso-pesado de Hollywood após ganhar seu primeiro Oscar por interpretar o pai da bomba atômica em Oppenheimer.

• "a ruthless gang" – uma gangue implacável.
• "heavyweight" /'hɛ.vi.weɪt/ – peso-pesado, campeão.
• "for playing" – por interpretar, ao interpretar.

As an actor with a serious reputation and a serious talent, it was refreshing that the first thing to come out of Murphy's mouth when he went on stage to accept his best actor statuette was a joyful laugh.

Como um ator com uma reputação séria e um grande talento, foi revigorante que a primeira coisa que saiu da boca de Murphy quando ele subiu ao palco para aceitar sua estatueta de melhor ator foi uma risada alegre.

• "a serious reputation" – uma reputação séria.
• "a serious talent"  – um grande talento.
• "it was refreshing" – foi revigorante.
• "went on stage" – subiu ao palco.
• "a joyful laugh" – gargalhada alegre.

Not someone usually given to public displays of emotion, it was clear how much winning an Oscar meant.

Não sendo alguém normalmente dado a demonstrações públicas de emoção, estava claro o quanto ganhar um Oscar significava.

He may have been the frontrunner to win throughout awards season, but he was still "a little overwhelmed" to have the Oscar in his hand, he told the audience.

Ele pode ter sido o favorito para ganhar durante toda a temporada de premiações, mas ele ainda estava "um pouco impressionado" por ter o Oscar em suas mãos, ele disse ao público.

• "a little overwhelmed" – um pouco impressionado, um pouco abalado.

Declaring himself "a very proud Irishman" - the first Irish-born star to win best actor at the Oscars, in fact - he did then get serious.

Declarando-se "um irlandês muito orgulhoso" - o primeiro astro nascido na Irlanda a ganhar o prêmio de melhor ator no Oscar, na verdade - ele então deu a devida importância.

• "a very proud Irishman" – um irlandês muito orgulhoso.
• "get serious" – levar a sério, dar a devida importância a algo ou alguém, considerar algo como algo de grande responsabilidade. .

Clearly conscious of his winning role as J Robert Oppenheimer, the US theoretical physicist whose work gave humanity the potential for nuclear annihilation, he dedicated the award to "the peacemakers everywhere".

Claramente consciente de seu papel vencedor como J. Robert Oppenheimer, o físico teórico norte-americano cujo trabalho deu à humanidade o potencial para a aniquilação nuclear, ele dedicou o prêmio aos "pacifistas de todos os lugares".

• "the peacemakers everywhere" – pacifistas de todos os lugares.
• (By: Steven McIntosh and Ian Youngs, Entertainment reporters. bbc.com)

05 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Considering the text, it is safe to say that Cillian Murphy:

(A) is not “overwhelmed” enough.

(B) is still “a little overwhelmed”.

(C) is proud just because he is an Irishman.

(D) is the best actor at the Oscars, so he’s proud of himself.

(E) is the only actor with a serious reputation and a serious talent.

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

Considering the text, it is safe to say that Cillian Murphy:

(A) is not “overwhelmed” enough.

(B) is still “a little overwhelmed”.

• He may have been the frontrunner to win throughout awards season, but he was still "a little overwhelmed" to have the Oscar in his hand, he told the audience.
  Ele pode ter sido o favorito para ganhar durante toda a temporada de premiações, mas ele ainda estava "um pouco impressionado" por ter o Oscar em suas mãos, ele disse ao público.

(C) is proud just because he is an Irishman.

(D) is the best actor at the Oscars, so he’s proud of himself.

(E) is the only actor with a serious reputation and a serious talent.

06 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• “Not someone usually given to public displays of emotion”.

According to the text line Murphy is:

(A) outgoing.

(B) foolish.

(C) dedicated.

(D) snobbish.

(E) introverted.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

• Not someone usually given to public displays of emotion”.
• Não é alguém geralmente dado a demonstrações públicas de emoção”.

According to the text line Murphy is:

(A) outgoing. extrovertido, sociável, saliente.

(B) foolish. tolo, imprudente.

(C) dedicated. dedicado, esforçado.

(D) snobbish. /'snɒbɪʃ/ esnobe, arrogante, pretensioso

(E) introverted. introvertido, aquele que prefere atividades solitárias e se sente mais revigorado em ambientes tranquilos.

07 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) The sentences are grammatically correct, EXCEPT in:

(A) I have always a delicious breakfast in the morning.

(B) Jane is always complaining about her parents.

(C) People are vulnerable.

(D) Taylor Swift will probably not return to Brazil again.

(E) Ronaldo was never the best!

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) I have always a delicious breakfast in the morning.

>>INCORRETA (erro :posicionamento do advérbio)

>> Os advérbios de frequência vêm antes do verbo principal. No entanto, quando houver o verbo “to be”, os advérbios devem vir depois dele.

• I always take a delicious breakfast in the morning.
• Eu sempre tomo um café da manhã delicioso de manhã.

(B) Jane is always complaining about her parents.

(C) People are vulnerable. (adjetivo não se flexiona)

(D) Taylor Swift will probably not return to Brazil again.

(E) Ronaldo was never the best!

>> SUMMARY CHART:

From: https://test-english.com

08 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the option that correctly completes the blanks below, respectively:

Kite boards - they’re a familiar sight on many beaches, tearing ______ the water at phenomenal speeds. They are often taking ______several feet into the air, usually with some fit, young person in a wetsuit clinging on ______dear life. Kite sailing started to develop as a sport in the 1980s, but it really took ______ with the advent of a new type of inflatable kite in the late 1990s. It’s an exhilarating sport and ideal for long summer afternoons on the beach. But as _______ going out to sea, let alone crossing an open stretch of ocean, forget it.

• (Adapted from: Voices from the sea.)

(A) apart, up, into, out, in

(B) up, over, across, after, about

(C) across, off, for, off, for

(D) into, out, to, up, to 

(E) in, to, about, in, after

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

>>Kite boards - they’re a familiar sight on many beaches, tearing across the water at phenomenal speeds.

Pranchas de kitesurf - elas são uma visão comum em muitas praias, cruzando a água em velocidades fenomenais.

>>They are often taking off several feet into the air, usually with some fit, young person in a wetsuit clinging on for dear life.

Eles geralmente decolam vários metros no ar, geralmente com algum jovem em forma, usando uma roupa de mergulho, agarrando-se a eles com toda a força.

>>Kite sailing started to develop as a sport in the 1980s, but it really took off with the advent of a new type of inflatable kite in the late 1990s.

O kitesurf começou a se desenvolver como esporte na década de 1980, mas realmente decolou com o advento de um novo tipo de pipa inflável no final da década de 1990.

>>It’s an exhilarating sport and ideal for long summer afternoons on the beach.

É um esporte emocionante e ideal para longas tardes de verão na praia.

>>But as for going out to sea, let alone crossing an open stretch of ocean, forget it.

Mas quanto a ir para o mar, e muito menos atravessar um trecho aberto do oceano, esqueça.

09 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the grammatically correct option.

(A) We want them each to study hard for exams.

(B) Mary kissed them each.

(C) By March, whole Rio de Janeiro was under water.

(D) None of my parents went to the beach yesterday.

(E) There is very much water coming through the ceiling.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

(A) We want them each to study hard for exams.

Queremos que cada um deles estude bastante para as provas.

>>CORRETA: "... them each to ..."

>>EXPLICAÇÃO:

• When you say "each of them" or "them each", you're referring to each individual in a group (them). – Quando você diz "cada um deles", você está se referindo a cada indivíduo em um grupo (eles). 
• "them each", é pareado com  a PREPOSITION PHRASE ou INFINITIVE-TO. 
• We want them each to study hard for exams.
• Queremos que cada um deles estude bastante para as provas.
• Sue kissed them each on the forehead.(EFOMM-2021)
• Sue beijou cada um deles na testa.
• How much am I supposed to pay them each?
• Quanto devo pagar a cada um deles?”

(B) Mary kissed them each.(INCORRETA)

>>SENTENÇA CORREGIDA:

• Mary kissed them each to show her gratitude.
• Mary kissed them each to express a sense of thankfulness.

(C) By March, whole Rio de Janeiro was under water.(INCORRETA)

• In March, whole Rio de Janeiro was under water.

(D) None of my parents went to the beach yesterday. (INCORRETA)

>>Usamos "none of" antes de demonstrativos (this, that), possessivos (my, your) ou pronomes:

• None of his old friends knew what had happened to him.
• It doesn’t matter. None of it was your fault.

(E) There is very much water coming through the ceiling.(INCORRETA)

>> No contexto, cabe "come out of":

• There is very much water coming out of the ceiling.
• Há muita água saindo do teto.

- A estrutura "There is very much water" está gramaticalmente correta, vê o padrão:

• There is much water.
• There is so much water.
• There is very much water.
• There is too much water.

>> Contextos que cabem o "TO COME THROUGH":

(1) If a piece of information or a document comes through, you receive it: (RECEBER/CHEGAR documentos, noticias)

• My visa still hasn't come through. (Cambridge Dictionary)
• Meu Cartão Visa ainda não chegou.
• Have the test results come through yet?(Cambridge Dictionary)
• Os resultados dos testes já chegaram?
• There is news just coming through of an explosion in a chemical factory. (Longman Dictionary)
• Acabamos de receber notícias de uma explosão em uma fábrica de produtos químicos.

(2) to be made official (SER OFICIALIZADO):

• I’m still waiting for my divorce to come through. (Longman Dictionary)
• Ainda estou esperando meu divórcio ser oficializado.

(3) to succeed in a difficult situation:(TER SUCESSO EM em uma situação difícil, SUPERAR uma situação difícil, LIDAR):

• He's a great leader who always comes through under pressure. (Cambridge Dictionary)
• Ele é um grande líder que sempre supera a pressão.
• Investors had faith we would come through for them in the long run. (Cambridge Dictionary)
• Os investidores tinham fé que nós os superaríamos no longo prazo..

(4) to survive , to continue to live after an accident or a difficult or dangerous situation:(SOBREVIVER):

• It was a miracle that he came through that car crash alive. (Cambridge Dictionary)
• Ele é um grande líder que sempre supera a pressão.
• If he comes through the operation OK he should be back to normal within a month. (Longman Dictionary)
• Se ele passar bem pela operação, ele deverá voltar ao normal dentro de um mês.

(5) If an emotion comes through, other people can notice it:
 (FICAR APARENTE, TRANSPARECER):

• His nervousness came through when he spoke. (Cambridge Dictionary)
• Seu nervosismo transparecia quando ele falava.

*(6) "COME THROUGH WITH something" = to do something that you have agreed to do or been asked to do:
 (CONCEDER ALGO):

• He's still hoping the bank will come through with a loan. (Cambridge Dictionary)
• Ele ainda espera que o banco lhe conceda um empréstimo.

❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO 3: Based on the text below, answer questions 10, 11 and 12.

Ships and seamanship By Jan Bill Although shipbuilding traditions in Viking-Age Scandinavia were not fundamentally different from those in other parts of northern Europe, archaeological evidence shows that Viking ships were lighter, slimmer, faster, and thus probably better sailers than the heavier vessels used by the English and, presumably, the Franks at that time. There are two main reasons for these differences. The first is geographical. In Scandinavia waterways and access to the sea were more important factors in determining the location of settlements than they were in other parts of northern Europe. In Norway and Sweden most people lived near the coast or around large lakes, while the forests and mountains were very sparsely settled. Inland waterways were not only sheltered; they were also routes to the sea. No part of Viking-Age Denmark was far from the sea; it was virtually an archipelago, joined to the Continent by a narrow strip of land, and separated from the interior of the great Scandinavian peninsula by a deep barrier of forest. These natural features also meant that the authority of many rulers in Viking-Age Scandinavia, unlike that of their contemporaries in Europe, to a large extent depended on ships and control of the sea. The extensive empire that Danish kings ruled at the end of the eighth century was to a significant degree based on naval power. The second reason is historical. Scandinavia was sufficiently remote from the Romans and, later, the Franks for its political and religious life to flourish relatively unaffected by the transformations that occurred in other parts of Europe in the first millennium AD. One feature that survived was the central role of the ship as both a religious and secular symbol, a role that is illustrated by the fact that Bronze-Age stone ship-settings and metal representations of ships were already well developed over a thousand years before Christ. The symbolic significance of ships naturally led to refinements in their construction: a fine ship conferred prestige on its owner. In the clash between Christian and Nordic culture that occurred in the Viking Age, ship burials were more frequent than they had previously been, implying that ships had acquired even greater significance as a religious symbol, at least among the pagans who resisted the advance of the new religion. The symbolic and practical importance of ships in early Scandinavian society resulted in such improvements in ship design that Scandinavians were well equipped in comparison with other north Europeans. The contrast was all the greater because in many parts of Europe one of the main functions of ships had long been to carry cargoes, a purpose for which speed and elegance were not highly prized qualities. On the Atlantic and the North Sea Viking ships met the same challenges as the ships of the English, Frisians, and Franks, but they did so for different reasons.

(From: The Oxford Illustrated History of the Vikings.)

10 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct option according to the text: 

(A) The vessels used by the English were slenderer than Viking ships.

(B) The pagans ruled out the ship as a religious symbol.

(C) Access to the sea was disregarded when deciding on settlement locations.

(D) Natural features had a detrimental impact on seamanship. (E) Mountains were scantly occupied in Norway and Sweden.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO: 

11 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) In what option the word ‘fine’ is used with the same meaning as in

• “[…] a fine ship conferred prestige on its owner.”

Choose the correct option.

(A) She has inherited her mother’s fine features.

(B) Offenders will be liable to a heavy fine.

(C) I was feeling fine when I got up this morning.

(D) They have a well-stocked cellar full of fine wines.

(E) The baby's head was covered in fine blond hair.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

12 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) 

In

• “On the Atlantic and the North Sea Viking ships met the same challenges as the ships of the English, Frisians, and Franks, but they did so for different reasons”

the verb ‘met’ is the past tense of the verb ‘meet’.

The verb ‘meet’ is an irregular verb. Choose the option that contains only irregular verbs:

(A) fling, spread, wring, stick, slide.

(B) pay, read, found, write, shrink.

(C) run, find, catch, frighten, smite.

(D) fold, forbid, rehear, stick, tread.

(E) thrust, sweep, put, drown, dig.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

13 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the option that correctly completes all blanks below, respectively:

I – Jane hit the _________on the head when she said most people can use a computer without knowing how it works.

II – They tied themselves up in _______ over the seating arrangements for the party.

III – You’re going to have to ________ down to improve your grades if you want to get into a good college.

IV – She came to the United States thinking it was the land of milk and __________.

V – Their approach to sports teaching broke the_________.

(A) I – nail; II – knots; III – knuckle; IV – honey; V – mold

(B) I – foot; II – laces; III – put; IV – money; V – routine

(C) I – finger; II – uproar; III – calm; IV – happiness; V – expectations

(D) I – hand; II – discussions; III – break; IV – dream; V – team

(E) I – wall; II – problems; III – scroll; IV – bread; V – things

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

14 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Questão Choose the option that is grammatically correct.

I – He oughtn't to do that.

II – You had better not to be late for your first class in the new school.

III – It might be very expensive.

IV – I must to get some sleep.

V – We needn't take coats with us.

(A) I, II and III

(B) II, III and IV

(C) I, III and V

(D) II, IV and V 

(E) III, IV and V

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

15 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Questão Mark the alternative that has a conjunction with the idea different from the others.

(A) Nevertheless.

(B) Unlike.

(C) Notwithstanding.

(D) Nonetheless.

(E) Unless.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

16 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)  The superlative form of the adjectives “easy”, “little”, “far” and “expensive” are, respectively,

(A) easiest, littlest, furthest and most expensive.

(B) easiest, least, furthest and most expensive.

(C) easiest, littlest, farthest and more expensive.

(D) easier, littler, farer and more expensive.

(E) easiest, littlest, farthest and expensivest.

      Comentários e Gabarito    A / B  

TÓPICOS - THE SUPERLATIVE FORM:

(A) easiest, littlest, furthest and most expensive.

(B) easiest, least, furthest and most expensive.

(C) easiest, littlest, farthest and more expensive.

(D) easier, littler, farer and more expensive.

(E) easiest, littlest, farthest and expensivest.

>> Adjetivos terminados com -y »  devemos retirar o ‘y’ e acrescentar iest.

• (easy // easiest ) - (busy // busiest) - (hungry 
• // hungriest)

>> Adjetivos irregulares.

• (good // best) -  (bad // worst)
• little // least or littlest (www.merriam-webster.com)
• 
  
  
• 
  
  
• much // most
• far // farthest  or furthest (https://dictionary.cambridge.org/)

>> Adjectives of three or more syllables form the  superlative with most/least: 

• most expensive

17 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)  Read the sentences below.

I) He likes his employees to speak quietly.

II) Even in spring, the girl wears a tight coat and gloves.

III) Your English is good.

IV) You speak English well.

The underlined words function, respectively, are

(A) noun, adjective, adverb, adjective.

(B) noun, verb, adverb, adjective.

(C) adjective, verb, adverb, noun.

(D) noun, adjective, adjective, adverb.

(E) adjective, adjective, adverb, adverb.

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

18 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)  Choose the option that all numbers are correct: 

(A) fourty, ninety, ninth, twelfth, twenty-fourth.

(B) fourty, ninety, nineth, twelfth, twenty-fourth.

(C) forty, ninety, nineth, twelfth, twentieth-fourth.

(D) forty, ninety, ninth, twelfth, twentieth-fourth.

(E) forty, ninety, ninth, twelfth, twenty-fourth.

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

19 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the option that all words are “false cognate”.

(A) Exit, fabric, hazard, intend, vessel.

(B) Lace, legend, lunch, mayor, style.

(C) Realize, attend, balcony, dent, enroll.

(D) Medicine, pull, push, sensible, shy.

(E) Tax, actually, agenda, baton, intelligent.

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICOS - VOCABULÁRIO & RELAÇÃO SEMÂNTICA COM TRECHO DO TEXTO:

20 – (EFOMM-PS-2025-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) 

Read the comic strip below.

Garfield by Jim Davis

http://www.garfield.com

Choose the correct option.

All the words below have the same meaning as “cleared up”, EXCEPT for

(A) to scorn

(B) to fade away

(C) to disappear

(D) to vanish

(E) to go missing

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICO - PHRASAL VERB  "TO CLEAR UP" (esclarecer, dar uma explicação para algo):

All the words below have the same meaning as “cleared up”, EXCEPT for

Todas as palavras abaixo têm o mesmo significado de “esclarecido”, EXCETO para

(A) to scorn

desprezar

(B) to fade away

desaparecer

(C) to disappear

desaparecer

(D) to vanish

desaparecer

(E) to go missing

desaparecer

>> TRADUÇÃO:

• JOHN:
• Frankly, I don't know how you can eat cat food.
• Francamente, não sei como você consegue comer comida de gato.
• GARFIELD:
• Like this.
• Assim.
• Let me know if you need the mystery of the roast beef sandwich cleared up.
• Avise-me se precisar que o mistério do sanduíche de rosbife seja esclarecido.

>> TO CLEAR UP (esclarecer, resolver) – to give an explanation for something.

• After 20 years the case has finally been cleared up.
• They never cleared up the mystery of the missing money.

 teste