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Lockdown Named 2020’s Word of the Year by Collins
Dictionary
Lockdown, the noun that has come to define so many lives across the world in 2020, has been named word of the year by Collins Dictionary. Lockdown is defined by Collins as “the imposition of stringent restrictions on travel, social interaction, and access to public spaces”. The 4.5-billion-word Collins Corpus, which contains written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations, registered a 6,000% increase in __(1)__ usage. In 2019, there were 4,000 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had risen to more than a quarter of a million.
“Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic,” says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. “We have chosen lockdown as __(2)__ word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict __(3)__ daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop, and socialise. It is not a word of the year to celebrate, but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world.”
Other pandemic-related words such as
coronavirus, social distancing and key worker were on the dictionary’s list of
the top 10 words. However, the coronavirus crisis didn’t completely dominate
this year’s vocabulary: words like “Megxit,” a term to describe Prince Harry
and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also
made the shortlist along with “TikToker” (a person who regularly shares or
appears in videos on TikTok), and “BLM.” The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives
Matter is defined by Collins as “a movement that campaigns against racially
motivated violence and oppression”, it registered a 581% increase in usage.
Adapted from
https://www.theguardian.com/books/2020/nov/10/lockdown-named-word-of-the-year-by-collins-dictionary
50 – (EsPCEx-CADETE-2021)
According to the text, choose the correct statement.
[A] All the words on the dictionary’s top 10
list were related to the coronavirus crisis.
[B] Collins Corpus is a collection of both
written and spoken language evidence.
[C] The word of the year does not tell us much
about the world’s main worries.
[D] BLM showed a timid increase in usage and
didn’t make the shortlist.
[E] Collins counted about 100,000 uses of the word lockdown in 2020, versus only 4,000 in 2019.
|
Resposta: B |
-Questão sobre READING COMPREHENSION / VOCABULÁRIO:
According to the text, choose the correct statement.
[De acordo com o texto, escolha a afirmação correta.]
[A] All the words on the
dictionary’s top 10 list were related to the coronavirus crisis.
[Todas as palavras da lista das 10 principais do dicionário estavam relacionadas à crise do coronavírus.]
§ INCORRETA porque as palavras “Megxit”, “TikToker” e “BLM” são de fato da lista das 10 principais do dicionário. ENTRETANTO, elas não estão relacionadas à crise do coronavírus, conforme o trecho:
§ However, the coronavirus crisis didn’t completely dominate this year’s vocabulary: words like “Megxit,” a term to describe Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also made the shortlist along with “TikToker” (a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok), and “BLM.” The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter is defined by Collins as “a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression”, it registered a 581% increase in usage.
§ DICA DE OURO:
§ Uso da VÍRGULA (However, But, On other hand) quando a sentença seguinte contrasta com a anterior.
§ [However, But, On other hand ] indicam ideia de → ALGO DIFERENTE DA SITUAÇÃO ANTERIOR, ALGO QUE NÃO ESTÁ RELACIONADO NA SENTENÇA ANTERIOR, EM CONTRAPARTIDA, POR OUTRO LADO, NO ENTANTO, ENTRETANTO.
[B] Collins Corpus is a
collection of both written and spoken language evidence.
[Collins Corpus é uma coleção de evidências de linguagem escrita e falada.]
§ CORRETA porque o Collins Corpus de 4,5 bilhões de palavras, contém material escrito de sites, livros e jornais, bem como material falado de rádio, televisão e conversas, conforme o trecho:
§ The 4.5-billion-word Collins Corpus, which contains written material from websites, books and newspapers, as well as spoken material from radio, television and conversations.
§ DICA: CORPUS é um conjunto de textos escritos ou falados numa língua, disponível para análise. Por exemplo, imagine que você queira uma busca do vocábulo COMPUTER, num corpus este produzirá colocações da palavra COMPUTER que estão em uso, ou seja, um corpus não fornecerá apenas a forma correta, mas principalmente a forma mais usual na língua: computer keyboard, computer design, computer center, computer field, computer products, computer dealers, computer software e assim por diante.
[C] The word of the year does not tell us much about the world’s main worries.
[A palavra do ano não nos diz muito sobre as principais preocupações do mundo.]
§ INCORRETA porque diz a consultora de conteúdo linguístico da Collins, Helen Newstead. “Escolhemos o lockdown como nossa palavra do ano porque resume a experiência compartilhada de bilhões de pessoas que tiveram que restringir suas vidas diárias para conter o vírus”, conforme o trecho:
§ “Language is a reflection of the world around us and 2020 has been dominated by the global pandemic,” says Collins language content consultant Helen Newstead. “We have chosen lockdown as our word of the year because it encapsulates the shared experience of billions of people who have had to restrict their daily lives in order to contain the virus. Lockdown has affected the way we work, study, shop, and socialise. It is not a word of the year to celebrate, but it is, perhaps, one that sums up the year for most of the world.”.
[D] BLM showed a timid increase in usage and didn’t make the shortlist.
[O BLM mostrou um aumento tímido no uso e não entrou na lista.]
§ INCORRETA porque “BLM” entrou na lista das 10 principais do dicionário, conforme o trecho:
§ However, the coronavirus crisis didn’t completely dominate this year’s vocabulary: words like “Megxit,” a term to describe Prince Harry and Meghan Markle stepping back as senior members of the royal family, also made the shortlist along with “TikToker” (a person who regularly shares or appears in videos on TikTok), and “BLM.” The abbreviation BLM, for Black Lives Matter is defined by Collins as “a movement that campaigns against racially motivated violence and oppression”, it registered a 581% increase in usage.
[E] Collins counted about 100,000 uses of the word lockdown in 2020, versus only 4,000 in 2019.
[Collins contou cerca de 100.000 usos da palavra lockdown em 2020, contra apenas 4.000 em 2019.]
§ INCORRETA porque o número subiu para mais de um quarto de milhão, ou seja, mais de 250.000 usos e não cerca de 100.000 usos da palavra lockdown, conforme o trecho:
§ In 2019, there were 4,000 recorded instances of lockdown being used. In 2020, this had risen to more than a quarter of a million.
§ A expressão "a quarter of a million" é o equivalente a 250.000.
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