EFOMM–PS–2003–OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE–PUBLIC SERVICE EXAM, ANSWERS & LEXICAL APPROACH.

• PROCESSO SELETIVO DE ADMISSÃO ÀS ESCOLAS DE FORMAÇÃO DE OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE-PS-2003.

❑ ESTRUTURA DA PROVA:

• 25 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.

❑ TEXTO: Read the text below and mark questions 1, 2 and 3.

01 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct answer:

• You should avoid _____ involved with other people’s problems,

(A) get

(B) to get

(C) to getting

(D) gotten

(E) getting

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICOS - Verbos (Admit / Advise / Avoid / Start / Finish / Enjoy / Mind / Keep) requerem o verbo seguinte na forma [ -ing verb ]:

Choose the correct answer:

Escolha a resposta correta:

You should avoid getting involved with other people’s problems,

Você deve evitar se envolver com os problemas de outras pessoas,

(A) get

(B) to get

(C) to getting

(D) gotten

(E) getting 

➽REGRA DE GRAMÁTICA: • AVOID + getting.

• Avoid giving any personal information. (Evite fornecer informações pessoais.)

• You must avoid giving any unnecessary information. (Você deve evitar fornecer informações desnecessárias.)

02 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE)

• Everybody’s watching us. We _____ leave now.

(A) ’d better not

(B) ’d better to

(C) ’d better not to

(D) ’d not better

(E) would better not

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICO - USO GRAMATICAL DO SEMI-MODAL "HAD BETTER" :

Everybody’s watching us. We 'd better not leave now.

Todo mundo está nos observando. É melhor não sairmos agora.

(A) 'd better not

(B) 'd better to (infinitive without to)

(C) 'd better not to (infinitive without to)

(D) 'd not better ("better" comes before "not")

(E) would better not (Subject + would + main verb + better + …)

➽REGRAS DE GRAMÁTICA:

- "HAD BETTER" segue BASE FORM, ou seja, o infinitivo sem o “to”:

• Subject + had better + Base Form + …

• Subject + had better not + Base Form + …

(1) ‘d better (after "subject" or "I, You, He, She, We, You, They")

(2) Base Form é o infinitivo sem o “to”:

(3) NEGATIVA FORM: had better not ("better" comes before "not").

➽Why do we use "had better"?:

(1) Had better expresses "advice to do something", and means "would find it wiser or more suitable".

• You had better go now (=it would be good, wise or suitable for you to go now).

03 – (EFOMM-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

• We can go camping with Bill _____ we bring our own equipment.

(A) nevertheless

(B) even if

(C) provided

(D) as though

(E) in order that

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - DISCOURSE MARKERS :

We can go camping with Bill provided we bring our own equipment.

Podemos acampar com Bill desde que tragamos nosso próprio equipamento.

(A) nevertheless (no entanto, todavia)

(B) even if (mesmo se)

(C) provided (desde que, contanto que)(ideia de condição)

* Ideia de condição = if, provided, unless.

(D) as though (como se) (You say that as though success is guaranteed.)

(E) in order that (para que, afim de que)

* https://dictionary.cambridge.org

04 – (EFOMM-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Mark the correct alternative:

• “This is the sort of record that is worth _____.”

(A) bought

(B) buys

(C) buy

(D) to buy

(E) buying 

      Comentários e Gabarito    E  

TÓPICO - BE WORTH HAVING/DOING SOMETHING :

Mark the correct alternative:

“This is the sort of record that is worth buying.”

“Este é o tipo de disco que vale a pena comprar.”

(A) bought

(B) buys

(C) buy

(D) to buy

(E) buying

➽ESTRUTURA VERBAL CORRETA: BE WORTH DOING SOMETHING (Vale a pena fazer algo).

05 – (EFOMM-2003-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the word which best completes the sentence:

• “Never _____ a gift horse in the mouth.”

(A) feel

(B) look

(C) catch

(D) hold

(E) see

      Comentários e Gabarito    B  

TÓPICO - EXPRESSÃO IDIOMÁTICA "Never look a gift horse in the mouth" (Cavalo dado não se olha os dentes) :

Choose the word which best completes the sentence:

“Never look a gift horse in the mouth.”

Cavalo dado não se olha os dentes.

(A) feel

(B) look

(C) catch

(D) hold

(E) see

06 – (EFOMM-2003-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct answer:

• “My fiancee doesn’t like wool sweaters. She _____ ever wears then.”

(A) fairly

(B) rather

(C) hardly

(D) pretty

(E) very

      Comentários e Gabarito    C  

TÓPICO - VOCABULÁRIO :

“My fiancee doesn’t like wool sweaters. She hardly ever wears then.”

Minha noiva não gosta de suéteres de lã. Ela quase nunca usa isso.

(A) fairly regularmente 

(B) rather um tanto

(C) hardly raramente

(D) pretty bem

(E) very muito

07 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct alternative:

• “My nephew is _____ a nap after meals.”

(A) used to taking

(B) used to take

(C) uses to take

(D) used taking

(E) used taking to

      Comentários e Gabarito    A  

TÓPICO - BE USED TO + (ING FORM) :

“My nephew is used to taking a nap after meals.”

Meu sobrinho costuma tirar uma soneca depois das refeições.

(A) used to taking

(B) used to take

(C) uses to take

(D) used taking

(E) used taking to

08 – (EFOMM-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) In

• “I’m enjoying peasant life now. I’ve moved out of London”,

the underlined word means.

(A) easy

(B) rich

(C) fancy

(D) country

(E) weird

      Comentários e Gabarito    D  

TÓPICO - VOCABULÁRIO CONTEXTUAL :

In “I’m enjoying peasant life now. I’ve moved out of London”,

the underlined word means.

Em “Estou aproveitando a vida camponesa agora. Saí de Londres”, a palavra sublinhada significa.

(A) easy fácil

(B) rich rico

(C) fancy fantasia

(D) country campo

(E) weird estranho

09 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct answer:

• “John has been unemployed for six months now. He _____ the job he was offered.”

a) Oughtn’t to accepting.

b) Should to have accepted.

c) Needs have accepted.

d) Ought have accepted.

e) Should have accepted.

10 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct answer:

• “They admire him, __________ his faults.”

a) so that

b) despite of

c) unless

d) in spite of

e) whereas 

11 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Mark the correct answer: 

a) The population of China is almost fourfold the population of United States.

b) The population of China is almost fourfold the population of the United States.

c) Population of China is almost fourfold population of the United States.

d) China population is almost the fourfold population of United States.

e) Population of China is almost fourfold population of United States. 

12 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Mark the correct answer: 

• “The salesperson drove _____ a tree again two weeks ago.” 

a) of

b) against

c) into

d) on

e) over 

13 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

• “The man deduced what had happened in the playground.” 

a) surmised

b) provoked

c) appealed

d) condoned

e) discouraged 

14 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) Choose the correct answer: 

• “I’m afraid this vase is anything but antique - in fact, it’s _____.” 

a) pointless

b) meaningless

c) hopeless

d) worthless

e) nevertheless 

15 – (EFOMM-PS-2003-OFICIAL-MARINHA MERCANTE) In 

• “Eventually her idea was accepted”, 

the meaning of the underlined word is: 

a) fortunately

b) finally

c) occasionally

d) usually

e) suddenly 

16 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

The correct version of the expression 

“So that you can’t be seen” is: 

a) so that anything can’t see you.

b) so that nothing can’t see you.

c) so that anybody can’t see you.

d) so that none can’t see you.

e) so that no one can’t see you. 

17 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

Mark the alternative which corresponds to the following sentence: 

“Everything was at sixes and sevens”. 

a) Everything was in order.

b) Everything was correct.

c) Everything was in disorder.

d) Everything was understood

e) Everything was explained. 

18 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

Mark the correct alternative: 

“If you laugh _____ him, he will certainly shout _____ you.” 

a) to / with

b) at / over

c) for / with

d) to / at

e) at / at 

19 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

Choose the correct answer. 

“I’m not sure _____.” 

a) Whom she is staying with?

b) With whom is she staying?

c) With who she is staying?

d) With who is she staying?

e) With which is she staying? 

20 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE)

Choose the correct answer. 

“She usually takes notes. She knows _____ by heart.” 

a) none

b) no

c) none of

d) nothing e) neither 

21 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

Mark the correct answer. 

“One of _____ most important causes of conflict is _____ way people see _____ sides of _____ question.” 

a) the / the / a / the

b) the / the / the / a

c) - / the / the / a

d) the / - / the / a

e) - / - / the / a 

22 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

Choose the correct answer. 

“You must pay the installment tomorrow, _____ you will hurt you credit rating.” 

a) in order to

b) notwithstanding

c) so as to

d) otherwise

e) furthermore 

23 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

“Don’t worry. You children will be looked _____ while you’re away.” 

a) after

b) into

c) back

d) on

e) up on 

24 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

Choose the correct alternative. 

“Bob’s score on the test is the highest in class. He _____.” 

a) should study hard last week.

b) should have studied hard last week.

c) must have studied hard last week.

d) must had to study hard last week.

e) has to study hard last week. 

25 – (EFOMM-2002/2003-OFICIAL DA MARINHA MERCANTE) 

Mark the correct answer. 

A person who is no longer young but who is physically fit may be described as being: 

a) ifs and buts

b) hale and hearty

c) bricks and mortar

d) body and soul

e) life and limb