EEAR–CFS–2/2013–BCT–SARGENTO–LÍNGUA INGLESA–GABARITO, TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS & AQUISIÇÃO DE VOCABULÁRIO.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT-CONTROLE DE TRÁFEGO AÉREO-ESCOLA DE ESPECIALISTAS DE AERONÁUTICA.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 25 Multiple Choice Questions / 4 Options Each Question.

❑ PROVA:

❑ TEXTO: Read the excerpt and answer questions 26 and 27.

After the September 11 terrorist attacks, none of us can promise our children a safe world, but we can all learn lessons from that horrendous event: 1) that families and relationships are more crucial than ever before, and 2) that demonstrating resilience and strong values for our children may be the most important roles we can play as parents and grandparents. 

(Adapted from Family Circle Magazine, 2002) 

GLOSSARY

resilience – capacidade de voltar a ser forte, feliz, ou bem sucedido novamente, após uma situação ou evento difícil. 

26 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO) 

In “...strong values for our children may be the most...”, 

the underlined word is closest in meaning to 

a) must.

b) might.

c) have to.

d) ought to. 

27 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO) 

All information below is provided by the excerpt, except: 

a) September 11 has made strong family ties more important.

b) The lessons learnt after the September 11 attacks could not have been taught any other way.

c) One of the most important roles a parent or grandparent can play is to teach children how to be tough.

d) Horrifying as they were, the attacks occurred on Sept 11 have taught the world valuable things. 

❑ TEXTO 2: Read the excerpt and answer questions 03, 04 and 05. 

Many people think that dialects are corrupt versions of the standard language, and that dialect forms are mistakes, made by ignorant people who have not learnt correct grammar. 

In fact, this is not at all true: dialects have their own systematic – but different – grammars. 

Dialect forms are not incorrect in _____ but they can be out of place in formal styles where only the standard language is normally used. 

(Adapted from Practical English Usage by Michael Swan)

28 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO) 

Fill in the blank with the suitable option 

a) their.

b) itself.

c) theirs.

d) themselves. 

29 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

In “...they can be out of place in formal styles where...”, 

the words in bold type mean 

a) lost.

b) obvious.

c) inappropriate.

d) in the incorrect order. 

30 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

The first paragraph in the excerpt leads to the conclusion that 

a) ignorant people make more grammar mistakes.

b) mistakes made by ignorant people are seldom seen as dialects.

c) more often than not, dialects corrupt the standard language.

d) a large number of people assume dialects are incorrect forms of the language. 

❑ TEXTO 3: Read the excerpt and answer questions 06, 07 and 08. 

Fifty years ago, _____ ever considered that a life full of household chores, not shared by her husband, might take a toll on a mother’s mental state. Husbands, who weren’t expected to be involved _____ with their children, were passionately caught up in developing their own careers, yet at-home mothers often seemed frustrated, dissatisfied and tired of being homebodies. 

(Adapted from Family Circle Magazine, 2002)

GLOSSARY

household chores – tarefas domésticas

take a toll on – ter um efeito negativo sobre

passionately – intensamente

homebodies – pessoas que passam muito tempo em casa 

31 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

Fill in the blanks with the suitable options, respectively: 

a) none – much

b) nobody – any

c) no one – much

d) no one – many 

32 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

In “...were passionately caught up in developing...”, 

the underlined phrasal verb is closest in meaning to 

a) absorbed.

b) separated.

c) distracted.

d) indifferent. 

33 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

“own”, in bold type in the excerpt, refers to the 

a) careers.

b) mothers.

c) children.

d) husbands. 

❑ TEXTO 4: Read the text and answer questions 09, 10, 11 and 12. 

London 2012: Great-grandmother prepares for torch role 

Diana Gould will be 100 when she takes part in the Olympic Torch Relay. 

“I’m ______ up and down ______ a candlestick,” said 99-year-old Diana Gould, who is the oldest among the 8,000 people who will carry the Olympic flame. 

The great-grandmother of six, who lives in a retirement flat in Kenton, north-west London, did not know that her granddaughter Alexandra Antscherl had nominated her to be a torchbearer. 

But since being selected she has been ______ for the 300-yard walk. 

“I was delighted when Alexandra told me and when I heard I was definitely accepted I started to get really excited.” 

“I’ve seen the torch now – I think the design is lovely and it’s fairly comfortable to hold.” 

“As long as the walk is on the flat I think I’ll be OK. The biggest challenge will be the weight of the torch.” 

“I can’t walk quick because I walk with a stick. About halfway I think I will have to change arms because of the weight of the thing!” 

(By Debabani Majumdar, BBC News, London)

 GLOSSARY

candlestick – candelabro

yard – jarda (0,9144 de um metro)

stick – bengala 

34 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

Choose the right alternative to have the blanks filled, respectively: 

a) walking – held – prepared

b) walking – holding – preparing

c) going to walk – can hold – prepared

d) going to walk – will hold – preparing 

35 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

The words, in bold type in the text, are adjectives, except: 

a) lovely

b) excited

c) delighted

d) nominated 

36 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

“torchbearer”, (line 9), refers to a person who 

a) designed the original torch.

b) carries the torch during the Olympic Torch Relay.

c) weighs the torch before the Olympic Games begin.

d) first carried a torch in an international sports competition. 

37 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

According to the text, all alternatives are correct, except: 

a) An elderly woman, who walks with a stick, will be in charge of carrying the Olympic torch in London.

b) Diana Gould, whose granddaughter nominated her to take part in the Olympic Torch Relay, is very pleased that she will be one of the torchbearers.

c) The great-grandmother of six, who will be the eldest torchbearer in the London Olympic Games, will face the challenge of supporting the weight of the torch.

d) The great-grandmother, who has been trained for supporting the weight of the London Olympic Games torch, will walk as fast as she can during the Olympic Torch Relay. 

❑ TEXTO 5: Read the text and answer questions 13, 14, 15 and 16. 

Japan tsunami ‘ghost ship’ drifting to Canada A Japanese fishing vessel swept away by the March 2011 tsunami has been spotted adrift off the west coast of Canada by the coastguard. 

An aircraft patrolling the seas off British Columbia saw the 15m vessel seen floating 275km from the Haida Gwaii islands on Friday. 

It is believed to be the first large item from the millions of tonnes of tsunami debris to cross the Pacific. 

No one is believed to be aboard the ship, registered in Hokkaido, Japan. 

Canada’s Transport Ministry is monitoring the vessel for marine pollution and to see if it becomes an obstruction. 

The tsunami last March generated more than 25 million tonnes of debris, say researchers at the University of Hawaii. Between four and eight million tonnes were washed into the ocean, with one to two million tonnes still floating on the surface. 

The main mass of the debris is not expected to make landfall in North America until March 2014. Maria Cantwell, US senator for Washington state, said the boat was expected to drift slowly south. 

(Adapted from BBC news)

GLOSSARY

vessel – embarcação

to be swept away – ser arrastado

landfall – o ato de chegar à costa

adrift – sem rumo

to drift – ser arrastado pela correnteza 

38 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

The correct active voice for 

“A Japanese fishing vessel has been spotted adrift off the west coast of Canada by the coastguard.”, (lines 1, 2 and 3), 

is: 

a) A Japanese fishing vessel was spotted adrift off the west coast of Canada.

b) A Japanese fishing vessel was being spotted adrift off the west coast of Canada.

c) The coastguard spotted a Japanese fishing vessel adrift off the west coast of Canada.

d) The coastguard has spotted a Japanese fishing vessel adrift off the west coast of Canada. 

39 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

“debris”, in bold type in the text, is related to 

a) clouds of toxic gas caused by pollution in Japan.

b) the dark oil spill spread over the ocean in Canada.

c) unwanted materials that were left on the west coast of Canada.

d) pieces of items that were washed into the ocean during the tsunami in Japan. 

40 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

In “No one is believed to be aboard the ship...”, 

the underlined word has the same meaning as 

a) beside.

b) outside.

c) on board.

d) disembarking. 

41 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

In “Maria Cantwell said the boat was expected to drift slowly south.”, (lines 21 and 22), 

it means that she 

a) wishes the boat would sail for the south.

b) will wait until the boat returns from the south.

c) believes that the boat is likely to move slowly towards the south.

d) hopes that coastguard will be able to guide the boat to the south. 

❑ TEXTO 6: Read the article and answer questions 17, 18, 19 and 20. 

Aviation English Language –

The Importance of Communication in Aviation 

English is the international language of aviation, and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) requires all pilots and air traffic controllers to be competent in English. Both air traffic controllers and pilots must have sufficient language proficiency to be able to manage the complex tasks they have to undertake if they are going to do them with safety. 

The English that is spoken in communication between pilots and air traffic control is quite restricted, and is referred to as standard phraseology – a large fixed set of words and phrases used to cover most operating procedures and some eventualities. 

You might expect that miscommunication would be rare when people are working with a very restricted code. But this is not the case. One of the most frequent problems is caused by pronunciation, but grammatical and lexical problems are not unusual ______________. 

If anything out of the ordinary happens, misunderstandings can be compounded by intercultural communication problems and lack of flexibility in language use. 

(Taken from http://languagetesting.info)

42 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

Choose the alternative so as to have the article completed correctly: 

a) neither

b) either

c) also

d) too 

43 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

Reading the article leads to the conclusion that, except: 

a) effective communication in English is an essential prerequisite to safety.

b) aviation will be free of accidents if pilots and air traffic controllers use phraseology effectively.

c) cultural differences between crew members and air traffic controllers could be a language barrier to successful communication, when unusual events occur.

d) breakdown in the communication process could be avoided if both pilots and air traffic controllers have the necessary autonomy in using English language to deal with their tasks. 

44 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

In “One of the most frequent problems is caused by pronunciation, but grammatical and lexical problems are just as important to achieve effective communication.”, 

it is revealed that 

a) grammar and vocabulary have been a low priority for aviation personnel.

b) neither grammar nor lexis is high priority for pilots’ and controllers’ work.

c) communication error is most related to mispronouncing the standard phraseology.

d) not only pronunciation but also grammar and lexis play a crucial role in communicating effectively. 

45 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

“lack of”, in bold type in the text, can mean, except: 

a) none of.

b) plenty of.

c) absence of.

d) shortage of. 

❑ TEXTO 7: Read the article and answer questions 21, 22 and 23. 

Peppermint perks 

Not just a breath freshener, studies have also shown that peppermint could help alleviate symptoms of IBS (irritable bowel syndrome) by reducing abdominal pain, gas and diarrhea. “Peppermint tea in particular helps soothe indigestion caused by a bug or IBS,” says Eric Yarnell, professor of botanical medicine. 

Strong mints and even candy canes may help tame an upset stomach, too, as long as you don’t have heartburn. 

Peppermint is also appreciated for the soothing effect it has in treating headaches, migraines, skin irritations, nausea, and menstrual cramps. 

(Adapted from Reader’s Digest)

GLOSSARY

peppermint – tipo de menta (hortelã-pimenta)

bug – virose 

46 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

Based on the article, peppermint 

a) is only available in tea bags.

b) is always prescribed by health professionals.

c) is good for calming an upset stomach even if there are symptoms of heartburn.

d) can be used in the treatment of gastrointestinal problems, apart from being also used as a breath freshener. 

47 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

“Perks”, in the title of the article, 

refers to the ___________ of peppermint. 

a) benefits

b) downside

c) pros and cons

d) disadvantages 

48 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

The third paragraph of the article reveals that peppermint 

a) can cure chronic diseases.

b) can be considered a multipurpose herb.

c) is said to be a very effective allopathic medicine.

d) itself is highly recommended to combat acute diseases. 

❑ TEXTO 8: Read the cartoon and answer questions 49 and 50.

Santa knows he has to be more careful. One more accident _____ pilot error, and the FAA would take away his pilot’s license for good. 

GLOSSARY

FAA – Administração Federal de Aviação 

49 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

All alternatives complete the blank, except: 

a) due to

b) owing to

c) in spite of

d) because of 

50 – (EEAR-CFS-2/2013-BCT–SARGENTO)

According to the cartoon, if Santa causes one more accident, the FAA will 

a) force him to retake his driving test.

b) take his pilot’s license permanently.

c) make Santa stop driving his vehicle.

d) not allow Santa to deliver Christmas gifts ever again.

EEAR–CFS–2/2013–OPÇÃO 01–SARGENTO–LÍNGUA INGLESA–GABARITO, TEXTOS TRADUZIDOS & & AQUISIÇÃO DE VOCABULÁRIO.

www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:

• EEAR-CFS-2/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-AERONAVEGANTES-ESCOLA DE ESPECIALISTAS DE AERONÁUTICA.

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

• 24 Multiple Choice Questions / 4 Options Each Question.

❑ TEXTO:

❑ TEXTO 1: Read the text and answer questions 01, 02, 03, 04 and 05:

A husband and wife, both 60 years old, were celebrating their 35th wedding anniversary. During their party, a fairy appeared, to congratulate them and grant them each one wish. The wife wanted to travel around the world. The fairy waved her wand and, then, suddenly, the wife had a ticket in her hand for a world cruise. Next the fairy asked the husband what he wanted. He said, "I wish I had a wife 30 years younger than me." So the fairy picked up her wand and, then, suddenly, the husband was 90.

(Adapted from Speak Up # 295)

GLOSSARY

*fairy – fada 
*grant them – conceder-lhes
*wand – varinha mágica
*cruise – cruzeiro marítimo

01 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

According to the text,

a) the wife and husband got two wishes each.
b) a couple was celebrating their 35th birthday.
c) the wife’s wish was to travel to different places in the world.
d) the fairy decided to offer tickets to the couple for a world cruise.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
De acordo com o texto,
*Alternativa (A): a esposa e o marido têm dois desejos cada um.(and grant them each one wish ➜ e conceder-lhes um desejo a cada um)
*Alternativa (B): um casal estava comemorando seu 35º aniversário.(their 35th wedding anniversary ➜ 35º aniversário de casamento)
*Alternativa (C) o desejo da esposa era viajar para diferentes lugares do mundo.
*Alternativa (D): a fada decidiu oferecer ingressos para o casal para um cruzeiro mundial.(a ticket)(1 ingresso para a esposa)
➦IDEIAS CONTEXTUAIS: Um casal estava comemorando o aniversário de casamento; Uma fada apareceu e ofereceu 1 desejo a cada um; A esposa gostaria de viajar ao redor do mundo e o marido queria uma esposa 30 mais nova do que ele.
"[...] A husband and wife, both 60 years old, were celebrating their 35th wedding anniversary. During their party, a fairy appeared, to congratulate them and grant them each one wish. The wife wanted to travel around the world. The fairy waved her wand and, then, suddenly, the wife had a ticket in her hand for a world cruise. Next the fairy asked the husband what he wanted. He said, "I wish I had a wife 30 years younger than me." So the fairy picked up her wand and, then, suddenly, the husband was 90."
(Marido e mulher, ambos com 60 anos, estavam celebrando seu 35º aniversário de casamento. Durante a festa, uma fada apareceu, para parabenizá-los e conceder-lhes um desejo a cada um. A esposa queria viajar pelo mundo. A fada balançou a varinha e, de repente, a esposa tinha um bilhete na mão para um cruzeiro pelo mundo. Em seguida a fada perguntou ao marido o que ele queria. Ele disse: "Eu gostaria de ter uma esposa 30 anos mais nova que eu". Então a fada pegou sua varinha e, de repente, o marido tinha 90 anos.)

02 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

Based on the text, we can conclude that

a) only the wife's wish came true.
b) the husband’s wish was to be 90 years old.
c) at the end, the wife became 30 years older.
d) both wife and husband got what they asked for.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Com base no texto, podemos concluir que
*Alternativa (A): apenas o desejo da esposa se tornou realidade.
*Alternativa (B): o desejo do marido era de ter 90 anos de idade.
*Alternativa (C): no final, a esposa tornou-se 30 anos mais velha.
*Alternativa (D): tanto a esposa como o marido conseguiram o que pediram.
➦ IDEIAS CONTEXTUAIS: ambos os desejos se realizaram ➜ embora o desejo do marido não fosse envelhecer e sim receber uma esposa 30 anos mais nova que ele, o seu desejo, assim como o de sua esposa, foram realizados. No final a esposa tornou-se 30 anos mais nova.

03 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

The underlined word, in the text, means that something

a) finished quickly.
b) appeared slowly.
c) ended successfully.
d) happened quickly and unexpectedly.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - "ADVERB OF TIME"(suddenly)(de repente) ➜ transmite a ideia de algo OCORREU RAPIDAMENTE E INESPERADAMENTE do nada.:
A palavra sublinhada, no texto, significa que algo
*Alternativa (A): terminou rapidamente.
*Alternativa (B): apareceu lentamente.
*Alternativa (C): terminou com sucesso.
*Alternativa (D): aconteceu de forma rápida e inesperada.

04 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

The correspondent ordinal forms for the numbers 60, 30 and 90 are, respectively:

a) sixth / third / ninth
b) sixty / thirty / ninety
c) sixtieth / thirtieth / ninetieth
d) sixteenth / thirteenth / nineteenth

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - CARDINAL ➜ ORDINAL :

a) sixth / third / ninth
b) sixty / thirty / ninety
c) sixtieth / thirtieth / ninetieth
d) sixteenth / thirteenth / nineteenth
➦ REGRA GRAMATICAL ➜ a transformação de números cardinais terminados em –y em números ordinais. O número cardinal perde o –y final e recebe – ieth na forma ordinal.

05 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

All the alternatives below follow the same comparative form as "younger than", (line 9),

except:

a) fast
b) clean
c) cheap
d) careful

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - ADJECTIVE: Forma comparativa ➜ observar o nº de sílabas do adjetivo :
*Alternativa (A): fast (1 sílaba)➜ faster than.
*Alternativa (B): clean (1 sílaba)➜ cleaner than.
*Alternativa (C): cheap (1 sílaba)➜ cheaper than.
*Alternativa (D): careful (2 sílabas)➜ more careful than.
➦ PAY ATTENTION 1: Comparativo de adjetivo(curto) 1 sílaba ➜ acréscimo de +ER + "than".
➦ PAY ATTENTION 2: Comparativo de adjetivo(longo) com 2 ou + sílabas ➜ adição de "more" + ADJETIVE + "than".

➦ "Careful ➜ é um adjetivo de duas sílabas, portanto o comparativo será "more careful than".

❑ TEXTO 2: Read the paragraph and answer questions 06 and 07.

Angry Birds

Angry Birds are fat and round. Angry Birds cannot fly. But Angry Birds are superstars. Millions of people around the world are addicted to them. It’s the number one game for smartphones.

(Adapted from Speak Up # 295)

GLOSSARY

*addicted to – viciado em

06 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

Based on the text,

a) Angry Birds are famous movie star animals.
b) people are crazy about Angry Birds because they're fat and round.
c) people around the world buy a great number of smartphones.
d) many people like Angry Birds so much that they can't stop playing it.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Baseado no texto,
*Alternativa (A): Angry Birds são famosos animais de estrelas de cinema.
*Alternativa (B): as pessoas são loucas por Angry Birds porque são gordas e redondas.(informação não encontrada no texto)
*Alternativa (C): as pessoas ao redor do mundo compram um grande número de smartphones.(informação não encontrada no texto)
*Alternativa (D): muitas pessoas gostam tanto do Angry Birds que não conseguem parar de jogá-lo.
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Angry Birds é um jogo eletrônico, número um para smartphones, e milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo são viciadas nos "Angry Birds".
"[...] Angry Birds are fat and round. Angry Birds cannot fly. But Angry Birds are superstars. Millions of people around the world are addicted to them. It’s the number one game for smartphones."
(Os Angry Birds são gordos e redondos. Os Angry Birds não podem voar. Mas os Angry Birds são superestrelas. Milhões de pessoas em todo o mundo são viciadas neles. É o jogo número um para smartphones.)
➦ PAY ATTENTION: A expressão verbal "are addicted to"(são viciadas em) significa ➜ passar o maior tempo possível fazendo algo de que se gosta muito, a ponto de ter dificuldade em parar de fazê-lo, ou seja, estar viciado em algo.

07 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

The affirmative form of the underlined modal verb, in the paragraph, expresses

a) obligation.
b) necessity.
c) advice.
d) ability.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - MODAL VERBS: "can" expressando ➜ ability(habilidade, capacidade):
A forma afirmativa do verbo modal sublinhado, no parágrafo, expressa
*Alternativa (A): obrigação.
*Alternativa (B): necessidade.
*Alternativa (C): conselho.
*Alternativa (D): habilidade.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL do "can" ➜ "habilidade/capacidade".
"Angry Birds cannot fly."
(Os Angry Birds não conseguem voar.)
A forma afirmativa de “cannot” é “can”.

❑ TEXTO 3: Read the extract and answer question 08.

Man on the Moon

"___ July 21, 1969, ___ 2:56 a.m. (Greenwich Mean Time) the American astronaut Neil Armstrong left the lunar module of Apollo 11 and put his left foot on the surface of the moon."

(Adapted from Password English Book)

08 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

The correct prepositions to fill in the blanks are, respectively:

a) In / at
b) In / on
c) On / on
d) On / at

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - PREPOSITIONS OF TIME(on, in, at)(õnêné) :
*Alternativa (A): In / at
*Alternativa (B): In / on
*Alternativa (C): On / on
*Alternativa (D): On / at
➦ 1ª LACUNA vem antes de DATA ➜ "on".
"on July 21, 1969"
➦ 2ª LACUNA vem antes de HORA ➜ "at".
"at 2:56 a.m."
➦PAY ATTENTION 1: "ON" antes de ➜ "dia", "data" e "feriado".
➦PAY ATTENTION 2: "IN" antes de ➜ "mês", "ano".
➦PAY ATTENTION 2: "AT" antes de ➜ "hora".

❑ TEXTO 4: Read the extract and answer the question 09.

Once upon a time there was a young girl ______ lived near the forest with her mother and father. She was pretty, nice and kind. So everybody loved her very much.

(Mariza Ferrari e Sarah G. Rubin)

09 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

Choose the correct alternative to fill in the blank.

(A) who
(B) which
(C) whom
(D) whose

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO-RELATIVE PRONOUNS(who, whom, which, whose, that) :
*Alternativa (A): who (adequado porque refere-se a pessoa e funciona como sujeito da oração.
*Alternativa (B): which (não está adequado porque refere-se a coisa).
*Alternativa (C): whom (não está adequado porque funciona como objeto da oração).
*Alternativa (D): whose (não está adequado porque indica posse).

➧SENTENÇA com LACUNA não-preenchida:

"[...] Once upon a time there was a young girl ______ lived near the forest with her mother and father. She was pretty, nice and kind. So everybody loved her very much."
(Era uma vez uma jovem QUE morava perto da floresta com a mãe e o pai. Ela era encantadora, simpática e dócil. Então todos a amavam muito.)

➧Análise do VERBO CONTEXTUAL após a lacuna: lived near the forest with her mother and father. Perceba que a preposição do verbo não está ao lado da lacuna. 

➧ LACUNA INDICATIVA DE PRONOME RELATIVO que funcione como sujeito do verbo "lived" e que se refira a pessoa(a young girl).

➧Pronome relativo que funciona como sujeito de oração e que se refere a pessoa ➜ WHO.
"[...] Once upon a time there was a young girl WHO lived near the forest with her mother and father. She was pretty, nice and kind. So everybody loved her very much."
(Era uma vez uma jovem QUE morava perto da floresta com a mãe e o pai. Ela era encantadora, simpática e dócil. Então todos a amavam muito.)

❑ TEXTO 5: Read the extract and answer question 10.

"____ year 1665 was very bad for England. _____ epidemic of ____ terrible disease, bubonic plague, killed over seventy thousand people just in London."

Adapted from Password English)

10 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

Fill in the blanks with the correct articles:

a) The / A / a
b) The / An / a
c) An / The / a
d) A / An / the

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - ARTICLES (the, a, an):
*Alternativa (A): The / A / a
*Alternativa (B): The / An / a
*Alternativa (C): An / The / a
*Alternativa (D): A / An / the
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL na 1º lacuna: O vocábulo "year 1665" é um ano específico, ou seja, não se trata de um ano qualquer.
"[...] THE year 1665 was very bad for England."
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL na 2º lacuna:o substantivo "epidemic" não foi mencionado anteriormente , caso típico de artigo indefinido. 
"[...] An epidemic of "
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL na 3º lacuna:o substantivo "disease" não foi mencionado anteriormente , caso típico de artigo indefinido. 
"a terrible disease" 
➦ PAY ATTENTION 1: Artigo definido(The) é empregado junto de ➜ substantivo, QUE JÁ FOI MENCIONADO anteriormente ou junto de substantivo específico. 
➦ PAY ATTENTION 2: Artigo indefinido("A", "An") é empregado junto de ➜ substantivo, QUE NÃO FOI MENCIONADO anteriormente.
➦ PAY ATTENTION 3: Artigo indefinido("A", "An") é utilizado somente diante de ➜ substantivos no singular.
➦ PAY ATTENTION 4: Artigo definido(THE) é utilizado  diante de ➜ substantivos no singular ou no plural.
➦ PAY ATTENTION 5: O artigo "AN" é usada diante de sons vocálicos, enquanto que "A" é usada diante de sons consonantais.

11 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

All words below are countable nouns, except:

(A) mice
(B) news
(C) sheep
(D) children

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - NOUN: 'Countable nouns' 
Todas as palavras abaixo são substantivos contáveis, exceto:
*Alternativa (A): mice.('mice-ratos' é o plural de 'mouse-rato')(contável)
*Alternativa (B): news.(notícias)('news' é sempre no singular)(incontável) 
*Alternativa (C): sheep.('sheep' apresenta uma única forma tanto para o singular-ovelha como para o plural-ovelhas)(contável)
*Alternativa (D) children(crianças)('children' é o plural de 'child')(contável)
➦ PAY ATTENTION 1: Diferenciar "contável" de "incontável" não é fácil, porque não existe correlação direta do que é incontável em português. Em português, por exemplo, dizemos MÚSICAS, REMÉDIOS, MÓVEIS, NOTÍCIAS, INFORMAÇÕES, CONSELHOS, mas em inglês essas palavras são incontáveis, ou seja, ela permanecem sempre MUSIC, MEDICINE, FURNITURE, NEWS, INFORMATION, ADVICE. É um assunto polêmico, e as vezes,  precisamos de muitos anos de experiência com o idioma, para incorporarmos esses substantivos incontáveis.
➦ PAY ATTENTION 2: são substantivos incontáveis(em inglês, SEMPRE NO SINGULAR pois não aceitam forma plural e nem aceitam serem quantificados por números ):
*Tudo que é líquido(water, coffee, milk, tea, juice)
*Grãos(sand, pepper)
*Tudo tudo que precisa ser fatiado para ser ingerido(cheese, ham, bread)
*Os 'mass nouns'(hair, food, furniture, equipment, trash, baggage)
*Tudo que for abstrato(love, music, art, happiness, patience, friendship, work, homework).
*Campos de estudos(Arts, Physics).
*Esportes(Football, tennis).
➦ PAY ATTENTION 3: Se o substantivo é incontável ele não pode ser colocado no plural(a tradução pode) e portanto concorda com VERBO NO SINGULAR.

❑ TEXTO 6: Read the extract and answer question 12.

Every week, millions of dollars are spent, and won, on the lottery tickets. The jackpot in many lotteries can be as much as 100 million, and winners suddenly find ________ with more money than ever before.

(Active- Skills for reading)

GLOSSARY
*jackpot – aposta total, prêmio

12 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

Fill in the blank, in the extract, with the appropriate reflexive pronoun.
a) themselves
b) ourselves
c) yourself
d) himself

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*Alternativa (A): themselves
*Alternativa (B): ourselves
*Alternativa (C): yourself
*Alternativa (D) himself
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: Os ganhadores inesperadamente(de repente, do nada) se descobrem (find themselves) com mais dinheiro do que nunca.
"[...] Every week, millions of dollars are spent, and won, on the lottery tickets. The jackpot in many lotteries can be as much as 100 million, and winners suddenly find THEMSELVES with more money than ever before."
(Toda semana, milhões de dólares são gastos e ganhos nos bilhetes de loteria. O jackpot em muitas loterias pode chegar a 100 milhões, e os ganhadores de repente se encontram com mais dinheiro do que nunca.)

❑ TEXTO 7: Read the extract and answer the question 13.

Since astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man to travel in space in 1961, scientists _________ what effects space travel has on the human body.

(Adapted from Active Skills)

13 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

Fill in the blank with the correct verb tense.

a) have studied
b) has studied
c) studied
d) study

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - VERB TENSE: PRESENT PERFECT(has/have+VP no particípio passado) = expressa uma situação que tem INÍCIO NO PASSADO e continua NO PRESENTE, dando destaque ao período de tempo de ocorrência da ação através de preposição (since) ou advérbio( ever, never, already, just, latery, recentely). :
*Alternativa (A): have studied (present perfect)(plural)
*Alternativa (B): has studied(present perfect)(singular)
*Alternativa (C): studied(past)
*Alternativa (D) study(present)
➦IDEIA DO TEMPO CONTEXTUAL: a preposição "since ➜ "present perfect".
➦CONCORDÂNCIA VERBAL: have studied ➜ "scientists"(plural).
"[...] Since astronaut Yuri Gagarin became the first man to travel in space in 1961, scientists HAVE STUDIED what effects space travel has on the human body."
(Desde que o astronauta Yuri Gagarin se tornou o primeiro homem a viajar no espaço em 1961, os cientistas ESTUDARAM que efeitos as viagens espaciais exercem sobre o corpo humano.)

❑ TEXTO 8: Read the text and answer question 14.

Brazil's national drink, cachaça is already the third most consumed liquor in the world, and now it is much more exported because consumers in the United States have taken a liking to the caipirinha. Caipirinha is usually produced using cachaça. There are more than 40,000 cachaça producers in Brazil, but only 1 percent of that cachaça is exported.

Adapted from Speak Up # 282)

GLOSSARY

*liquor – bebida alcoólica
*have taken a liking – tomaram gosto

14 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

According to the text,

a) cachaça is an American drink.
b) caipirinha is usually made of cachaça.
c) cachaça is the most famous drink in the world.
d) Brazil exports more than 40,000 caipirinhas to the USA.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
*Alternativa (A): cachaça is an American drink.(brasileira)
*Alternativa (B): caipirinha is usually made of cachaça.
*Alternativa (C): cachaça is the most famous drink in the world.(é a 3ª no ranking)
*Alternativa (D): Brazil exports more than 40,000 caipirinhas to the USA.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: A capirinha geralmente é feita com cachaça que é uma bebida brasileira. 
"[...] Brazil's national drink, cachaça is already the third most consumed liquor in the world, and now it is much more exported because consumers in the United States have taken a liking to the caipirinha. Caipirinha is usually produced using cachaça. There are more than 40,000 cachaça producers in Brazil, but only 1 percent of that cachaça is exported."
(A bebida nacional do Brasil, a cachaça, já é o terceiro licor mais consumido no mundo, e agora é muito mais exportada, porque os consumidores dos Estados Unidos têm gostado da caipirinha. A caipirinha é geralmente produzida com cachaça. Existem mais de 40.000 produtores de cachaça no Brasil, mas apenas 1% dessa cachaça é exportada.)

❑ TEXTO 9: Read the extract and answer question 15:

Before my grandfather died, he said to me: "Don’t waste your time! Travel around the world! Have a beautiful house! Be with a person you love! Go to the beach! Have a lot of friends!"

(Adapted from Inglês no Mundo do Trabalho)

15 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

The imperative form of the verbs underlined in the extract expresses
a) habits.
b) requests.
c) directions.
d) some advice.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IMPERATIVE FORM :
The imperative form of the verbs underlined in the extract expresses
*Alternativa (A): habits(hábitos).
*Alternativa (B): requests(pedidos).
*Alternativa (C): directions(direções).
*Alternativa (D): some advice(conselhos).
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL dos verbos no imperativo ➜ expressar "conselho".
"[...] Before my grandfather died, he said to me: "Don’t waste your time! Travel around the world! Have a beautiful house! Be with a person you love! Go to the beach! Have a lot of friends!""
(Antes de meu avô morrer, ele me disse: "Não perca seu tempo! Viaje pelo mundo! Tenha uma linda casa! Seja com uma pessoa que você ama! Vá para a praia! Tenha muitos amigos!")

16 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

Fill in the blank with the correct response:

My friend's mother is sick, but she avoids _______ to the doctor.

(A) goes
(B) to go
(C) going
(D) not to go

 👍  Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - GERÚNDIO - USAMOS O GERÚNDIO APÓS O VERBO "TO AVOID":

➭ My friend's mother is sick, but she avoids going to the doctor. – A mãe da minha amiga está doente, porém ela evita IR ao médico.

➭ EXEMPLOS: 

* Avoid coming late at work. – Evite CHEGAR atrasado no trabalho.

* I try to avoid going shopping on Saturdays. – Tento evitar FAZER COMPRAS aos sábados.

➦ 15 (Quinze) verbos mais frequentes das bancas que exigem GERÚNDIO:

* Appreciate, Avoid, Admite

* Consider, Enjoy, Imagine

* Mind, Miss, Suggest,

* Keep, Practice, Prevent

* Regret, Stop, Finish,

➦ PAY ATTENTION: A forma é no gerúndio mas a tradução é no infinitivo.

❑ TEXTO 10: Read the anecdote and answer questions 17, 18 and 19:

Mother to small son: "Be sure to wash your arms before you put on your new shirt.”

Small son: "Should I wash for long or short sleeves?"

17 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

The underlined word, in the anecdote, is a(n)

a) verb.
b) noun.
c) adverb.
d) adjective.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - PART OF SPEECH(classe gramatical): "adjective" precede = o substantivo ou o nome que ele qualifica. :
➦ Função morfológica do "new" ➜ "adjetivo".
Mother to small son(Mãe para filho pequeno):

"Be sure to wash your arms before you put on your new shirt.”

(Certifique-se de lavar os braços antes de vestir sua nova camisa)

-Small son(filho pequeno, mais novo):

"Should I wash for long or short sleeves?"
(Devo lavar para mangas longas ou curtas?)

18 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

In "Mother to small son:",

the opposite of the underlined word is

a) big.
b) only.
c) little.
d) Young.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Em "Mother to small son"(Mãe para filho pequeno), o oposto da palavra sublinhada é
*Alternativa (A): grande.
*Alternativa (B): apenas.
*Alternativa (C): pouco.
*Alternativa (D): jovem.
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: O adjetivo "small" qualifica que o filho é pequeno ou mais novo, sendo oposto a "big"(grande), que qualificaria filho maior, mais velho.

19 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

All words below describe male family members, except:

a) son
b) uncle
c) mother
d) grandfather

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - VOCABULARY :
Todas as palavras abaixo descrevem os membros masculinos da família, exceto:
*Alternativa (A): filho
*Alternativa (B): tio
*Alternativa (C): mãe
*Alternativa (D): avô
➦ mother(mãe) = sexo feminino.

❑ TEXTO 11: Read the text and answer questions 20 and 21:

A trip to Los Angeles

James Hall has a new job with Lemon Computers in Philadelphia. He’s 22 and just out of college. As part of his training, he has to spend six weeks at company headquarters near Los Angeles. It’s his first business trip, and he’s packing his suitcase. He lives with his parents, and his mother is helping him.

(New American Streamline)

GLOSSARY

*headquarters – matriz / sede principal

20 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

According to the text, which alternative does not complete the blank correctly? 

James Hall ___________.

a) works in Philadelphia
b) has just finished his college
c) usually goes on business trips
d) has to spend six weeks at company headquarters

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
De acordo com o texto, qual alternativa não completa o espaço em branco corretamente? James Hall ___________.
*Alternativa (A): trabalha na Filadélfia
*Alternativa (B): acabou de terminar sua faculdade
*Alternativa (C): geralmente faz viagens de negócios
*Alternativa (D): tem que passar seis semanas na sede da empresa
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: É a primeira viagem de negócios de James Hall.
"[...] James Hall has a new job with Lemon Computers in Philadelphia. He’s 22 and just out of college. As part of his training, he has to spend six weeks at company headquarters near Los Angeles. It’s his first business trip, and he’s packing his suitcase. He lives with his parents, and his mother is helping him."
(James Hall tem um novo emprego na Lemon Computers, na Filadélfia. Ele tem 22 anos e acabou de sair da faculdade. Como parte de seu treinamento, ele precisa passar seis semanas na sede da empresa perto de Los Angeles. É a primeira viagem de negócios dele e ele está arrumando a mala. Ele mora com os pais e sua mãe o ajuda.)

21 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

"his", in bold type in the text, is a(n)

a) demonstrative adjective.
b) possessive adjective.
c) subject pronoun.
d) object pronoun.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - POSSESSIVE ADJECTIVE(adjetivo possessivo)(my, your, his, her, its, ous, your, their): "adjetivo possessivo" segue ➜  substantivo :
*Alternativa (A): demonstrative adjective(Adjetivo demonstrativo).
*Alternativa (B): possessive adjective(adjetivo possessivo).
*Alternativa (C): subject pronoun.(pronome sujeito)
*Alternativa (D): object pronoun(pronome objeto).
➦ "His" é um adjetivo possessivo que antecede os substantivos que se referem a James Hall, indicando a posse do mesmo.
➦"its" refere-se ao possuidor ➜ "James Hall".
➦ "his first business" ➜ "primeira viagem de negócios dele".
➦ his suitcase ➜ "a mala dele".
➦ his parents ➜ "os pais dele".
➦ his mothere ➜ "a mãe dele".

❑ TEXTO 12: Read the text and answer questions 22, 23 and 24: 

Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. This is your captain Tom Brown. We’d like to welcome you aboard flight 811 and to apologize for the delay. We had some bumpy weather over the Atlantic, and arrived late from London.
Now we are experiencing another slight delay as we wait for clearance from Air Traffic Control. We don’t expect it will be more than five minutes, and we hope to arrive in Los Angeles at about 7:30 local time.

(New American Streamline)

GLOSSARY

*bumpy – instável, turbulento
*clearance – permissão

22 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

According to the text, we can conclude that

a) flight 811 arrived late in London.
b) the captain experienced more than one delay.
c) the captain didn’t mind that there was a delay.
d) the crew expected the delay would be more than five minutes.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Segundo o texto, podemos concluir que
*Alternativa (A): o vôo 811 chegou tarde em Londres.
*Alternativa (B): o capitão teve mais de um atraso.
*Alternativa (C): o capitão não se importou que houvesse um atraso.
*Alternativa (D): a tripulação esperava que o atraso fosse de mais de cinco minutos.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: O comandante menciona DOIS ATRASOS(another slight delay).
"Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen. This is your captain Tom Brown. We’d like to welcome you aboard flight 811 and to apologize for the delay. We had some bumpy weather over the Atlantic, and arrived late from London.
Now we are experiencing another slight delay as we wait for clearance from Air Traffic Control. We don't expect it will be more than five minutes, and we hope to arrive in Los Angeles at about 7:30 local time."
(Boa tarde, senhoras e senhores. Este é o seu capitão Tom Brown. Gostaríamos de recebê-lo a bordo do voo 811 e pedir desculpas pelo atraso. Nós tivemos algum tempo difícil sobre o Atlântico, e chegamos tarde de Londres.
Agora estamos experimentando outro pequeno atraso enquanto aguardamos a liberação do Controle de Tráfego Aéreo. Não esperamos que demore mais de cinco minutos e esperamos chegar a Los Angeles às 7:30, hora local.)
Nas linhas 03 e 04, o comandante menciona o 1º atraso de seu voo. A linha 05 justifica a resposta correta quando ele informa a respeito do 2º atraso (another slight delay).

23 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

"slight", (line 05), is closest in meaning to

a) considerable.
b) short.
c) long.
d) big.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - ADJETIVE :
"SLIGHT" tem significado mais próximo de...
*Alternativa (A): considerável.
*Alternativa (B): breve/pequeno.
*Alternativa (C): longo.
*Alternativa (D): grande.
➦ "another slight delay" ➜ "outro pequeno atraso". 

24 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

In

"… we hope to arrive in Los Angeles at about 7:30 local time.", (lines 7 and 8),

we can lead to the conclusion that the captain

a) is certain that the delays always happen.
b) would like to get to Los Angeles on time.
c) sounds optimistic about arriving in L.A at about 7:30.
d) doesn’t believe in the possibility of having any more delays.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Em "… esperamos chegar a Los Angeles às 7:30, hora local.", podemos levar à conclusão de que o capitão...
*Alternativa (A): está certo que os atrasos sempre acontecem.
*Alternativa (B): gostaria de chegar a Los Angeles a tempo.
*Alternativa (C): parece otimista quanto a chegar em L.A por volta das 7:30.
*Alternativa (D): não acredita na possibilidade de ter mais atrasos.
➦IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: O comandante do voo 811 está otimista em relação ao horário de chegada em L.A (7:30 – hora local).
➦ O verbo "to hope"  transmite a ideia de "ter esperança" ou "acreditar" que é possível ou provável que algo aconteça. (Collins Cobuild Advanced Learner’s English Dictionary, Editora Collins, página 700).

25 – (EEAR-CFS-2012/2013-AERONAVEGANTES E NÃO-NAVEGANTES-TURMA 2)

Fill in the blank with the correct response:

I can understand English _______ I can't speak it.

a) so
b) or
c) but
d) because

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - CONJUNCTION :
Eu consigo entender Inglês MAS eu não sou capaz de falar.
*Alternativa (A): assim
*Alternativa (B): ou
*Alternativa (C): mas
*Alternativa (D): porque
➦ IDEIA CONTEXTUAL de contraposição ➜ "BUT".
➦ A conjunção "BUT" expressa uma ideia contrária a uma declaração dita anteriormente.