❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
• CESGRANRIO-2010-PETROBRAS-NÍVEL SUPERIOR-27/02/2011.
www.cesgranrio.org.br
❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
➭ 10 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.
• Text – | Experts Try to Gauge Health Effects of Gulf Oil Spill | www.nlm.nih.gov |
❑ TEXTO:
Experts Try to Gauge Health Effects of Gulf Oil Spill
Wednesday, June 23, 2010
WEDNESDAY, June 23 (HealthDay News) - This Tuesday and Wednesday, a high-ranking group of expert government advisors is meeting to outline and anticipate potential health risks from the Gulf oil spill - and find ways to minimize them.
The workshop, convened by the Institute of Medicine (IOM) at the request of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, will not issue any formal recommendations, but is intended to spur debate on the ongoing spill.
“We know that there are several contaminations. We know that there are several groups of people — workers, volunteers, people living in the area,” said Dr. Maureen Lichtveld, a panel member and professor and chair of the department of environmental health sciences at Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine in New Orleans. “We’re going to discuss what the opportunities are for exposure and what the potential short- and long-term health effects are. That’s the essence of the workshop, to look at what we know and what are the gaps in science,” Lichtveld explained.
High on the agenda: discussions of who is most at risk from the oil spill, which started when BP’s Deepwater Horizon rig exploded and sank in the Gulf of Mexico on April 20, killing 11 workers. The spill has already greatly outdistanced the 1989 Exxon Valdez spill in magnitude.
“Volunteers will be at the highest risk,” one panel member, Paul Lioy of the University of Medicine & Dentistry of New Jersey and Rutgers University, stated at the conference. He was referring largely to the 17,000 U.S. National Guard members who are being deployed to help with the clean-up effort.
Many lack extensive training in the types of hazards — chemical and otherwise — that they’ll be facing, he said. That might even include the poisonous snakes that inhabit coastal swamps, Lioy noted. Many National Guard members are “not professionally trained. They may be lawyers, accountants, your next-door neighbor,” he pointed out.
Seamen and rescue workers, residents living in close proximity to the disaster, people eating fish and seafood, tourists and beach-goers will also face some risk going forward, Dr. Nalini Sathiakumar, an occupational epidemiologist and pediatrician at the University of Alabama at Birmingham, added during the conference.
Many of the ailments, including nausea, headache and dizziness, are already evident, especially in clean-up workers, some of whom have had to be hospitalized.
“Petroleum has inherent hazards and I would say the people at greatest risk are the ones actively working in the region right now,” added Dr. Jeff Kalina, associate medical director of the emergency department at The Methodist Hospital in Houston. “If petroleum gets into the lungs, it can cause quite a bit of damage to the lungs [including] pneumonitis, or inflammation of the lungs.”
“There are concerns for workers near the source. They do have protective equipment on but do they need respirators?” added Robert Emery, vice president for safety, health, environment and risk management at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston.
Physical contact with volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and with solvents can cause skin problems as well as eye irritation, said Sathiakumar, who noted that VOCs can also cause neurological symptoms such as confusion and weakness of the extremities.
“Some of the risks are quite apparent and some we don’t know about yet,” said Kalina. “We don’t know what’s going to happen six months or a year from now.”
The main purpose of the article is to
(A) point out ways of healing the diseases caused by the recent oil disaster in the U.S.
(B) report on the damage to the fauna caused by the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.
(C) inform about a conference to evaluate the dangers of oil spills to the health of the population of surrounding areas.
(D) inform that the meeting held in New Orleans to discuss effects of the oil spill was unsuccessful.
(E) complain about the lack of research in university labs on effects of oil spills in the environment.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
*
👉 Questão 12
According to the text, all the examples below are illnesses directly associated with the recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, EXCEPT
(A) heart stroke.
(B) lung diseases.
(C) food poisoning.
(D) skin and eye irritation.
(E) vertiginous sensations.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito A
*
👉 Questão 13
According to Dr. Paul Lioy in paragraphs 5 and 6, volunteers
(A) have been recruited to replace the National Guard members
(B) are subject to several risks in trying to aid in the recovery of the areas affected.
(C) could not be affected by chemical poisoning since this is a risk that only strikes oil workers.
(D) can cooperate in cleaning the area only after they undergo extensive professional training.
(E) should not be part of the rescue force because they can be better employed as lawyers or accountants.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
*
👉 Questão 14
Based on the meanings in the text,
(A) “...Gauge...” (title) cannot be replaced by estimate.
(B) “...issue...” (line 8) is the opposite of announce.
(C) “...spur...” (line 9) and stimulate are antonyms.
(D) “...outdistanced...” (line 27) and exceeded are synonyms.
(E) “...deployed...” (line 34) and dismissed express similar ideas.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
*
👉 Questão 15
The word may in “They may be lawyers, accountants, your next-door neighbor,” (lines 40-41) expresses
(A) ability.
(B) advice.
(C) certainty.
(D) necessity.
(E) possibility.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
*
👉 Questão 16
In terms of reference,
(A) “...them.” (line 5) refers to “...advisors...” (line 3).
(B) “which...” (line 24) refers to “discussions...” (line 23). (C) “Many...” (line 35) refers to “...members...” (line 33).
(D) “They...” (line 40) refers to “...hazards” (line 36). (E) “...whom...” (line 51) refers to “...ailments,” (line 49).
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
*
👉 Questão 17
In paragraph 9, Dr. Jeff Kalina affirms that “Petroleum has inherent hazards...” (line 53) because he feels that
(A) it is neurologically harmful for the family of workers in oil rigs.
(B) the health risks associated with oil prospection are completely unpredictable.
(C) the damages it causes on the environment are intrinsic to the way oil is being explored.
(D) direct exposure to the chemicals it contains can cause different kinds of health disorders.
(E) all of the risks associated with the oil production are known but are not made public.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
*
👉 Questão 18
In replacing the word “if” in the sentence “If petroleum gets into the lungs, it can cause quite a bit of damage to the lungs [including] pneumonitis, or inflammation of the lungs.” (lines 57-60), the linking element that would significantly change the meaning expressed in the original is
(A) in case.
(B) assuming that.
(C) supposing that.
(D) in the event that.
(E) despite the fact that.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
*
👉 Questão 19
In the fragments “to look at what we know and what are the gaps in science,” (lines 20-21) and “‘They may be lawyers, accountants, your next-door neighbor’, he pointed out.” (lines 40-41), the expressions look at and pointed out mean, respectively,
(A) face – revealed.
(B) seek – deduced.
(C) examine – adverted
(D) investigate – estimated.
(E) glance at – mentioned.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
*
👉 Questão 20
Based on the information in the text, it is INCORRECT to say that
(A) Dr. Maureen Litchveld feels that it is important to learn more about the immediate and future effects of oil extraction on the workers and surrounding population.
(B) Dr. Nalini Sathiakumar considers that the civilians in the neighboring cities do not need to worry about seafood being contaminated.
(C) Dr. Jeff Kalina believes that production workers involved in the field where the oil spill occurred run the risk of suffering from respiratory problems.
(D) Dr. Robert Emery speculates whether the workers in the field of the disaster might need other devices to prevent further health problems.
(E) Dr. Paul Lioy remarks that not all volunteers cleaning up the damage to the environment have received proper training on how to deal with such situations.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
*
Copyright (c) 2010 HealthDay. All rights reserved. http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/news/fullstory_100305.html,
retrieved on September 9th, 2010.
👉 Questão 11 The main purpose of the article is to
(A) point out ways of healing the diseases caused by the recent oil disaster in the U.S.
(B) report on the damage to the fauna caused by the oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico.
(C) inform about a conference to evaluate the dangers of oil spills to the health of the population of surrounding areas.
(D) inform that the meeting held in New Orleans to discuss effects of the oil spill was unsuccessful.
(E) complain about the lack of research in university labs on effects of oil spills in the environment.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
*
👉 Questão 12
According to the text, all the examples below are illnesses directly associated with the recent oil spill in the Gulf of Mexico, EXCEPT
(A) heart stroke.
(B) lung diseases.
(C) food poisoning.
(D) skin and eye irritation.
(E) vertiginous sensations.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito A
*
👉 Questão 13
According to Dr. Paul Lioy in paragraphs 5 and 6, volunteers
(A) have been recruited to replace the National Guard members
(B) are subject to several risks in trying to aid in the recovery of the areas affected.
(C) could not be affected by chemical poisoning since this is a risk that only strikes oil workers.
(D) can cooperate in cleaning the area only after they undergo extensive professional training.
(E) should not be part of the rescue force because they can be better employed as lawyers or accountants.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
*
👉 Questão 14
Based on the meanings in the text,
(A) “...Gauge...” (title) cannot be replaced by estimate.
(B) “...issue...” (line 8) is the opposite of announce.
(C) “...spur...” (line 9) and stimulate are antonyms.
(D) “...outdistanced...” (line 27) and exceeded are synonyms.
(E) “...deployed...” (line 34) and dismissed express similar ideas.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
*
👉 Questão 15
The word may in “They may be lawyers, accountants, your next-door neighbor,” (lines 40-41) expresses
(A) ability.
(B) advice.
(C) certainty.
(D) necessity.
(E) possibility.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
*
👉 Questão 16
In terms of reference,
(A) “...them.” (line 5) refers to “...advisors...” (line 3).
(B) “which...” (line 24) refers to “discussions...” (line 23). (C) “Many...” (line 35) refers to “...members...” (line 33).
(D) “They...” (line 40) refers to “...hazards” (line 36). (E) “...whom...” (line 51) refers to “...ailments,” (line 49).
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
*
👉 Questão 17
In paragraph 9, Dr. Jeff Kalina affirms that “Petroleum has inherent hazards...” (line 53) because he feels that
(A) it is neurologically harmful for the family of workers in oil rigs.
(B) the health risks associated with oil prospection are completely unpredictable.
(C) the damages it causes on the environment are intrinsic to the way oil is being explored.
(D) direct exposure to the chemicals it contains can cause different kinds of health disorders.
(E) all of the risks associated with the oil production are known but are not made public.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
*
👉 Questão 18
In replacing the word “if” in the sentence “If petroleum gets into the lungs, it can cause quite a bit of damage to the lungs [including] pneumonitis, or inflammation of the lungs.” (lines 57-60), the linking element that would significantly change the meaning expressed in the original is
(A) in case.
(B) assuming that.
(C) supposing that.
(D) in the event that.
(E) despite the fact that.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
*
👉 Questão 19
In the fragments “to look at what we know and what are the gaps in science,” (lines 20-21) and “‘They may be lawyers, accountants, your next-door neighbor’, he pointed out.” (lines 40-41), the expressions look at and pointed out mean, respectively,
(A) face – revealed.
(B) seek – deduced.
(C) examine – adverted
(D) investigate – estimated.
(E) glance at – mentioned.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
*
👉 Questão 20
Based on the information in the text, it is INCORRECT to say that
(A) Dr. Maureen Litchveld feels that it is important to learn more about the immediate and future effects of oil extraction on the workers and surrounding population.
(B) Dr. Nalini Sathiakumar considers that the civilians in the neighboring cities do not need to worry about seafood being contaminated.
(C) Dr. Jeff Kalina believes that production workers involved in the field where the oil spill occurred run the risk of suffering from respiratory problems.
(D) Dr. Robert Emery speculates whether the workers in the field of the disaster might need other devices to prevent further health problems.
(E) Dr. Paul Lioy remarks that not all volunteers cleaning up the damage to the environment have received proper training on how to deal with such situations.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
*
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