Postagens
❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
• PUC/RIO-2016-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS-VESTIBULAR-16/10/2015.
www.puc-rio.br/vestibular
❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:
➭ 20 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each Question.
• Text – | Bangladesh: 2 Years After Rana Plaza, Workers Denied Rights Enforce Labor Law and End Mistreatment of Unions | /www.hrw.org |
❑ TEXTO:
Bangladesh: 2 Years After Rana Plaza, Workers Denied Rights Enforce Labor Law and End Mistreatment of Unions
1Garment workers in Bangladesh face poor
working conditions and anti-union tactics by employers
including assaults on union organizers, Human Rights
Watch said in a report released today. In the two years
since more than 1,100 workers died in the catastrophic
collapse of the Rana Plaza factory on April 24, 2013,
efforts are underway to make Bangladesh factories
safer, but the government and Western retailers can
and should do more to enforce international labor
standards to protect workers’ rights, including their
right to form unions and advocate for better conditions.
2
“If Bangladesh wants to avoid another Rana Plaza disaster, it needs to effectively enforce its labor law and ensure that garment workers enjoy the right to voice their concerns about safety and working conditions without fear of retaliation or dismissal,” said Phil Robertson, Asia deputy director. “If Bangladesh does not hold factory managers accountable who attack workers and deny the right to form unions, the government will perpetuate practices that have cost the lives of thousands of workers.”
3
Workers report violations including physical assault, verbal abuse – sometimes of a sexual nature – forced overtime, denial of paid maternity leave, and failure to pay wages and bonuses on time or in full. Despite recent labor law reforms, many workers who try to form unions to address such abuses face threats, intimidation, dismissal, and sometimes physical assault at the hands of factory management or hired third parties.
4
At Rana Plaza, factory managers compelled reluctant workers to enter the building despite major cracks in the complex’s walls. At the Tazreen factory, where a fire killed at least 112 workers on November 24, 2012, managers refused to let workers escape even after the fire alarms went off. None of the factories involved had a union to represent workers to help them to push back against the managers’ deadly demands.
5
While changes to some labor laws since Rana Plaza, including provisions easing the union registration process, have facilitated registration of new unions, still fewer than 10 percent of garment factories in Bangladesh have unions. Union leaders told Human Rights Watch that they continue to be targeted by factory management, risking abuse by both managers and supervisors, or thugs acting at their behest. In some factories, workers leading efforts to form unions have been dismissed for their organizing activities. Factory owners and management reject these allegations. A Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA) official told Human Rights Watch: “We have a bitter experience about unions. They believe they don’t need to work and they will get paid.”
6
A union leader at a factory in Gazipur said that when she and others tried to set up a union in January 2014, they were brutally assaulted and scores of workers were fired. She said she was beaten while pregnant, forced to work at night, and eventually fired, without receiving all the back wages she was owed, all because she refused to stop unionizing. “I was beaten with metal curtain rods in February when I was pregnant. I was called to the chairman’s room and taken to the third floor management room which is used by the management and directors and there I was beaten by the local goons.”
7
Companies sourcing from Bangladesh factories should immediately take action to ensure that factory inspections conducted on their behalf or with their support are effective in ensuring that their supplier factories comply with the companies’ codes of conduct and the Bangladesh labor law. Audits and inspections undertaken by or on behalf of international apparel companies should be reviewed to ensure that they are capable of effectively detecting and investigating factory management actions and practices that deny workers’ rights to freedom of association and protection against anti-union discrimination. International apparel companies and clothing retailers should also agree to supply chain transparency and regularly and publicly disclose all Bangladesh-based factories from which they source.
8
The Human Rights Watch report also examines the aftermath of the Rana Plaza and Tazreen disasters. Three separate initiatives to inspect the factories for safety are underway. However, more remains to be done to adequately support the victims of the collapse of Rana Plaza and the deadly fire at the Tazreen Fashions factory. Survivors told Human Rights Watch that the compensation they have received until now is not sufficient to pay their medical bills and cover their loss of livelihood. An independent commission has estimated that US$30 million needs to be paid to the survivors of Rana Plaza and the dependents of those that died, but only about $21 million had been paid or pledged as of March 2015. For victims of the Tazreen fire, the situation is much worse in the absence of a sustained campaign for compensation, such as in the case of the Rana Plaza collapse. In November 2014, the European retailer C&A pledged a “significant amount towards full and fair compensation” for the victims of Tazreen, and the Hong-Kong-based company Li & Fung made a donation to support victims soon after the disaster. However, several other companies have paid nothing, claiming the factory was making or storing their products without their knowledge or authorization.
8
The readymade garment industry accounts for almost 80 percent of the country’s export earnings and contributes to more than 10 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP), employing more than four million workers, a majority of them women. The industry, which includes more than 4,500 factories of various sizes, has a crucial role in alleviating poverty in Bangladesh.
9
“Continuing the economic success of the Bangladesh garment sector offers benefits for everyone – the retail companies and their consumers, factory owners, and the government,” Robertson said. “But those gains should not come at the cost of lives and the suffering of garment workers struggling for a better future.”
01 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
2
“If Bangladesh wants to avoid another Rana Plaza disaster, it needs to effectively enforce its labor law and ensure that garment workers enjoy the right to voice their concerns about safety and working conditions without fear of retaliation or dismissal,” said Phil Robertson, Asia deputy director. “If Bangladesh does not hold factory managers accountable who attack workers and deny the right to form unions, the government will perpetuate practices that have cost the lives of thousands of workers.”
3
Workers report violations including physical assault, verbal abuse – sometimes of a sexual nature – forced overtime, denial of paid maternity leave, and failure to pay wages and bonuses on time or in full. Despite recent labor law reforms, many workers who try to form unions to address such abuses face threats, intimidation, dismissal, and sometimes physical assault at the hands of factory management or hired third parties.
4
At Rana Plaza, factory managers compelled reluctant workers to enter the building despite major cracks in the complex’s walls. At the Tazreen factory, where a fire killed at least 112 workers on November 24, 2012, managers refused to let workers escape even after the fire alarms went off. None of the factories involved had a union to represent workers to help them to push back against the managers’ deadly demands.
5
While changes to some labor laws since Rana Plaza, including provisions easing the union registration process, have facilitated registration of new unions, still fewer than 10 percent of garment factories in Bangladesh have unions. Union leaders told Human Rights Watch that they continue to be targeted by factory management, risking abuse by both managers and supervisors, or thugs acting at their behest. In some factories, workers leading efforts to form unions have been dismissed for their organizing activities. Factory owners and management reject these allegations. A Bangladesh Garment Manufacturers and Exporters Association (BGMEA) official told Human Rights Watch: “We have a bitter experience about unions. They believe they don’t need to work and they will get paid.”
6
A union leader at a factory in Gazipur said that when she and others tried to set up a union in January 2014, they were brutally assaulted and scores of workers were fired. She said she was beaten while pregnant, forced to work at night, and eventually fired, without receiving all the back wages she was owed, all because she refused to stop unionizing. “I was beaten with metal curtain rods in February when I was pregnant. I was called to the chairman’s room and taken to the third floor management room which is used by the management and directors and there I was beaten by the local goons.”
7
Companies sourcing from Bangladesh factories should immediately take action to ensure that factory inspections conducted on their behalf or with their support are effective in ensuring that their supplier factories comply with the companies’ codes of conduct and the Bangladesh labor law. Audits and inspections undertaken by or on behalf of international apparel companies should be reviewed to ensure that they are capable of effectively detecting and investigating factory management actions and practices that deny workers’ rights to freedom of association and protection against anti-union discrimination. International apparel companies and clothing retailers should also agree to supply chain transparency and regularly and publicly disclose all Bangladesh-based factories from which they source.
8
The Human Rights Watch report also examines the aftermath of the Rana Plaza and Tazreen disasters. Three separate initiatives to inspect the factories for safety are underway. However, more remains to be done to adequately support the victims of the collapse of Rana Plaza and the deadly fire at the Tazreen Fashions factory. Survivors told Human Rights Watch that the compensation they have received until now is not sufficient to pay their medical bills and cover their loss of livelihood. An independent commission has estimated that US$30 million needs to be paid to the survivors of Rana Plaza and the dependents of those that died, but only about $21 million had been paid or pledged as of March 2015. For victims of the Tazreen fire, the situation is much worse in the absence of a sustained campaign for compensation, such as in the case of the Rana Plaza collapse. In November 2014, the European retailer C&A pledged a “significant amount towards full and fair compensation” for the victims of Tazreen, and the Hong-Kong-based company Li & Fung made a donation to support victims soon after the disaster. However, several other companies have paid nothing, claiming the factory was making or storing their products without their knowledge or authorization.
8
The readymade garment industry accounts for almost 80 percent of the country’s export earnings and contributes to more than 10 percent of the gross domestic product (GDP), employing more than four million workers, a majority of them women. The industry, which includes more than 4,500 factories of various sizes, has a crucial role in alleviating poverty in Bangladesh.
9
“Continuing the economic success of the Bangladesh garment sector offers benefits for everyone – the retail companies and their consumers, factory owners, and the government,” Robertson said. “But those gains should not come at the cost of lives and the suffering of garment workers struggling for a better future.”
Published on Human Rights Watch – April 22, 2015
Adapted from http://www.hrw.org/news/2015/04/22/
bangladesh-2-years-after-rana-plaza-workers-denied-rights
The communicative intention of the article is to
(A) accuse the Bangladesh factory workers of negligence in the disaster that took place on April 24, 2013.
(B) criticize Bangladesh authorities for not allowing factory workers to form unions.
(C) denounce the dreadful working conditions faced by Bangladesh factory workers.
(D) alert society about the insufficient compensation paid to victims of the Rana Plaza and Tazreen disasters.
(E) blame international apparel companies for not undertaking inspections of Bangladesh factories to ensure acceptable safety conditions.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
A intenção comunicativa do artigo é
(A) accuse the Bangladesh factory workers of negligence in the disaster that took place on April 24, 2013.
acusar os trabalhadores da fábrica de Bangladesh de negligência no desastre ocorrido em 24 de abril de 2013.
(B) criticize Bangladesh authorities for not allowing factory workers to form unions.
(B) criticize Bangladesh authorities for not allowing factory workers to form unions.
criticar as autoridades do Bangladesh por não permitirem que os trabalhadores fabris formassem sindicatos.
(C) denounce the dreadful working conditions faced by Bangladesh factory workers.
(C) denounce the dreadful working conditions faced by Bangladesh factory workers.
denunciar as terríveis condições de trabalho enfrentadas pelos trabalhadores das fábricas do Bangladesh.
(D) alert society about the insufficient compensation paid to victims of the Rana Plaza and Tazreen disasters.
(D) alert society about the insufficient compensation paid to victims of the Rana Plaza and Tazreen disasters.
alertar a sociedade sobre a insuficiência de compensações pagas às vítimas dos desastres de Rana Plaza e Tazreen.
(E) blame international apparel companies for not undertaking inspections of Bangladesh factories to ensure acceptable safety conditions.
(E) blame international apparel companies for not undertaking inspections of Bangladesh factories to ensure acceptable safety conditions.
culpar as empresas internacionais de vestuário por não realizarem inspeções nas fábricas do Bangladesh para garantir condições de segurança aceitáveis.
02 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
Based on the fragment “…the government and Western
retailers can and should do more to enforce international
labor standards to protect workers’ rights.” one can infer that Bangladesh government and Western
retailers
(B) are not considered powerful enough to change international labor laws.
(C) are not capable of creating new stricter working regulations to ensure safety at work.
(D) are expected to have a more active role in safeguarding employees’ rights.
(E) have to force the international market to establi
sh
acceptable working standards.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - INFERÊNCIA A PARTIR DE TRECHO ESPECÍFICO :
Com base no fragmento “…o governo e os retalhistas ocidentais podem e devem fazer mais para fazer cumprir as normas laborais internacionais para proteger os direitos dos trabalhadores”. pode-se inferir que o governo de Bangladesh e os varejistas ocidentais
(A) ought to enable the global market to strengthen worker’s rights.deveria permitir ao mercado global reforçar os direitos dos trabalhadores.
(B) are not considered powerful enough to change international labor laws.
(B) are not considered powerful enough to change international labor laws.
não são considerados suficientemente poderosos para alterar as leis laborais internacionais.
(C) are not capable of creating new stricter working regulations to ensure safety at work.
(C) are not capable of creating new stricter working regulations to ensure safety at work.
não são capazes de criar novas regulamentações de trabalho mais rigorosas para garantir a segurança no trabalho.
(D) are expected to have a more active role in safeguarding employees’ rights.
(D) are expected to have a more active role in safeguarding employees’ rights.
deverão ter um papel mais ativo na salvaguarda dos direitos dos trabalhadores.
(E) have to force the international market to establi
(E) have to force the international market to establi
sh acceptable working standards.
ter que forçar o mercado internacional a se estabelecer
padrões de trabalho aceitáveis.
03 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
According to Phil Robertson in paragraph 2 (lines 12-21), garment workers in Bangladesh are
(A) allowed to form professional associations in their working sites.
(B) under constant threat due to poor safety and working conditions.
(C) free to express their allegations of inadequate working conditions.
(D) prevented from hiding their frequent fear of retaliation or dismissal.
(E) expected to engage in collective bargaining for better wages and benefits.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO DE PARÁGRAFO ESPECÍFICO :
De acordo com Phil Robertson no parágrafo 2 (linhas 12-21), os trabalhadores do setor do vestuário no Bangladesh são / estão
(A) allowed to form professional associations in their working sites.
autorizados a formar associações profissionais em seus locais de trabalho.
(B) under constant threat due to poor safety and working conditions.
(B) under constant threat due to poor safety and working conditions.
sob constante ameaça devido a más condições de segurança e de trabalho.
(C) free to express their allegations of inadequate working conditions.
(C) free to express their allegations of inadequate working conditions.
livres para expressar suas alegações de condições de trabalho inadequadas.
(D) prevented from hiding their frequent fear of retaliation or dismissal.
(D) prevented from hiding their frequent fear of retaliation or dismissal.
impedidos de esconder o medo frequente de retaliação ou demissão.
(E) expected to engage in collective bargaining for better wages and benefits.
(E) expected to engage in collective bargaining for better wages and benefits.
espera-se que se envolvam na negociação colectiva por melhores salários e benefícios.
04 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
According to paragraph 3 (lines 22-30), Bangladesh
workers have suffered all the violations below, EXCEPT
(A) delayed or suspended payments.
(B) physical and verbal intimidation.
(C) denial of basic labor rights.
(D) discharges from their jobs.
(E) violent sexual abuse.
(B) physical and verbal intimidation.
(C) denial of basic labor rights.
(D) discharges from their jobs.
(E) violent sexual abuse.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO DE PARÁGRAFO ESPECÍFICO :
De acordo com o parágrafo 3 (linhas 22-30), os trabalhadores do Bangladesh sofreram todas as violações abaixo, EXCETO
(A) delayed or suspended payments.
pagamentos atrasados ou suspensos.
(B) physical and verbal intimidation.
(B) physical and verbal intimidation.
intimidação física e verbal.
(C) denial of basic labor rights.
(C) denial of basic labor rights.
negação de direitos trabalhistas básicos.
(D) discharges from their jobs.
(D) discharges from their jobs.
desligamentos de seus empregos.
(E) violent sexual abuse.
(E) violent sexual abuse.
abuso sexual violento.
05 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
According to paragraph 4 (lines 31-39), the circumstances
that led to thousands of deaths and injuries in the two Bangladesh’s disasters could have been prevented if
(A) workers at both factories had more of a voice.
(B) the cracks in the buildings had not been noticed.
(C) workers had heard the sound of the siren alarms.
(D) workers had been denied permission to escape the buildings.
(E) factory managers had forced workers to work in the buildings.
(B) the cracks in the buildings had not been noticed.
(C) workers had heard the sound of the siren alarms.
(D) workers had been denied permission to escape the buildings.
(E) factory managers had forced workers to work in the buildings.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO DE PARÁGRAFO ESPECÍFICO :
De acordo com o parágrafo 4 (linhas 31-39), as circunstâncias que levaram a milhares de mortes e feridos nos dois desastres do Bangladesh poderiam ter sido evitadas se
(A) workers at both factories had more of a voice.
os trabalhadores de ambas as fábricas tinham mais voz.
(B) the cracks in the buildings had not been noticed.
(B) the cracks in the buildings had not been noticed.
as fissuras nos edifícios não foram percebidas.
(C) workers had heard the sound of the siren alarms.
(C) workers had heard the sound of the siren alarms.
os trabalhadores ouviram o som dos alarmes da sirene.
(D) workers had been denied permission to escape the buildings.
(D) workers had been denied permission to escape the buildings.
aos trabalhadores foi negada permissão para escapar dos edifícios.
(E) factory managers had forced workers to work in the buildings.
(E) factory managers had forced workers to work in the buildings.
os gestores das fábricas forçaram os trabalhadores a trabalhar nos edifícios.
06 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
The expression “these allegations” (line 51) in the context
of the paragraph it is inserted in refers to the
(A) registration of new trade unions by Bangladesh factory workers.
(B) fact that union leaders in Bangladesh do not need to work to get paid.
(C) increasing percentage of trade unions in the garment factories in Bangladesh.
(D) violent reactions of factory owners and management against changes in labor laws.
(E) abuses suffered by Bangladesh factory workers who have tried to form trade unions.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - REFERÊNCIA DE EXPRESSÃO :
A expressão “estas alegações” (linha 51), no contexto do parágrafo em que está inserida, refere-se ao
(A) registration of new trade unions by Bangladesh factory workers.
registo de novos sindicatos por trabalhadores fabris do Bangladesh.
(B) fact that union leaders in Bangladesh do not need to work to get paid.
(B) fact that union leaders in Bangladesh do not need to work to get paid.
o facto de os líderes sindicais no Bangladesh não precisarem de trabalhar para serem pagos.
(C) increasing percentage of trade unions in the garment factories in Bangladesh.
(C) increasing percentage of trade unions in the garment factories in Bangladesh.
aumento da percentagem de sindicatos nas fábricas de vestuário no Bangladesh.
(D) violent reactions of factory owners and management against changes in labor laws.
(D) violent reactions of factory owners and management against changes in labor laws.
reações violentas dos proprietários e gestores das fábricas contra mudanças nas leis trabalhistas.
(E) abuses suffered by Bangladesh factory workers who have tried to form trade unions.
(E) abuses suffered by Bangladesh factory workers who have tried to form trade unions.
abusos sofridos por trabalhadores fabris do Bangladesh que tentaram formar sindicatos.
07 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
In the full version of this report, the authors included
excerpts of union leaders’ interviews as an illustration of
their complaint.
The statement that could be used to support the union
leaders’ complaint as in “Union leaders told Human
Rights Watch that they continue to be targeted by
factory management, risking abuse by both managers and
supervisors, or thugs acting at their behest.” (lines 44-48) is
(A) “The managers say they will pay us on the 10th of
every month but sometimes they give it on the 12th, or
maybe the 14th, or even after the 20th.”
(B) “Often I am given a target that I cannot meet. But I have to make up for it by working an extra hour or two without pay.”
(C) “We avoid drinking more water so that we don’t need to go to toilet. Spending more time in the toilet means falling behind the target.”
(D) “In our factory, 80 percent of workers are female and they will get pregnant, but the managers are not doing anything about maternity leave and bonuses.”
(E) “They were threatening me saying ‘You need to stop doing the union activities in the factory, why did you try and form the union?’”
(B) “Often I am given a target that I cannot meet. But I have to make up for it by working an extra hour or two without pay.”
(C) “We avoid drinking more water so that we don’t need to go to toilet. Spending more time in the toilet means falling behind the target.”
(D) “In our factory, 80 percent of workers are female and they will get pregnant, but the managers are not doing anything about maternity leave and bonuses.”
(E) “They were threatening me saying ‘You need to stop doing the union activities in the factory, why did you try and form the union?’”
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO DE TRECHO :
Na versão completa deste relatório, os autores incluíram trechos de entrevistas com líderes sindicais como ilustração da sua reclamação.
A declaração que poderia ser usada para apoiar a queixa dos líderes sindicais como em “Os líderes sindicais disseram à Human Rights Watch que continuam a ser alvo da gestão da fábrica, arriscando-se a abusos por parte de gestores e supervisores, ou de bandidos que agem a seu pedido”. (linhas 44-48) é
(A) “The managers say they will pay us on the 10th of every month but sometimes they give it on the 12th, or maybe the 14th, or even after the 20th.”
“Os gestores dizem que nos pagam no dia 10 de cada mês, mas às vezes pagam no dia 12, ou talvez no dia 14, ou mesmo depois do dia 20.”
(B) “Often I am given a target that I cannot meet. But I have to make up for it by working an extra hour or two without pay.”
(B) “Often I am given a target that I cannot meet. But I have to make up for it by working an extra hour or two without pay.”
“Muitas vezes recebo uma meta que não consigo cumprir. Mas tenho que compensar trabalhando uma ou duas horas extras sem remuneração.”
(C) “We avoid drinking more water so that we don’t need to go to toilet. Spending more time in the toilet means falling behind the target.”
(C) “We avoid drinking more water so that we don’t need to go to toilet. Spending more time in the toilet means falling behind the target.”
“Evitamos beber mais água para não precisarmos ir ao banheiro. Passar mais tempo no banheiro significa ficar aquém da meta.”
(D) “In our factory, 80 percent of workers are female and they will get pregnant, but the managers are not doing anything about maternity leave and bonuses.”
(D) “In our factory, 80 percent of workers are female and they will get pregnant, but the managers are not doing anything about maternity leave and bonuses.”
“Na nossa fábrica, 80 por cento dos trabalhadores são mulheres e vão engravidar, mas os gestores não estão a fazer nada em relação à licença de maternidade e aos bónus.”
(E) “They were threatening me saying ‘You need to stop doing the union activities in the factory, why did you try and form the union?’”
(E) “They were threatening me saying ‘You need to stop doing the union activities in the factory, why did you try and form the union?’”
“Eles estavam me ameaçando dizendo ‘Você precisa parar de fazer as atividades sindicais na fábrica, por que você tentou formar o sindicato?’”
08 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
According to paragraph 5 (lines 40-55), union leaders in
Bangladesh have been
(A) making an effort to get along with managers and
supervisors.
(B) treated in an offensive and harmful way by factory management.
(C) holding an envied position because they usually earn very good salaries.
(D) spreading their influence across most of the country’s garment factories.
(E) rejecting the offer to accelerate the union registration process in factories.
(B) treated in an offensive and harmful way by factory management.
(C) holding an envied position because they usually earn very good salaries.
(D) spreading their influence across most of the country’s garment factories.
(E) rejecting the offer to accelerate the union registration process in factories.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO DE PARÁGRAFO ESPECÍFICO :
De acordo com o parágrafo 5 (linhas 40-55), os líderes sindicais no Bangladesh têm sido
(A) making an effort to get along with managers and supervisors.
feito um esforço para se dar bem com gerentes e supervisores.
(B) treated in an offensive and harmful way by factory management.
tratado de forma ofensiva e prejudicial pela direção da fábrica.
(C) holding an envied position because they usually earn very good salaries.
(C) holding an envied position because they usually earn very good salaries.
ocupar um cargo invejado porque costumam ganhar salários muito bons.
(D) spreading their influence across most of the country’s garment factories.
(D) spreading their influence across most of the country’s garment factories.
espalhar a sua influência pela maioria das fábricas de vestuário do país.
(E) rejecting the offer to accelerate the union registration process in factories.
(E) rejecting the offer to accelerate the union registration process in factories.
rejeitar a oferta para acelerar o processo de registro sindical nas fábricas.
09 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
According to paragraph 5 (lines 40-55), garment manufacturers believe that union representatives
(A) have been sacked due to workers’ reports.
(B) are lazy but need to be paid wages and bonuses.
(C) have eased the registration of all garment workers.
(D) enforce employers’ bitter tactics against retailers.
(E) expect to be paid even when they do not work.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - COMPREENSÃO DE PARÁGRAFO ESPECÍFICO :
De acordo com o parágrafo 5 (linhas 40-55), os fabricantes de vestuário acreditam que os representantes sindicais
(A) have been sacked due to workers’ reports.
foram demitidos devido a denúncias de trabalhadores.
(B) are lazy but need to be paid wages and bonuses.
(B) are lazy but need to be paid wages and bonuses.
são preguiçosos, mas precisam receber salários e bônus.
(C) have eased the registration of all garment workers.
(C) have eased the registration of all garment workers.
facilitaram o registo de todos os trabalhadores do setor do vestuário.
(D) enforce employers’ bitter tactics against retailers.
(D) enforce employers’ bitter tactics against retailers.
impoem as táticas amargas dos empregadores contra os varejistas.
(E) expect to be paid even when they do not work.
(E) expect to be paid even when they do not work.
esperam ser pagos mesmo quando não trabalham.
10 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR-RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
The expression “on their behalf” in the fragment “Companies sourcing from Bangladesh factories
should immediately take action to ensure that factory
inspections conducted on their behalf…” (lines 68-70) can be replaced, without change in meaning, by
(A) in their name.
(B) against their will.
(C) despite their orders.
(D) without their consent.
(E) under their strict control.
(B) against their will.
(C) despite their orders.
(D) without their consent.
(E) under their strict control.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - EXPRESSÃO " ON SOMEBODY'S BEHALF" - EM NOME DE ALGUÉM:
A expressão on their behalf”(em seu nome) no fragmento
“Companies sourcing from Bangladesh factories should immediately take action to ensure that factory inspections conducted on their behalf…” (As empresas que abastecem-se de fábricas do Bangladesh devem tomar medidas imediatas para garantir que as inspeções de fábrica realizadas em seu nome…) podem ser substituídas, sem alteração de significado, por
(A) in their name.
em seu nome.
(B) against their will.
(B) against their will.
contra sua vontade.
(C) despite their orders.
(C) despite their orders.
apesar de suas ordens.
(D) without their consent.
(D) without their consent.
sem o seu consentimento.
(E) under their strict control.
(E) under their strict control.
sob seu estrito controle.
The word(s) in bold is substituted by the word(s) in
parentheses, without change in meaning, in
(A) “If Bangladesh does not hold factory managers
accountable who attack workers and deny the right to
form unions,” – lines 17-19 (Whereas)
(B) “Despite recent labor law reforms, many workers who try to form unions to address such abuses…” – lines 26-27 (Due to)
(C) “While changes to some labor laws since Rana Plaza, including provisions easing the union registration process, have facilitated registration of new unions…” – lines 40-43 (Even though)
(D) “However, more remains to be done to adequately support the victims of the collapse of Rana Plaza and the deadly fire at the Tazreen Fashions factory.” – lines 87-90 (Hence)
(E) “But those gains should not come at the cost of lives and the suffering of garment workers struggling for a better future.” – lines 121-123 (Furthermore)
(B) “Despite recent labor law reforms, many workers who try to form unions to address such abuses…” – lines 26-27 (Due to)
(C) “While changes to some labor laws since Rana Plaza, including provisions easing the union registration process, have facilitated registration of new unions…” – lines 40-43 (Even though)
(D) “However, more remains to be done to adequately support the victims of the collapse of Rana Plaza and the deadly fire at the Tazreen Fashions factory.” – lines 87-90 (Hence)
(E) “But those gains should not come at the cost of lives and the suffering of garment workers struggling for a better future.” – lines 121-123 (Furthermore)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
12 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR- RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
In the fragments
“…ensuring that their supplier factories
comply with the companies’ codes of conduct and the
Bangladesh labor law ” (lines 71-73)”
and
“The readymade
garment industry accounts for almost 80 percent of the
country’s export earnings and contributes to more than10
percent of the gross domestic product (GDP),” (lines 109-
112),
‘comply with’ and ‘accounts for’ mean, respectively,
(A) oppose to – justifies
(B) back up – regulates
(C) agree with – controls
(D) protest against – represents
(E) abide by – is responsible for
(B) back up – regulates
(C) agree with – controls
(D) protest against – represents
(E) abide by – is responsible for
👍 Comentários e Gabarito E
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
13 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR- RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
Based on the meanings of the words in the text,
it can be
said that
(A) underway (line 7) and in progress are antonyms.
(B) ensure (line 14) and ignore are synonyms.
(C) accountable (line 18) and unrealiable have opposite meanings.
(D) behest (line 48) and command express similar ideas.
(E) eventually (line 60) and in the long run express contradictory ideas.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
14 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR- RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
In the original publication of this text, a paragraph was
introduced by the following sentence:
The 78-page report, ‘“Whoever Raises Their Head, Suffers
the Most’: Workers’ Rights in Bangladesh’s Garment
Factories,” is based on interviews with more than
160 workers from 44 factories, most of them making
garments for retail companies in North America, Europe,
and Australia.
This sentence would fit in immediately before the
paragraph that begins with
(A) “Garment workers in Bangladesh face poor working
conditions and anti-union tactics”… (lines 1-2)
(B) “Workers report violations including physical assault, verbal abuse”… (lines 22-23)
(C) “While changes to some labor laws since Rana Plaza, including provisions easing the union registration process”… (lines 40-42)
(D) “Companies sourcing from Bangladesh factories should immediately take action to ensure”… (lines 68-69)
(E) “The readymade garment industry accounts for almost 80 percent of the country’s export”… (lines 109-110)
(B) “Workers report violations including physical assault, verbal abuse”… (lines 22-23)
(C) “While changes to some labor laws since Rana Plaza, including provisions easing the union registration process”… (lines 40-42)
(D) “Companies sourcing from Bangladesh factories should immediately take action to ensure”… (lines 68-69)
(E) “The readymade garment industry accounts for almost 80 percent of the country’s export”… (lines 109-110)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
One of the functions of the grammatical construction
called passive voice is to focus on the person or object
that experiences an action.
Mark the alternative in which the person (or persons) is
NOT the recipient of the action.
(A) “… when she and others tried to set up a union in January 2014,” (lines 57-58)
(B) “… they were brutally assaulted and scores of workers were fired.” (lines 58-59)
(C) “… she was beaten while pregnant, forced to work at night, and eventually fired,” (lines 59-61)
(D) “I was called to the chairman’s room and taken to the third floor management room.” (lines 64-65)
(E) “…which is used by the management and directors and there I was beaten by the local goons.” (lines 66-67)
👍 Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
16 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR- RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
According to the explanation provided by the writer in
paragraph 7 (lines 68-83),
(A) factory inspections should detect abusive workplace practices.
(B) investigated factory managers comply with the Bangladesh labor law.
(C) abuses and violations are simply not noticed by monitors inspecting factories.
(D) frequent audits and inspections are effectively reviewed to protect union members.
(E) workers’ right to freedom of association is denied by audits and factory inspectors.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito A
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
17 – (PUC-RIO-2016-VESTIBULAR- RELAÇÕES INTERNACIONAIS)
Considering the reality of Bangladesh, paragraph 7 (lines
68-83) suggests that supplier factories should
(A) protect international garment brands’ codes of conduct and the country’s employment law.
(B) conform to international apparel companies’ codes of conduct and Bangladesh labor law.
(C) supply fashion stores with products that conform to Bangladesh work laws.
(D) comply with international codes of conduct offered by inspectors and audits.
(E) ensure that their codes of conduct are in accordance with Bangladesh work laws.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
According to the Human Rights Watch report,
the victims
of the two major catastrophes have received
(A) a significant amount to adequately help support them.
(B) little compensation to pay for the expenses with medical care.
(C) full compensation to meet their needs, paid into a trust fund.
(D) a donation from C&A to support them, soon after the disaster.
(E) US$30 million to cover for the loss of their relatives and dependents.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito B
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
In terms of numerical reference,
(A) “fewer than 10 percent” (line 43) refers to the percentage of new unions registered in the country.
(B) “almost 80 percent” (line 110) refers to an increment in Bangladesh’s import earnings.
(C) “more than 10 percent” (line 111) refers to the share of the garment industry in the GDP.
(D) “more than four million workers” (lines 112-113) refers to the majority of female workers.
(E) “more than 4,500” (line 114) refers to the exact number of factories in Bangladesh.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito C
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
“Continuing the economic success of the Bangladesh
garment sector offers benefits for everyone – the retail
companies and their consumers, factory owners, and the
government,” Phil Robertson said. “But those gains should
not come at the cost of lives and the suffering of garment
workers struggling for a better future.” (lines 117-123)
This excerpt can be said to
(A) disclose information on the Bangladesh garment
sector.
(B) express sorrow for the two major calamities to hit Bangladesh.
(C) support the views of Phil Robertson on the cost of retail companies.
(D) reinforce the report’s conclusion on profit and respect to the garment workers.
(E) contrast Phil Robertson’s version with the union leaders’ report.
(B) express sorrow for the two major calamities to hit Bangladesh.
(C) support the views of Phil Robertson on the cost of retail companies.
(D) reinforce the report’s conclusion on profit and respect to the garment workers.
(E) contrast Phil Robertson’s version with the union leaders’ report.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito D
TÓPICO - PROPOSTA PRINCIPAL DO TEXTO :
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