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❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
• IME-VESTIBULAR-2013-LÍNGUA INGLESA.
❑ TEXTO: Para as questões de 01 a 04, leia o texto seguinte e marque a opção correta.
The History of
the Maori
The arrival of the Maori people to New Zealand is deemed as somewhat of a
mystery. It is estimated that the first Polynesians arrived over
1000 years ago, possibly around 800 AD or even earlier. Linguistic
and cultural evidence suggests that the Maori travelled originally from
the Cook Islands - an enormous feat at that time considering the
prevailing winds make sailing in a southeast direction extremely
difficult. It is because of this that the first navigators probably came
here by design, looking for land whose presence may have been
indicated by migratory birds, still flying these paths today. It is unknown
if these first explorers actually settled here, or if in fact
they returned to the Rarotongan Islands to herald the migration.
By the end of the fourteenth century, settlement was established
throughout the country, most being in the warmer climes of the north,
being closer to that of their origins. Being Neolithic, devoid of hides
and textiles, they clothed themselves in cloaks constructed with woven flax and
adorned with dog fur or feathers provided by many native birds including
kiwi and moa. The northern conditions were favorable for many of the
subtropical food plants they brought with them, in particular the sweet
potato, or Kumara. The Maori people also lived off the abundant
produce provided by native birds and the sea. In the south the bird life
was hunted to extinction, the most famous of which being the Moa, the
spectacular flightless bird that could reach up to 3.7m in height.
Disponível em: <http://www.newzealandnz.co.nz/maori/>. Acesso em: 3 mai. 2012
❑ TRADUÇÃO-TEXTO:
The History of the Maori
A História dos Maori
The arrival of the Maori people to New Zealand is deemed as somewhat of a mystery. It is estimated that the first Polynesians arrived over 1000 years ago, possibly around 800 AD or even earlier. A chegada do povo Maori à Nova Zelândia é considerada um mistério. Estima-se que os primeiros polinésios chegaram há mais de 1000 anos, possivelmente por volta de 800 DC ou até antes.
Linguistic and cultural evidence suggests that the Maori travelled originally from the Cook Islands - an enormous feat at that time considering the prevailing winds make sailing in a southeast direction extremely difficult. Evidências linguísticas e culturais sugerem que os Maori viajaram originalmente das Ilhas Cook - um feito enorme naquela época, considerando que os ventos predominantes tornavam extremamente difícil navegar na direção sudeste.
It is because of this that the first navigators probably came here by design, looking for land whose presence may have been indicated by migratory birds, still flying these paths today. É por isso que os primeiros navegadores provavelmente vieram aqui intencionalmente, em busca de terras cuja presença pode ter sido indicada por aves migratórias, que ainda hoje voam por estes caminhos.
It is unknown if these first explorers actually settled here, or if in fact they returned to the Rarotongan Islands to herald the migration. Não se sabe se estes primeiros exploradores realmente se estabeleceram aqui, ou se de fato retornaram às Ilhas Rarotonganas para anunciar a migração.
By the end of the fourteenth century, settlement was established throughout the country, most being in the warmer climes of the north, being closer to that of their origins. No final do século XIV, o povoamento estava estabelecido em todo o país, sendo a maioria nos climas mais quentes do norte, mais próximos dos de origem.
Being Neolithic, devoid of hides and textiles, they clothed themselves in cloaks constructed with woven flax and adorned with dog fur or feathers provided by many native birds including kiwi and moa. Sendo neolíticos, desprovidos de peles e tecidos, eles se vestiam com mantos feitos de linho tecido e adornados com peles de cachorro ou penas fornecidas por muitos pássaros nativos, incluindo kiwi e moa.
The northern conditions were favorable for many of the subtropical food plants they brought with them, in particular the sweet potato, or Kumara. As condições do norte eram favoráveis para muitas das plantas alimentícias subtropicais que trouxeram consigo, em particular a batata-doce, ou Kumara.
The Maori people also lived off the abundant produce provided by native birds and the sea. O povo Maori também vivia da abundante produção fornecida pelas aves nativas e pelo mar.
In the south the bird life was hunted to extinction, the most famous of which being the Moa, the spectacular flightless bird that could reach up to 3.7m in height. No sul a avifauna foi caçada até à extinção, sendo a mais famosa a Moa, a espetacular ave que não voa e que pode atingir os 3,7 m de altura.
01 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
It is implied in the passage that:
(a) the arrival
of the Maori people in New Zealand is no longer a mystery.
(b) there are linguistic and cultural evidence proving that the Maori people
had never settled in the Cook Islands.
(c) the Maori had to stride all the way from the Cook Islands to New Zealand.
(d) traveling from the Cook Islands to New Zealand is considered an effortless
feat because of the harsh weather conditions.
(e) it is believed that the Maori people sailed from the Cook Islands to New
Zealand over 1000 years ago.
Está implícito na passagem que:
(a) the arrival of the Maori people in New Zealand is no longer a mystery. a chegada do povo Maori à Nova Zelândia não é mais um mistério.
(b) there are linguistic and cultural evidence proving that the Maori people had never settled in the Cook Islands. existem evidências linguísticas e culturais que provam que o povo Maori nunca se estabeleceu nas Ilhas Cook.
(c) the Maori had to stride all the way from the Cook Islands to New Zealand. os Maori tiveram que percorrer todo o caminho das Ilhas Cook até a Nova Zelândia.
(d) traveling from the Cook Islands to New Zealand is considered an effortless feat because of the harsh weather conditions. viajar das Ilhas Cook para a Nova Zelândia é considerado uma tarefa fácil devido às duras condições climáticas.
02 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
According to the text, it is correct to say about the first navigators:
(a) They
arrived in New Zealand following migratory birds that no longer fly in that
direction.
(b) Nobody is sure if the first navigators were born in New Zealand or settled in
the Rarotogan Islands.
(c) Chances are that the first navigators arrived in New Zealand while they
were looking for land.
(d) Studies prove that the first navigators migrated to the Rarotongan Islands
after arriving in New Zealand.
(e) The first navigators took native birds from New Zealand to Rarotongan
islands.
03 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
(a) The Maori
people found exactly the same weather as that of their origin all over New
Zealand.
(b) The Maori people used kiwi fruit to clothe themselves.
(c) The Maori people brought their clothes from their native islands, which
kept them warm during the settlement.
(d) The Maori wore a loose outer garment made of plants, fur and feathers.
(e) The Maori didn't really need clothes because of the tropical weather in New
Zealand.
Qual das seguintes afirmações pode ser inferida da passagem?
(a) The Maori people found exactly the same weather as that of their origin all over New Zealand. O povo Maori encontrou exatamente o mesmo clima de sua origem em toda a Nova Zelândia.
(b) The Maori people used kiwi fruit to clothe themselves. O povo Maori usava kiwi para se vestir.
(c) The Maori people brought their clothes from their native islands, which kept them warm during the settlement. O povo Maori trouxe suas roupas de suas ilhas nativas, o que os manteve aquecidos durante a colonização.
(d) The Maori wore a loose outer garment made of plants, fur and feathers. Os Maori usavam uma vestimenta externa solta feita de plantas, peles e penas.
04 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
The passage suggests that
(a) a lot of
native birds died out after being hunted by the settlers.
(b) the Moa, the spectacular flightless bird that could reach up to 3.7m in
height, is hunted by the Maori people nowadays.
(c) the settlers got acquainted with Kumara for the very first time when they
arrived in New Zealand.
(d) the settlers had a vegetarian diet.
(e) the settlers brought their own plants because they could not live off the
land.
A passagem sugere que
(a) a lot of native birds died out after being hunted by the settlers. muitas aves nativas morreram após serem caçadas pelos colonos.
(b) the Moa, the spectacular flightless bird that could reach up to 3.7m in height, is hunted by the Maori people nowadays. o Moa, a espetacular ave que não voa e pode atingir até 3,7m de altura, é hoje caçada pelo povo Maori.
(c) the settlers got acquainted with Kumara for the very first time when they arrived in New Zealand. os colonos conheceram Kumara pela primeira vez quando chegaram à Nova Zelândia.
(d) the settlers had a vegetarian diet. os colonos tinham uma dieta vegetariana.
(e) the settlers brought their own plants because they could not live off the land. os colonos trouxeram suas próprias plantas porque não podiam viver da terra.
The Bookstore's Last Stand
*Barnes & Noble is the largest book retailer in the United States.
(…)
No one expects Barnes & Noble* to disappear overnight. The worry is that it
might slowly wither as more readers embrace e-books. What if all those
store shelves vanished, and Barnes & Noble became little more
than a cafe and a digital connection point? Such fears came to the fore
in early January, when the company projected that it would lose even
more money this year than Wall Street had expected. Its share price
promptly tumbled 17 percent that day.
Lurking behind all of this is Amazon.com, the dominant force in books
online and the company that sets teeth on edge in publishing. From their
perches in Midtown Manhattan, many publishing executives, editors and
publicists view Amazon as the enemy — an adversary that, if unchecked, could
threaten their industry and their livelihoods.
Like many struggling businesses, book publishers are cutting costs and trimming
work forces. Yes, electronic books are booming, sometimes profitably,
but not many publishers want e-books to dominate print books. Amazon’s
chief executive, Jeffrey P. Bezos, wants to cut out the middleman — that
is, traditional publishers — by publishing e-books directly.
Which is why Barnes & Noble, once viewed as the brutal capitalist of the
book trade, now seems so crucial to that industry’s future. Sure, you can
buy bestsellers at Walmart and potboilers at the supermarket. But in many
locales, Barnes & Noble is the only retailer offering a wide selection
of books. If something were to happen to Barnes & Noble, if it were
merely to scale back its ambitions, Amazon could become even more powerful
and — well, the very thought makes publishers queasy.
(…)
Disponível em:
<http://www.nytimes.com/2012/01/29/business/barnes-noble-taking-on-amazon-inthe-fight-of-its-life.html?pagewanted=all>.
05 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
According to the passage, it is WRONG to say that:
(a) Barnes
& Noble will not disappear overnight.
(b) E-books represent a real menace to traditional bookstores.
(c) There is a chance Amazon will dominate the book market in the future.
(d) Book publishers are confident they will make more money by publishing
e-books directly through Amazon.
(e) Barnes & Noble projected that they will have a bad financial year.
According to the passage, it is WRONG to say that:
De acordo com a passagem, é ERRADO dizer que:
(a) Barnes & Noble will not disappear overnight.
(A empresa Barnes & Noble não desaparecerá da noite para o dia.)
- CORRETA porque NINGUÉM espera que a Barnes & Noble* desapareça da noite para o dia, conforme o trecho (início do 1º parágrafo):
- No one expects Barnes & Noble* to disappear overnight.
(Os livros eletrônicos representam uma ameaça real para as livrarias tradicionais.)
- CORRETA porque muitos executivos de publicações, editores e publicitários veem a Amazon como inimiga, um adversário que, se não for controlado, pode ameaçar sua indústria e seus meios de subsistência, conforme o trecho (2º parágrafo):
- From their perches in Midtown Manhattan, many publishing executives, editors and publicists view Amazon as the enemy — an adversary that, if unchecked, could threaten their industry and their livelihoods.
(c) There is a chance Amazon will dominate the book market in the future.
(Há uma chance da empresa Amazon dominar o mercado de livros no futuro.)
- CORRETA porque, por exemplo, a Barnes & Noble, antes era vista como o capitalista brutal do comércio de livros, agora parece muito crítica para o futuro dessa indústria, conforme o trecho (inícío do último parágrafo):
- Which is why Barnes & Noble, once viewed as the brutal capitalist of the book trade, now seems so crucial to that industry’s future..
(d) Book publishers are confident they will make more money by publishing e-books directly through Amazon.
(As editoras de livros estão confiantes de que ganharão mais dinheiro publicando livros eletrônicos diretamente através da empresa "Amazon".)
- INCORRETA porque as editoras de livros estão PREOCUPADAS tendo em vista que a venda de livros impressos (print books) podem diminuir lentamente à medida que mais leitores adotam os livros eletrônicos (e-books), conforme o trecho (1º parágrafo):
- No one expects Barnes & Noble* to disappear overnight. The worry is that it might slowly wither as more readers embrace e-books.
(e) Barnes & Noble projected that they will have a bad financial year.
(A Barnes & Noble projetou que terá um ano financeiro ruim.)
- CORRETA conforme o trecho (final do 1º parágrafo):
- Such fears came to the fore in early January, when the company projected that it would lose even more money this year than Wall Street had expected. Its share price promptly tumbled 17 percent that day.
06 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?
(a) Book
publishers do not need to struggle in the business world because traditional
bookstores are in jeopardy.
(b) It is likely Amazon will publish e-books directly, without the need of a
traditional publisher, in the future.
(c) Electronic books are scarce nowadays because people do not read enough.
(d) Publishers are struggling because e-books can be sold in bookstores.
(e) Publishers might disappear after the fusion of Barnes & Noble and
Amazon.
Qual das seguintes afirmações pode ser inferida da passagem?
(a) Book publishers do not need to struggle in the business world because traditional bookstores are in jeopardy. Os editores de livros não precisam de lutar no mundo dos negócios porque as livrarias tradicionais estão em perigo.
(b) It is likely Amazon will publish e-books directly, without the need of a traditional publisher, in the future. É provável que a Amazon publique e-books diretamente, sem a necessidade de uma editora tradicional, no futuro.
(c) Electronic books are scarce nowadays because people do not read enough. Os livros eletrônicos são escassos hoje em dia porque as pessoas não leem o suficiente.
(d) Publishers are struggling because e-books can be sold in bookstores. Os editores estão enfrentando dificuldades porque os e-books podem ser vendidos nas livrarias.
07 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
What word could replace "queasy" in "well, the very thought makes publishers queasy." (line 19), without changing the meaning of the sentence.
(A) sick
(B) fussy
(C) delighted
(D) obliging
(E) angry
➧ A depender da narrativa, QUEASY pode ser SICK ou WORRIED:
(1) QUEASY (= SICK, NAUSEATED, INDISPOSED) – NAUSEADO, ENJOADO, SENTINDO DOENTE, INDISPOSTO.
- Travelling by boat makes me queasy. – Viajar de barco me deixa enjoado. [Oxford Dictionary]
- I started to feel queasy as soon as the boat left the harbour. – Comecei a me sentir enjoado assim que o barco saiu do porto. [Cambridge Dictionary]
- The sea got rougher, and I began to feel queasy. – O mar ficou mais agitado e comecei a me sentir enjoado. [Longman Dictionary]
(2) QUEASY (= WORRIED) – PREOCUPADO, IRREQUIETO.
- Many Democrats felt queasy about the issue. – Muitos democratas se sentiram preocupados com o assunto. [Cambridge Dictionary]
- Her descriptions of extreme poverty and deprivation can give you a queasy feeling. – Suas descrições de extrema pobreza e privação podem causar uma sensação de preocupação. [Cambridge Dictionary]
- If something were to happen to Barnes & Noble, if it were merely to scale back its ambitions, Amazon could become even more powerful and — well, the very thought makes publishers queasy.
- Se algo acontecesse com a Barnes & Noble, se fosse apenas para reduzir suas ambições, a Amazon poderia se tornar ainda mais poderosa e, bem, o próprio pensamento deixa os editores ENJOADOS.
- IDEIA CONTEXTUAL: A possibilidade da Amazon se tornar ainda mais poderosa deixa OS EDITORES ENJOADOS, DOENTES.
➧ RESOLUÇÃO RÁPIDA:
What word could replace "queasy" in
"well, the very thought makes publishers queasy." (line 19),
without changing the meaning of the sentence.
(A) sick (ILL, INDISPOSED / DOENTE, INDISPOSTO)
(B) fussy (TOO CONCERNED / MUITO PREOCUPADO, IRREQUIETO)
(C) delighted (VERY PLEASED / MUITO SATISFEITO)
(D) obliging (HELPFUL / PRESTATIVO)
(E) angry (ANNOYED / ABORRECIDO, ZANGADO, IRRITADO, COM RAIVA)
08 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
According to the passage, it can be implied that:
(a) Barnes
& Noble has become a cafe with internet connection.
(b) Many publishing executives, editors and publicists view Amazon as an ally
that could threat their industry and their livelihoods.
(c) If Barnes & Noble becomes a member of the Amazon group, it will be even
more powerful.
(d) Books of poor quality that have been created in order to make money quickly
can be bought at supermarkets.
(e) Traditional publishers are cutting out the middleman and publishing books
directly at Amazon.
De acordo com a passagem, pode-se implicar que:
(a) Barnes & Noble has become a cafe with internet connection. A Barnes & Noble tornou-se um café com conexão à Internet.
(b) Many publishing executives, editors and publicists view Amazon as an ally that could threat their industry and their livelihoods. Muitos executivos editoriais, editores e publicitários veem a Amazon como uma aliada que pode ameaçar a sua indústria e os seus meios de subsistência.
(c) If Barnes & Noble becomes a member of the Amazon group, it will be even more powerful. Se a Barnes & Noble se tornar membro do grupo Amazon, será ainda mais poderosa.
d) Books of poor quality that have been created in order to make money quickly can be bought at supermarkets. Livros de má qualidade criados para ganhar dinheiro rapidamente podem ser comprados nos supermercados.
(e) Traditional publishers are cutting out the middleman and publishing books directly at Amazon. As editoras tradicionais estão eliminando os intermediários e publicando livros diretamente na Amazon.
09 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
A Thousand
Splendid Suns counts the experiences and emotions of
two Afghani women, Mariam and Laila, whose lives
become entangled with the history of recent wars
in their country.
(a) counts
(b) Afghani
(c) whose
(d) entangled
(e) recent
10 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
Mostly bleak and heartrending,
their story does offer the promise of hope and happiness in a land ravaging by warfare,
gender conflicts, and poverty.
(a) Mostly
(b) bleak
(c) heartrending
(d) ravaging
(e) warfare
11 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
The United
States Military Academy, founded on March 16, 1802, is
a college that educates, trains and inspires the Corps of Cadets so that
each graduate is a commissioned leader
of character committed to the values of Duty, Honor, Country. Each
graduate has the essential attributes for professional
growth throughout a career as a U.S. Army officer. West
Point graduates earn Bachelor of Science degrees and are graduate as
second lieutenants in the United States Army.
(a) on
(b) commissioned
(c) attributes
(d) throughout
(e) graduate
12 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
You must serve
at least five years of active duty and three years in a
Reserve Component, a total of eight years, after your graduate.
The active duty obligation is the nation's return on a West Point
graduate's fully funded, four-year college education that
is valued in excess of $225,000.
(a) duty
(b) Component
(c) your
(d) funded
(e) valued
❑ INSTRUÇÃO: Para as questões 13 a 25, escolha a alternativa que complete a sentença corretamente.
13 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
After his
business failed he was declared__________.
(a)
uneconomical
(b) profitless
(c) insignificant
(d) priceless
(e) bankrupt
14 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
No sooner had
we arrived at the beach, _______it began pouring down.
(a) than
(b) when
(c) so
(d) that
(e) and
15 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
At the end of
the test, the students were ___________ exhausted.
(a) utterly
(b) total
(c) few
(d) so much
(e) how
16 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
________ was a
brilliant career.
(a) My
(b) I
(c) Mine
(d) Me
(e) Not
17 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
Not alone
______ the race, but she also beat the record.
(a) she wins
(b) she will win
(c) she would win
(d) did she win
(e) she won
18 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
She cannot get
used _________ abroad.
(a) to live
(b) to living
(c) lives
(d) lived
(e) living
19 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
Internships have value, ________ or not students are paid.
(a) if
(b) as long
(c) whether
(d) because
(e) as
20 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
They plan to
_______ more British soldiers to the war zone over the next year.
(a) join
(b) enlist
(c) deploy
(d) fight
(e) shoot
21 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
As a
politician, Churchill was a ___________ orator.
(a)
persuasively
(b) persuasive
(c) persuasiveness
(d) convincingly
(e) convince
22 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
He was ____
charge of a convoy transporting supplies from the port to a distribution point.
(a) on
(b) about
(c) at
(d) in
(e) into
23 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
All teachers
are ______ to 30 vacation days a year.
(a) allowed
(b) entitled
(c) permitted
(d) forbidden
(e) required
24 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
Tomorrow I'm
going to _______ at the hairdresser's.
(a) have cut my
hair
(b) have cutting my hair
(c) cutting my hair
(d) have my hair cut
(e) my haircut
25 – (IME-VESTIBULAR-2013)
The kids were
sitting _____ the grass at the park.
(a) on
(b) under
(c) in
(d) at
(e) inside
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