UFSC – 2019/2020 – VESTIBULAR – LÍNGUA INGLESA – UNIVERSIDADE FEDERAL DE SANTA CATARINA – PROVA COM GABARITO.

❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA: UFSC-2020-VESTIBULAR.

https://coperve.ufsc.br/

❑ ESTRUTURA-PROVA:

➧ 08 Questions.

➧ Text (1) – Copenhagen has taken bicycle commuting to a whole new level | www.latimes.com |

➧ Text (2) – Future skills: understanding fake news | /www.britishcouncil.org |

➧ Text (3) – On social media 

❑ GABARITO:

01-03,  02-37,  03-66,  04-11

05-21,  06-40,  07-36,  08-41

❑ PROVA:

❑ TEXT 1:

Copenhagen has taken bicycle commuting to a whole new level

by Erik Kirschbaum

August 8, 2019

Copenhagen

Soren Jensen sold his car six years ago and joined the rivers of rolling humanity who bicycle through Copenhagen every day. He quickly lost about 20 kilos on his hour-a-day bike commutes, while saving time and a small fortune. “I had a Mercedes but it sat in the garage all the time because it was so much easier to get everywhere by bike,” said Jensen, a 51- year-old who works in a downtown investment bank.

Cycling has been a part of life in Copenhagen for decades despite windy and rainy conditions for much of the year. In recent years, cycling has enjoyed yet another surge in popularity – the result of constantly improving bike lanes coupled with fears of climate change.

Copenhagen’s City Council reported in early July that 62% of its residents are now commuting to work or school by bike. According to local reports, there are more bikes than people in Copenhagen, and five times as many bicycles as cars.

To make commuting by bike even easier, faster and more comfortable, there has been a spate of activity in recent years to improve the already impressive biking infrastructure. Copenhagen has built 17 new bridges over the city’s canals for bicycles. Also, more than a dozen cycle superhighways have been set up to create higher-speed, traffic-light-free bike paths.

Klaus Mygind, a member of Copenhagen’s City Council, believes that many more Danes are switching to cycling because they feel a responsibility to future generations. “I do think the climate change problem is what has been motivating even more people to take the bike,” he said.

All walks of life can be seen pedaling against the wind during the morning and evening rush hours. It’s not unusual to see lawyers and business professionals in suits or dresses standing on their bikes at red lights next to butchers, bakers and clerks.

Taken together, the efforts to bolster the cycling infrastructure while making driving and parking into the city prohibitively expensive and difficult send strong signals to commuters about where the priorities lie in the city that has pledged to become the world’s first carbonneutral capital by 2025.

Source: https://www.latimes.com/world-nation/story/2019-08-07/copenhagen-has-taken-bicycle-commuting-to-a-new-level. [Adapted].

Accessed on: August 16th, 2019.

👉 Questão  01 :

Select the correct proposition(s) according to Text 1.

01. In Copenhagen, all social classes can be seen on a bike.

02. Cycling is the most popular means of commuting in Copenhagen.

04. Cycling is so popular in Copenhagen because the weather conditions are optimal year around.

08. Residents of Copenhagen are not worried about the environment.

16. Riding bikes was introduced to Copenhagen in the last decade.

32. The city’s cycling structure was designed so well that it hasn’t been altered recently.

64. Soren Jensen obtained only health benefits when he switched his car to a bike.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  01+02 = (03) 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

Select the correct proposition(s) according to Text 1.

*Item 01: In Copenhagen, all social classes can be seen on a bike.

(Em Copenhague, todas as classes sociais podem ser vistas de bicicleta.)

➧Item 01 em conformidade com o 6º parágrafo:

"All walks of life can be seen pedaling against the wind during the morning and evening rush hours. It’s not unusual to see lawyers and business professionals in suits or dresses standing on their bikes at red lights next to butchers, bakers and clerks."

(Todas as esferas da vida podem ser vistas pedalando contra o vento durante as horas de ponta da manhã e da noite. Não é incomum ver advogados e profissionais de negócios em ternos ou vestidos de pé em suas bicicletas no sinal vermelho ao lado de açougueiros, padeiros e balconistas.)

*Item 02: Cycling is the most popular means of commuting in Copenhagen.

(O ciclismo é o meio de transporte mais popular em Copenhague.)

➧Item 02 em conformidade com o 2º parágrafo:

"[...] In recent years, cycling has enjoyed yet another surge in popularity – the result of constantly improving bike lanes coupled with fears of climate change."

(Nos últimos anos, o ciclismo teve mais uma onda de popularidade - o resultado da melhoria constante das ciclovias juntamente com o medo das mudanças climáticas.)

*Item 04: Cycling is so popular in Copenhagen because the weather conditions are optimal year around.

(O ciclismo é muito popular em Copenhague porque as condições climáticas são ótimas o ano todo.)

➧Item 04 não alinhado com o 2º parágrafo:

"[...] Cycling has been a part of life in Copenhagen for decades despite windy and rainy conditions for much of the year."

(O ciclismo faz parte da vida em Copenhague há décadas, apesar das condições de vento e chuva na maior parte do ano.)

*Item 08: Residents of Copenhagen are not worried about the environment.

(Os residentes de Copenhague não estão preocupados com o meio ambiente.)

*Item 16: Riding bikes was introduced to Copenhagen in the last decade.

(As bicicletas de equitação foram introduzidas em Copenhague na última década.)

➧Item 16 não alinhado com o 2º parágrafo:

"[...] Cycling has been a part of life in Copenhagen for decades despite windy and rainy conditions for much of the year."

(O ciclismo faz parte da vida em Copenhague há décadas, apesar das condições de vento e chuva na maior parte do ano.)

*Item 32: The city’s cycling structure was designed so well that it hasn’t been altered recently.

(A estrutura de ciclismo da cidade foi projetada tão bem que não foi alterada recentemente.)

➧Item 32 não alinhado com o 4º parágrafo:

"[...] To make commuting by bike even easier, faster and more comfortable, there has been a spate of activity in recent years to improve the already impressive biking infrastructure. Copenhagen has built 17 new bridges over the city’s canals for bicycles. Also, more than a dozen cycle superhighways have been set up to create higher-speed, traffic-light-free bike paths.

(Para tornar o deslocamento de bicicleta ainda mais fácil, rápido e confortável, tem havido uma enxurrada de atividades nos últimos anos para melhorar a já impressionante infraestrutura para bicicletas. Copenhagen construiu 17 novas pontes para bicicletas sobre os canais da cidade. Além disso, mais de uma dezena de autoestradas para bicicletas foram configuradas para criar ciclovias de alta velocidade e sem semáforos.)

*Item 64: Soren Jensen obtained only health benefits when he switched his car to a bike.

(Soren Jensen obteve apenas benefícios para a saúde quando trocou seu carro por uma bicicleta.)

➧Item 64 não alinhado com o 1º parágrafo:

"[...] He quickly lost about 20 kilos on his hour-a-day bike commutes, while saving time and a small fortune."

(Ele rapidamente perdeu cerca de 20 quilos em suas viagens diárias de bicicleta, enquanto economizava tempo e uma pequena fortuna.)

👉 Questão  02 :

Select the proposition(s) which contains (contain) correct definitions or synonyms for the words in bold as they are used in Text 1.

01. commutes: regular trips to school or work

02. despite: as a consequence of

04. surge: a sudden increase

08. spate: decrease

16. fears: scary

32. pledged: promised

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  01+04+32 = (37) 
TÓPICO - SINÔNIMO CONTEXTUAL:

Select the proposition(s) which contains (contain) correct definitions or synonyms for the words in bold as they are used in Text 1.

*Item 01: commutes: regular trips to school or work( viagens regulares para a escola ou trabalho)

➧ O substantivo COMMUTE significa = viagem diária:

"[...] He quickly lost about 20 kilos on his hour-a-day bike commutes, while saving time and a small fortune."

(Ele rapidamente perdeu cerca de 20 quilos em suas viagens diárias de bicicleta, enquanto economizava tempo e uma pequena fortuna.)

*Item 02: despite: as a consequence of (como consequencia de)

➭ DESPITE (apesar de, não obstante) transmite ideia de CONTRASTE:

• "[...] Cycling has been a part of life in Copenhagen for decades despite windy and rainy conditions for much of the year."
• O ciclismo faz parte da vida em Copenhague há décadas, apesar das condições de vento e chuva na maior parte do ano.

➭ DESPITE (preposition) – APESAR DE. [www.linguee.com.br]

➭ DESPITE (preposition) – Sinônimo de NOTWITHSTANDING. [https://dictionary.cambridge.org]

From: www.ldoceonline.com

From: https://dictionary.cambridge.org

*Item 04: surge: a sudden increase(um aumento repentino)

➧ O substantivo SURGE significa ONDA ou AUMENTO REPENTINO:

"[...] In recent years, cycling has enjoyed yet another surge in popularity"

Nos últimos anos, o ciclismo teve mais uma onda de popularidade"

*Item 08: spate: decrease(diminuição, baixa)

➧ O substantivo SPATE(enxurrada, enchente) contextualmente significa "um grande número", "aumento":

"[...] To make commuting by bike even easier, faster and more comfortable, there has been a spate of activity in recent years to improve the already impressive biking infrastructure."

(Para tornar o deslocamento de bicicleta ainda mais fácil, rápido e confortável, tem havido uma enxurrada de atividades nos últimos anos para melhorar a já impressionante infraestrutura para bicicletas.)

*Item 16: fears: scary

➧ FEAR(medo, temor) é substantivo e contextualmente significa "receio":

"[...] the result of constantly improving bike lanes coupled with fears of climate change."

(o resultado da melhoria constante das ciclovias juntamente com o receio das mudanças climáticas.)

➧ SCARY(assustador) é adjetivo.

*Item 32: pledged: promised

👉 Questão  03 :

Select the proposition(s) which contains (contain) the correct translation for the underlined words as they are used in Text 1.

01. bicycle: bicicleta

02. climate change: mudança climática

04. walks of life: pedestres

08. coupled with: comparado com

16. butchers: contadores

32. Danes: burgueses

64. rush hours: horários de pico

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  02+64 = (66) 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

Select the proposition(s) which contains (contain) the correct translation for the underlined words as they are used in Text 1. *Item 01: bicycle: bicicleta

➧No contexto, BICLYCLE morfologicamente é verbo e sinônimo de "ride a bicycle" ou "ride on a bicycle".

"[...] Soren Jensen sold his car six years ago and joined the rivers of rolling humanity who bicycle through Copenhagen every day."

(Soren Jensen vendeu seu carro há seis anos e juntou-se aos rios da humanidade que anda de bicicleta por Copenhague todos os dias.)

*Item 02: climate change: mudança climática

*Item 04: walks of life: pedestres

➧ "[...] All walks of life can be seen pedaling against the wind during the morning and evening rush hours." – Todas as camadas sociais podem ser vistas pedalando contra o vento durante os horários de pico da manhã e da noite.

➧ "ALL WALKS OF LIFE" (idiom) /ól-uókzó-Láif/ – TODOS AS CAMADAS SOCIAIS - TODOS OS TIPOS DE PESSOAS - TODAS AS CLASSES SOCIO-ECONÔMICAS.– I interact with all walks of life every day. – Eu interajo com todos os tipos de pessoas todos os dias.

https://idioms.thefreedictionary.com

/All+Walks+of+Life

*Item 08: coupled with: comparado com

*Item 16: butchers: contadores

*Item 32: Danes: burgueses

*Item 64: rush hours: horários de pico

👉 Questão  04 :

Select the proposition(s) which correctly indicates (indicate) the grammatical meaning of the suffixes as they are used in Text 1.

01. Line 06: -y in “windy” – adjective

02. Line 07: -ity in “popularity” – noun

04. Line 08: -ly in “constantly” – adjective

08. Line 12: -er in “faster” – comparative

16. Line 22: -es in “dresses” – verb

32. Line 23: -er in “bakers” – superlative

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  01+02+08 = (11) 
TÓPICO - SUFIXOS:

*Item 01: Line 06: -y in “windy” – adjective

*Item 02: Line 07: -ity in “popularity” – noun

*Item 04: Line 08: -ly in “constantly” – adjective

*Item 08: Line 12: -er in “faster” – comparative

*Item 16: Line 22: -es in “dresses” – verb

*Item 32: Line 23: -er in “bakers” – superlative

❑ TEXT 2:

(...)

Future skills: understanding fake news

Imagine this: two news articles are shared simultaneously online. The first is a deeply reported and thoroughly fact-checked story from a credible news-gathering organisation – perhaps Le Monde or The Wall Street Journal. The second is a false or misleading story. But the article is designed to mimic content from a credible newsroom, from its headline to the way in which it has been shared.

The first article – designed to inform – receives limited attention. The second article – designed for virality – accumulates shares. It exploits the way your brain processes new information, and the way social media decides what to show you.

Most people are getting at least some of their news from social media now. In order to maximise profits from displaying ads, news feeds and timelines show the content that attracts the most attention. This ends up favouring headlines that scream for reactions (expressed as shares, “likes” and comments). Add to this the ability to boost the visibility of any message by buying an ad and targeting the people most likely to react to it (based on interests, behaviours and relationships), and people can produce disinformation at unbelievable rates and then track their success.

Source: https://www.britishcouncil.org/anyone-anywhere/explore/dark-side-web/fake-news.

[Adapted] Accessed on: August 1st, 2019.

👉 Questão  05 :

Select the correct proposition(s) according to Text 2.

01. Fake news articles can go viral if they are designed to look like an article from a respected newspaper.

02. An article must be published in respected newspapers and magazines to receive a lot of attention on social media.

04. Fake news articles rely on how the brain processes information to catch the readers’ attention.

08. Advertising fake news is a crime in some countries.

16. Advertising has contributed to the growth of fake news.

32. To call people’s attention, news reports have to present real facts.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  01+04+16 = (21) 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO :

Select the correct proposition(s) according to Text 2.

*Item 01: Fake news articles can go viral if they are designed to look like an article from a respected newspaper.

(Artigos de notícias falsas podem se tornar virais se forem elaborados para se parecer com um artigo de um jornal respeitado.)

*Item 02: An article must be published in respected newspapers and magazines to receive a lot of attention on social media.

*Item 04: Fake news articles rely on how the brain processes information to catch the readers’ attention.

(Artigos de notícias falsas dependem de como o cérebro processa as informações para chamar a atenção dos leitores.)

*Item 08: Advertising fake news is a crime in some countries.

*Item 16: Advertising has contributed to the growth of fake news.

(A publicidade contribuiu para o crescimento de notícias falsas.)

*Item 32: To call people’s attention, news reports have to present real facts.

👉 Questão  06 :

Select the proposition(s) that contains (contain) the right reference for the boldface pronouns, as they are used in Text 2.

01. Line 07: “your” (your brain) – the author of the text

02. Line 04: “its” (from its headline) – “content”

04. Line 15: “their” (their success…) – “success”

08. Line 09: “their” (their news…) – “most people”

16. Line 13: “it” (react to it…) – “ability”

32. Line 10: “that” (content that attracts…) – “content”

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  08+32 = (40) 
TÓPICO - PRONOMES :

*Item 01: Line 07: “your” (your brain) – the author of the text

*Item 02: Line 04: “its” (from its headline) – “content”

*Item 04: Line 15: “their” (their success…) – “success”

*Item 08: Line 09: “their” (their news…) – “most people”

*Item 16: Line 13: “it” (react to it…) – “ability”

*Item 32: Line 10: “that” (content that attracts…) – “content”

❑ TEXT 3:

(...)

On social media

[Pet Shop Boys]

1

When you care about the issues of the day

And check your facts on Wikipedia

You can and get into an argument right away

If you’re on social media

2

The world is changing everywhere

With a speed that couldn’t be speedier

But you feel so ahead of the curve

When you’re on social media

3

When you’re on social media (4x)

4

You’re part of the conversation

You’re there in every debate

From football to religion to contemporary art

You’re ready to pontificate

5

While democracy is losing its way

And greed is getting greedier

Console yourself with a selfie or two

And post them on social media

6

When you’re on social media (4x)

7

My likes are in the thousands

My tweets are being retweeted

My family pics or holiday snaps

With total love are greeted

8

It’s so nice when people like you

You’re feeling hashtag blessed

You’re part of the conversation

It’s like you passed the test

9

When you’re on social media (4x)

10

And sometimes you can fuel the debate

By biting the hand that feeds you

Expressing pure anonymous hate

When you’re on social media

11

When you’re on social media (4x)

12

I feel so empowered

👉 Questão  07 :

Select the proposition(s) that contains (contain) a possible translation for the underlined expressions as they are used in Text 3.

01. care about: ignorar

02. get into an argument: construir um argumento

04. right away: imediatamente

08. console yourself: aconselhar-se

16. fuel the debate: evitar o debate

32. biting the hand that feeds you: sendo ingrato

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  04+32 = (36) 
TÓPICO - EXPRESSÕES :

Select the proposition(s) that contains (contain) a possible translation for the underlined expressions as they are used in Text 3.

*Item 01: care about: ignorar

*Item 02: get into an argument: construir um argumento

*Item 04: right away: imediatamente

*Item 08: console yourself: aconselhar-se

*Item 16: fuel the debate: evitar o debate

*Item 32: biting the hand that feeds you: sendo ingrato

👉 Questão  08 :

According to Text 3, it is correct to affirm that:

01. Wikipedia is used as a source of information.

02. sharing family information on social media is inappropriate.

04. democracy has become stronger with the help of social media.

08. people may use social media to express their hate.

16. posting selfies is the best way to make new friends on social media.

32. social media make people feel they have power.

👍 Comentários e Gabarito  01+08+32 = (41) 

TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

According to Text 3, it is correct to affirm that:

*Item 01: Wikipedia is used as a source of information.

*Item 02: sharing family information on social media is inappropriate.

*Item 04: democracy has become stronger with the help of social media.

*Item 08: people may use social media to express their hate.

*Item 16: posting selfies is the best way to make new friends on social media.

*Item 32: social media make people feel they have power.