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➭ 10 Multiple Choice Questions / 5 Options Each Question.

➭ Text – | Tsunami science: advances since the 2004 indian ocean tragedy | www. livescience.com |

❑ TEXT:

Tsunami science: advances since the 2004 indian ocean tragedy

1

The Indian Ocean tsunami was one of the worst natural disasters in history. Enormous waves struck countries in South Asia and East Africa with little to no warning, killing 243,000 people. The destruction played out on television screens around the world, fed by shaky home videos. The outpouring of aid in response to the devastation in Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Thailand and elsewhere was unprecedented.
2
The disaster raised awareness of tsunamis and prompted nations to pump money into research and warning systems. Today (Dec. 26), on the 10th anniversary of the deadly tsunami, greatly expanded networks of seismic monitors and ocean buoys are on alert for the next killer wave in the Indian Ocean, the Pacific and the Caribbean. In fact, tsunami experts can now forecast how tsunamis will flood distant coastlines hours before the waves arrive. But hurdles remain in saving lives for everyone under the threat of tsunamis. No amount of warning will help those who need to seek immediate shelter away from beaches, disaster experts said.
3
Since 2004, geologists have uncovered evidence of several massive tsunamis in buried sand layers preserved in Sumatran caves. It turns out that the deadly waves aren’t as rare in the Indian Ocean as once thought. “We had five fatal tsunamis off the coast of Sumatra prior to 2004,” said Paula Dunbar, a scientist at NOAA’s National Geophysical Data Center. Over the past 300 years, 69 tsunamis were seen in the Indian Ocean, she said. Despite the risk, there was no oceanwide tsunami warning system in the region. Now, a $450 million early-alert network is fully operational, though it is plagued with equipment problems. Essentially built from scratch, the $450 million Indian Ocean Tsunami Warning System includes more than 140 seismometers, about 100 sea-level gauges and several buoys that detect tsunamis. More buoys were installed, but they have been vandalized or accidentally destroyed. The buoys and gauges help detect whether an earthquake triggered a tsunami.
4
Getting the warnings down to people living in remote coastal areas is one of the biggest hurdles for the new system. Not all warnings reach the local level. And not every tsunami earthquake is strong enough to scare people away from shorelines. In Sumatra’s Mentawai Islands, a 2010 tsunami killed more than 400 people because residents failed to evacuate in the short time between the earthquake and the tsunami’s arrival. The shaking was simply not strong enough to trigger people’s fear of tsunamis, even though islanders had self-evacuated after a 2007 earthquake, according to an investigation by the University of Southern California’s Tsunami Research Center. There was also no clear-cut warning from the regional tsunami alert system.
5
Another hurdle is learning how to accurately forecast reflected tsunami waves. The 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami ricocheted off island chains, and some of the worst flooding arrived unexpectedly late in places like Sri Lanka and Western Australia. “I found a boat on the middle of the road, and at that point knew it was a tsunami,” recalls Charitha Pattiaratchi, a University of Western Australia tsunami expert who was driving on a coastal Sri Lankan road on Dec. 26, 2004. “I came to the conclusion that I was safe. Well, I was wrong. Twenty minutes later there was seven meters of water where I had been standing, and two hours later there were still more waves coming.”
6
A tsunami warning can go out just five minutes after a submarine earthquake raises or lowers the seafloor, thus launching a tsunami. For more detailed predictions of the wave’s impact, such as the extent of flooding, scientists rely on data collected by seismometers, GPS stations, tide gauges and buoy systems, which is relayed by satellite to warning centers. Computer models then convert the data into detailed tsunami simulations, which are based on more than 2,000 real-life examples.
7
After an earthquake, scientists with NOAA’s tsunami warning centers now spend about an hour working out the details of a tsunami forecast, said Vasily Titov, director of NOAA’s Center for Tsunami Research. The results project when the wave will arrive at shorelines and harbors, estimate tsunamiinduced currents and gauge the height of the waves. The agency’s goal is to dramatically reduce that hourlong delay. “We’re now at the point where we want to do it in five minutes,” Titov said. That means building out the seismic network, getting a faster response from the sea-level sensors and speeding up the computer forecasts. “When these three components come together, then we can save everybody,” Titov said.

By Becky Oskin, Senior Writer.

Adapted from http://www. livescience.com/49262-indian-ocean-tsunami-anniversary. html. December 26, 2014.

11. The aim of the text is to
(A) warn the reader about the risks of travelling to coastal towns in the Indian Ocean.
(B) inform the reader about the scientific developments on tsunami warning systems.
(C) make people aware of the importance of immediate evacuation as soon as they hear a tsunami alert.
(D) inspire people to subscribe to charities providing relief to the victims in the tragedy.
(E) condemn nations who have done little to invest in tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• O objetivo do texto é

(A) warn the reader about the risks of travelling to coastal towns in the Indian Ocean.

• alertar o leitor sobre os riscos de viajar para cidades costeiras do Oceano Índico.
(B) inform the reader about the scientific developments on tsunami warning systems.

• informar o leitor sobre os desenvolvimentos científicos em sistemas de alerta de tsunami.
(C) make people aware of the importance of immediate evacuation as soon as they hear a tsunami alert.

• conscientizar as pessoas sobre a importância da evacuação imediata assim que ouvirem um alerta de tsunami.
(D) inspire people to subscribe to charities providing relief to the victims in the tragedy.

• inspirar as pessoas a se inscreverem em instituições de caridade que prestam socorro às vítimas da tragédia.
(E) condemn nations who have done little to invest in tsunami warning systems in the Indian Ocean.

• condenar as nações que pouco fizeram para investir em sistemas de alerta de tsunami no Oceano Índico.
12. In the sentence “The disaster raised awareness of tsunamis and prompted nations to pump money into research and warning systems.” (lines 9-11) , the word prompted means

(A) motivated.
(B) persuaded.
(C) suggested.
(D) restricted.
(E) impeded.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• Na frase  “The disaster raised awareness of tsunamis and prompted nations to pump money into research and warning systems.”(O desastre aumentou a conscientização sobre os tsunamis e levou as nações a investir dinheiro em sistemas de pesquisa e alerta), a palavra prompted significa

(A) motivated.

• motivou
(B) persuaded.

• persuadiu, convenceu.
(C) suggested.

• sugeriu.
(D) restricted.

• restringiu.
(E) impeded.

• impediu.

13. According to the second paragraph of the text (lines 9-21), one can arrive at the conclusion that

(A) Tsunami experts can’t still predict if a disaster will occur.
(B) The 2004 disaster didn’t promote drastic changes in tsunami warning systems.
(C) There are still obstacles to be overcome in saving lives in the case of a tsunami threat.
(D) Those who live on coastlines are the ones to find shelter most easily.
(E) Nowadays networks of monitors and ocean buoys are on alert for the next killer wave all over the world.

R E S P O S T A :   C

• De acordo com o segundo parágrafo do texto, pode-se chegar à conclusão de que...

(A) Os especialistas em tsunami ainda não conseguem prever se um desastre ocorrerá.
(B) O desastre de 2004 não promoveu mudanças drásticas nos sistemas de alerta de tsunami.
(C) Ainda existem obstáculos a serem superados para salvar vidas no caso de uma ameaça de tsunami.
(D) Quem mora na costa é quem encontra abrigo mais facilmente.
(E) Atualmente, redes de monitores e bóias oceânicas estão em alerta para a próxima onda assassina em todo o mundo.
14. Choose the item in which the idea introduced by the underlined expression is correctly described.
(A) “In fact, tsunami experts can now forecast…” (lines 15-16) Addition
(B) “Since 2004, geologists have uncovered evidence ….” (line 22) Cause
(C) “….even though islanders had self-evacuated ….” (line 52) Contrast
(D) “There was also no clear-cut warning….” (line 55) Sequence
(E) “… then we can save everybody” (line 93) Emphasis

R E S P O S T A :   C

• Escolha o item no qual a ideia introduzida pela expressão sublinhada é descrita corretamente.

(A) “De fato, os especialistas em tsunami agora podem prever…” (linhas 15-16)
(B) “Desde 2004, os geólogos descobriram evidências….” (Linha 22) Causa
(C) "... embora os ilhéus tenham se evacuado ..." (linha 52)
(D) "Também não houve aviso claro ..." (linha 55) Sequência
(E) "... então podemos salvar a todos" (linha 93) Ênfase
15. Given the information in paragraph 4 (lines 42-56), where the author sheds light on how islanders have reacted to tsunami earthquakes along the years, which of the following statements is TRUE?
(A) In 2010, the interval between the earthquake and the tsunami was not long enough for people to leave the area.
(B) All alert systems reach the islands.
(C) People living in coastal areas are bound to die from the impact of a tsunami wave.
(D) Every earthquake in the ocean will trigger people’s fear of tsunamis.
(E) The regional tsunami alert system sent precise directions to the islanders.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• Dadas as informações do parágrafo 4 (linhas 42-56), onde o autor lança luz sobre como os ilhéus reagiram aos terremotos de tsunami ao longo dos anos, qual das seguintes afirmações é VERDADEIRA?

(A) Em 2010, o intervalo entre o terremoto e o tsunami não foi longo o suficiente para as pessoas deixarem a área.
(B) Todos os sistemas de alerta chegam às ilhas.
(C) As pessoas que vivem em áreas costeiras são obrigadas a morrer pelo impacto de uma onda de tsunami.
(D) Todo terremoto no oceano desencadeia o medo das pessoas de tsunamis.
(E) O sistema regional de alerta de tsunami enviou instruções precisas aos ilhéus.
16. In paragraph 5 (lines 57-69) tsunami expert, Charitha Pattiaratchi, recalls the critical moments she faced in a Sri Lankan road on Dec.26, 2004. Which of the following proverbs best applies to the statements “I came to the conclusion that I was safe. Well, I was wrong.” (lines 66-67):
(A) Practice makes perfect.
(B) You can’t judge a book by its cover.
(C) Actions speak louder than words.
(D) Good things come to those who wait.
(E) It is no use crying over spilled milk.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• In paragraph 5 (lines 57-69) tsunami expert, Charitha Pattiaratchi, recalls the critical moments she faced in a Sri Lankan road on Dec.26, 2004. Which of the following proverbs best applies to the statements “I came to the conclusion that I was safe. Well, I was wrong.” (lines 66-67):

(A) Practice makes perfect.

(B) You can’t judge a book by its cover.
(C) Actions speak louder than words.
(D) Good things come to those who wait.
(E) It is no use crying over spilled milk.

17. The relative pronoun which (line 76), in the fragment “which is relayed by satellite to warning centers”, makes reference to
(A) detailed predictions.
(B) the wave’s impact.
(C) the extent of flooding.
(D) data.
(E) buoy systems.

R E S P O S T A :   D

• O pronome relativo which, no fragmento “which is relayed by satellite to warning centers”, faz referência a...

(A) detailed predictions.

• previsões detalhadas.

(B) the wave’s impact.

• o impacto da onda.
(C) the extent of flooding.
• a extensão das inundações.

(D) data.

• dados.
(E) buoy systems.

• sistemas de bóia.

• O pronome relativo which faz referência a data(dados).

• "[...] For more detailed predictions of the wave’s impact, such as the extent of flooding, scientists rely on data collected by seismometers, GPS stations, tide gauges and buoy systems, which is relayed by satellite to warning centers."

• Para previsões mais detalhadas do impacto da onda, como a extensão da inundação, os cientistas contam com DADOS coletados por sismômetros, estações GPS, marégrafos e sistemas de bóia, QUE são retransmitidos por satélite para centros de alerta.

18. The word dramatically in “The agency’s goal is to dramatically reduce that hour-long delay.” (lines 87-88), most nearly means
(A) desperately.
(B) easily.
(C) ordinarily.
(D) effectively.
(E) awkwardly.

R E S P O S T A :   D

• A palavra dramatically em “The agency’s goal is to dramatically reduce that hour-long delay.”(O objetivo da agência é reduzir drasticamente o atraso de uma hora.), quase significa...

(A) desperately.

• desesperadamente.
(B) easily.

• facilmente.
(C) ordinarily.

• normalmente.
(D) effectively.

• efetivamente.
(E) awkwardly

• estranhamente.

• A questão 18  é sobre o uso metafórico do advérbio “dramatically”(dramaticamente).

• Contextualmente "dramatically" transmite a mesma ideia de "completely"(completamente), "effectively"(efetivamente). 

19. In the sentence “That means building out the seismic network,” (lines 89-90), building out means to
(A) glorify.
(B) compress.
(C) simplify.
(D) incorporate.
(E) expand.

R E S P O S T A :   E

• In the sentence “That means building out the seismic network,” (lines 89-90), building out means to

(A) glorify.
(B) compress.
(C) simplify.
(D) incorporate.
(E) expand.

20. According to Vasily Titov, the greatest challenge NOAA’s Center for Tsunami Research has to face today is to
(A) estimate tsunami-induced currents.
(B) determine the height of the waves.
(C) project when the wave will arrive at shorelines and harbors.
(D) predict the extent of flooding.
(E) reduce the time they spend working out the details of a tsunami forecast.

R E S P O S T A :   E

•

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➭ 10 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each MCQ.

➭ Text – YOUNG KEEP IT SIMPLE IN HIGH-TECH WORLD LONDON | www.reuters.com |

❑ TEXTO:

YOUNG KEEP IT SIMPLE IN HIGH-TECH WORLD LONDON

LONDON (Reuters) - While young people embrace the Web with real or virtual friends and their cell phone is never far away, relatively few like technology and those that do tend to be in Brazil, India and China, according to a survey.

Only a handful think of technology as a concept, and just 16 percent use terms like “social networking,” said two combined surveys covering 8- to 24-year-olds published on July 24 by Microsoft and Viacom units MTV Networks and Nickelodeon.

“Young people don’t see ‘tech’ as a separate entity – it’s an organic part of their lives,” said Andrew Davidson, vice president of MTV’s VBS International Insight unit. “Talking to them about the role of technology in their lifestyle would be like talking to kids in the 1980s about the role the park swing or the telephone played in their social lives – it’s invisible.”

The surveys involved 18,000 young people in 16 countries including the UK, U.S., China, Japan, Canada and Mexico.

Terms most frequently used by the young when talking about technology related to accessing content for free, notably “download” and “burn”.

The surveyors found the average Chinese computer user has 37 online friends they have never met, Indian youth are most likely to see cell phones as a status symbol, while one-in-three UK and U.S. teenagers say they cannot live without games consoles. “The way each technology is adopted and adapted throughout the world depends as much on local cultural and social factors as on the technology itself,” said Davidson. For example, the key digital device for Japan’s young is the cell phone because of the privacy and portability it offers those who live in small homes with limited privacy. According to the survey, Japanese children aged eight to 14 have only one online friend they have not met, compared to a global average of five. Some 93 percent of Chinese computer users aged 8-14 have more than one friend online they have never met. In Davidson’s view this was encouraging those aged 8-14 in China to select online over television – a trend not seen in any other market in that age group.

The changes in how the youth market engages with technology are keenly followed by advertisers and content firms. “Traditional youth marketing considered opinion formers and influencers to be a small elite, but these days the elite has become much larger,” said the VBS’s vice president.

For parents worried about what their children are getting up to amid the wave of gadgets, little has changed in a generation. The surveyors found the most popular activities the under-14s enjoy were watching TV, listening to music and being with friends. The rankings for those older was similar although listening to music was top.

http://www.reuters.com/article/technologyNews/

idUSL236796320070724

July 24, 2007

11. The purpose of this article is to:
(A) criticize the excessive use of technology by modern teenagers worldwide.
(B) report on the results of recent studies on the use of technology by the youth.
(C) analyze the role of technology in promoting practices of social networking.
(D) advertise the launching of a new generation of gadgets designed to attract the young.
(E) justify why so few adolescents enjoy using technological devices in their daily routines.

R E S P O S T A :   B

• O objetivo deste artigo é:

(A) criticize the excessive use of technology by modern teenagers worldwide.

• criticar o uso excessivo de tecnologia por adolescentes modernos em todo o mundo.
(B) report on the results of recent studies on the use of technology by the youth.

• relatar os resultados de estudos recentes sobre o uso da tecnologia pelos jovens.
(C) analyze the role of technology in promoting practices of social networking.

• analisar o papel da tecnologia na promoção de práticas de redes sociais.
(D) advertise the launching of a new generation of gadgets designed to attract the young.

• anunciar o lançamento de uma nova geração de gadgets(aparelhos) projetados para atrair os jovens.
(E) justify why so few adolescents enjoy using technological devices in their daily routines.

• justificar por que tão poucos adolescentes gostam de usar dispositivos tecnológicos em suas rotinas diárias.
12. The sentence "Young people don't see 'tech' as a separate entity – it’s an organic part of their lives," (lines 11-12) means that:
(A) teens are so used to technology that they refuse to discuss it.
(B) youngsters seem to ignore the role of technology in their lives.
(C) technological advances appear to be something alien to teens.
(D) technology is so natural for teenagers that they don't even notice it.
(E) modern youth’s social life depends on high-tech gadgets such as cell phones.

R E S P O S T A :   D

•  A frase "Os jovens não vêem a 'tecnologia' como uma entidade separada - é uma parte orgânica de suas vidas" (linhas 11-12) significa que:
(A) os adolescentes estão tão acostumados com a tecnologia que se recusam a discuti-la.
(B) os jovens parecem ignorar o papel da tecnologia em suas vidas.
(C) os avanços tecnológicos parecem ser algo estranho para os adolescentes.
(D) a tecnologia é tão natural para os adolescentes que eles nem percebem.
(E) a vida social da juventude moderna depende de aparelhos de alta tecnologia, como telefones celulares.
13. Check the only option in which the underlined pronoun DOES NOT refer to the words “young people”.
(A) “relatively few like technology and those that do tend to be in Brazil, India and China,” (lines 3-4).
(B) “it’s an organic part of their lives,” (line 12).
(C) “Talking to them about…” (line 14).
(D) “… the role of technology in their lifestyle…” (line 14).
(E) “…the role the park swing or the telephone played in their social lives” (lines 15-16).

R E S P O S T A :   E

• 
14. "...accessing content for free"(acessar conteúdo na Internet gratuitamente) significa:
(A) create it freely.
(B) retrieve it illegally.
(C) obtain it without charge.
(D) make it available for a fee.
(E) require permission to copy it.

R E S P O S T A :   C

•
(A) cria-lo livremente.
(B) recuperá-lo ilegalmente.
(C) obtê-lo gratuitamente(sem ônus ou despesa).
(D) disponibilizá-lo mediante uma taxa.
(E) solicitar permissão para copiá-lo.
15. Mark the only correct statement about the surveys mentioned in the sixth paragraph.
(A) Chinese kids aged 8-14 seem to enjoy communicating with online friends better than watching TV shows.
(B) One third of British and American adolescents are unhappy because they don’t have consoles to play games.
(C) In Japan, 8- to 14-year-olds have as many unknown online friends as kids their age in other parts of the world.
(D) Cell phones are considered a key symbol of status by Indian and Japanese teenagers, who generally live in small homes.
(E) A few Chinese pre-teens and teens who are fond of computers have at least one friend online they have never seen face to face.

R E S P O S T A :   A

•
A) Crianças chinesas de 8 a 14 anos parecem gostar de se comunicar com amigos on-line melhor do que assistir a programas de TV.
(B) Um terço dos adolescentes britânicos e americanos estão descontentes porque não têm consoles para jogar.
(C) No Japão, crianças de 8 a 14 anos têm tantos amigos online desconhecidos quanto crianças de sua idade em outras partes do mundo.
(D) Os telefones celulares são considerados um símbolo chave de status pelos adolescentes indianos e japoneses, que geralmente moram em pequenas casas.
(E) Alguns pré-adolescentes e adolescentes chineses que gostam de computadores têm pelo menos um amigo online que nunca viram cara a cara.

16. Check the sentence in which “while” has the same meaning as in “While young people embrace the Web … according to a survey.” (lines 1-5).

(A) Where have you been all this while?
(B) I knew all the while I had nothing to fear.
(C) While I understand what you say, I can’t agree with you.
(D) Most of the good students got a job while still at the university.
(E) Roses grow in profusion in her garden, while carnations are less common.

R E S P O S T A :   E

• 
(A) Onde você esteve esse tempo todo?
(B) Eu sabia o tempo todo que não tinha nada a temer.
(C) Enquanto eu entendo o que você diz, não posso concordar com você.
(D) A maioria dos bons alunos conseguiu um emprego enquanto ainda estava na universidade.
(E) As rosas crescem em profusão em seu jardim, enquanto os cravos são menos comuns.
17. Mark the correct statement concerning vocabulary.
(A) “A handful” (line 6) means “a lot”.
(B) “Surveyors” (line 24) and “researchers” are antonyms.
(C) “Trend” (line 41) does not mean the same as “tendency”.
(D) “Keenly” (line 43) and “anxiously” are synonymous.
(E) “Worried about” (line 48) and “concerned with” have opposite meanings.

R E S P O S T A :   D

•
(A) “A handful” (line 6) means “a lot”.
(B) “Surveyors” (line 24) and “researchers” are antonyms.
(C) “Trend” (line 41) does not mean the same as “tendency”.
(D) “Keenly” (line 43) and “anxiously” are synonymous.
(E) “Worried about” (line 48) and “concerned with” have opposite meanings.
18. Check the item in which the boldfaced word or phrase introduces a reason.
(A) “Talking to them about the role of technology in their lifestyle would be like talking to kids in the 1980s…” (lines 14-15)
(B) “For example, the key digital device for Japan’s young is the cell phone…” (lines 31-32)
(C) “…because of the privacy and portability it offers those who live in small homes with limited privacy.” (lines 33-34)
(D) “ For parents worried about what their children are getting up to...” (lines 48-49)
(E) “The rankings for those older was similar although listening to music was top.” (lines 52-53)

R E S P O S T A :   C

• 
19. According to the last paragraph, the most popular activity for teens from 14 up is:
(A) watching TV.
(B) being with friends.
(C) listening to music.
(D) playing with gadgets.
(E) chatting with online mates.

R E S P O S T A :   C

• 
20. The text as a whole is:
(A) objective and informative.
(B) hopeful and enthusiastic.
(C) descriptive and pessimistic.
(D) persuasive and alarming.
(E) argumentative and critical.

R E S P O S T A :   A

• O texto como um todo é:

(A) objective and informative.

• objetivo e informativo.

(B) hopeful and enthusiastic.

• esperançoso e entusiasmado.
(C) descriptive and pessimistic.

• descritivo e pessimista.
(D) persuasive and alarming.

• persuasivo e alarmante.
(E) argumentative and critical.

• argumentativo e crítico.

PUC/RIO– 2009 – VESTIBULAR – GRUPOS 1,3 e 4 – LÍNGUA INGLESA – PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA / RJ – GABARITO & TEXTO TRADUZIDO.

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➭ 10 MCQs (Multiple Choice Questions) / 5 Options Each MCQ.

➭ Text (1) – ELECTRIC BICYCLES: GREEN YOUR BIKE COMMUTE | http://greenlivingideas.com |

➭ Text (2) – POSTs A,B,C,D. 

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❑ TEXTO 1 - TRADUÇÃO:

ELECTRIC BICYCLES: GREEN YOUR BIKE COMMUTE

BICICLETAS ELÉTRICAS: TORNE AS SUAS DESLOCAÇÕES DE BICICLETA MAIS ECOLÓGICAS

Despite the huge recent push to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, if you take a look around, you’ll note that cars still rule the road. The common mentality is that a bicycle (or walking, for that matter) is for those who live right around the corner from work, or don’t have any extras to tote along during the day. Enter the electric bicycle.

Apesar do enorme esforço recente para reduzir significativamente as emissões de gases com efeito de estufa, se olharmos à nossa volta, verificamos que os carros continuam a dominar a estrada. A mentalidade comum é que uma bicicleta (ou andar a pé, já agora) é para aqueles que vivem mesmo ao virar da esquina do trabalho, ou que não têm extras para transportar durante o dia. Entra a bicicleta elétrica.

Electric bikes (also referred to as e-bikes or powerassist bicycles) haven’t yet proven to be a viable alternative for most people because of the cost, weight, and added complexities, such as rechargeable battery packs, that can arise from their use. However, there are some strong cost and environmental justifications for using these virtually silent motorized wonders as part of your daily commute. The newest technology for electric bikes also effectively answers many past e-bike concerns.

As bicicletas elétricas (também designadas por e-bikes ou bicicletas powe-rassist) ainda não provaram ser uma alternativa viável para a maioria das pessoas devido ao custo, peso e complexidades acrescidas, como as baterias recarregáveis, que podem resultar da sua utilização. No entanto, existem algumas justificações fortes em termos de custos e ambientais para utilizar estas maravilhas motorizadas praticamente silenciosas como parte das suas deslocações diárias. A mais recente tecnologia para bicicletas elétricas também responde eficazmente a muitas das preocupações do passado com as bicicletas elétricas.

What’s not to love about e-bikes? They’re light, they recharge quickly, travel far without a trace of pollution, and store all of your stuff ... “But wait,” you naturally ask next, “What’s this gonna cost me?” A little research reveals a wide range of prices, simply dependent upon maker and added features. Average prices span from $450 to $1,500, while add-ons like customized front suspension and battery upgrades will tack on a bit more. However, that’s not too unfair considering what you’ll be saving in fuel costs, and the harmful pollutants you’ll be sparing Mother Nature in the process. Very eco-cool!

O que há para não gostar nas bicicletas eléctricas? São leves, recarregam rapidamente, viajam para longe sem qualquer vestígio de poluição e guardam todas as suas coisas ... "Mas espere", pergunta-se naturalmente a seguir, "quanto é que isto me vai custar?" Uma pequena pesquisa revela uma grande variedade de preços, que dependem simplesmente do fabricante e das características adicionais. Os preços médios variam entre $450 e $1.500, enquanto que os extras, como a suspensão dianteira personalizada e as atualizações da bateria, custam um pouco mais. No entanto, isso não é muito injusto, tendo em conta o que estará a poupar em custos de combustível e os poluentes nocivos que estará a poupar à Mãe Natureza no processo. Muito eco-cool!

By Keith Shockley http://greenlivingideas.com/electric-bicycles/electricbicycles-green-your-bike-commute.html (with slight adaptations)

*Commute (noun): a regular journey of some distance to and from your place of work; the act of traveling from one place to another.

*Commute (substantivo): uma viagem regular de alguma distância para e do seu local de trabalho; o ato de viajar de um local para outro.

❑ QUESTIONÁRIO – TEXTO 1:

11 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)

The main purpose of Text 1 is to:
(A) claim that e-bikes are an eco-friendly substitute for cars.
(B) advertise the newest models of electric bikes in the market.
(C) complain against the high prices e-bikes can reach nowadays.
(D) criticize citizens who cannot get rid of their cars when commuting.
(E) suggest that only those who live close to their jobs should use a bike.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

The main purpose of Text 1 is to:

O principal objetivo do Texto 1 é:
(A) claim that e-bikes are an eco-friendly substitute for cars. – afirmar que as bicicletas elétricas são um substituto ecológico dos automóveis.
(B) advertise the newest models of electric bikes in the market. – publicitar os mais recentes modelos de bicicletas eléctricas no mercado.
(C) complain against the high prices e-bikes can reach nowadays. – queixar-se dos preços elevados que as bicicletas eléctricas podem atingir hoje em dia.
(D) criticize citizens who cannot get rid of their cars when commuting. – criticar os cidadãos que não conseguem livrar-se dos seus carros nas deslocações pendulares.
(E) suggest that only those who live close to their jobs should use a bike. – sugerir que apenas as pessoas que vivem perto dos seus empregos devem utilizar uma bicicleta.

❑ IDEIA PRINCIPAL TEXTO: apresentar a bicicleta elétrica como uma alternativa possível para deslocamentos.

(1) NO TÍTULO: ELECTRIC BICYCLES: GREEN YOUR BIKE COMMUTE - BICICLETAS ELÉTRICAS: TORNE AS SUAS DESLOCAÇÕES DE BICICLETA MAIS ECOLÓGICAS

12 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
About greenhouse gas emissions, Text 1 (lines 1-3) reveals that:
(A) they have decreased slightly in recent times.
(B) most cars on the road now have lower gas emissions.
(C) a great campaign to decrease them quickly will be made.
(D) great efforts have been made lately to cut them back considerably.
(E) the number of cars that produce them has been dropping sharply.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  D 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

About greenhouse gas emissions, Text 1 (lines 1-3) reveals that:

Sobre as emissões de gases de efeito estufa, o Texto 1 (linhas 1-3) revela que:
(A) they have decreased slightly in recent times. – diminuíram ligeiramente nos últimos tempos.
(B) most cars on the road now have lower gas emissions. – a maioria dos carros que circulam atualmente tem emissões de gases mais baixas.
(C) a great campaign to decrease them quickly will be made. – será feita uma grande campanha para diminuí-los rapidamente.
(D) great efforts have been made lately to cut them back considerably. – ultimamente grandes esforços foram feitos  para reduzi-los consideravelmente.
(E) the number of cars that produce them has been dropping sharply. – o número de carros que os produzem vem caindo acentuadamente.

❑ NO TEXTO:

• "[...] Despite the huge recent push to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, if you take a look around, you’ll note that cars still rule the road."
• Apesar do enorme esforço recente para reduzir significativamente as emissões de gases com efeito de estufa, se olharmos à nossa volta, verificamos que os automóveis continuam a dominar a estrada.

13 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
“These virtually silent motorized wonders” (lines 13-14) refers to:
(A) ordinary bikes.
(B) power-assist bicycles.
(C) rechargeable battery packs for bikes.
(D) bicycles that do not run on batteries.
(E) bicycles that travel much faster than cars.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

“These virtually silent motorized wonders” (lines 13-14) refers to:

“Essas maravilhas motorizadas praticamente silenciosas” referem-se a:
(A) ordinary bikes. – bicicletas comuns.
(B) power-assist bicycles. – bicicletas com assistência elétrica. (= bicicletas motorizadas ou elétricas)
(C) rechargeable battery packs for bikes. – kits de baterias recarregáveis para bicicletas.
(D) bicycles that do not run on batteries. – bicicletas que não funcionam com baterias.
(E) bicycles that travel much faster than cars. – bicicletas que se locomovem muito mais depressa do que os carros.

14 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
Although the newest technology for electric bikes may have managed to answer many past e-bike concerns (lines 15-16), some still remain, such as:
(A) higher prices than those of conventional bikes.

(B) non-polluting rechargeable batteries.
(C) ineffective suspension technology.
(D) extremely limited storage capacity.
(E) extended recharge time.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

Although the newest technology for electric bikes may have managed to answer many past e-bike concerns (lines 15-16), some still remain, such as:

Embora a mais nova tecnologia para bicicletas elétricas possa ter respondido a muitas preocupações anteriores sobre bicicletas elétricas, algumas ainda permanecem, tais como:
(A) higher prices than those of conventional bikes. – preços mais elevados do que os das bicicletas convencionais.

(B) non-polluting rechargeable batteries. – baterias recarregáveis não poluentes. (não é preocupação, e sim vantagem)
(C) ineffective suspension technology. – tecnologia de suspensão ineficaz. (não é preocupação visto que com um custo adicionado, consegue-se uma suspensão dianteira personalizada)

(D) extremely limited storage capacity. – capacidade de armazenamento extremamente limitada. (não é preocupação visto que as e-bikes guardam todas as suas coisas ou pertences)

(E) extended recharge time. – tempo de recarga prolongado. (não é preocupação visto que as baterias recarregam rapidamente)

❑ NO TEXTO:

• "[...] What’s not to love about e-bikes? They’re light, they recharge quickly, travel far without a trace of pollution, and store all of your stuff ... “But wait,” you naturally ask next, “What’s this gonna cost me?” A little research reveals a wide range of prices, simply dependent upon maker and added features. Average prices span from $450 to $1,500, while add-ons like customized front suspension and battery upgrades will tack on a bit more. However, that’s not too unfair considering what you’ll be saving in fuel costs, and the harmful pollutants you’ll be sparing Mother Nature in the process. Very eco-cool!"
• O que há para não gostar nas bicicletas eléctricas? São leves, recarregam rapidamente, viajam para longe sem qualquer vestígio de poluição e guardam todas as suas coisas ... "Mas espere", pergunta-se naturalmente a seguir, "quanto é que isto me vai custar?" Uma pequena pesquisa revela uma grande variedade de preços, que dependem simplesmente do fabricante e das características adicionais. Os preços médios variam entre $450 e $1.500, enquanto que os extras, como a suspensão dianteira personalizada e as atualizações da bateria, custam um pouco mais. No entanto, isso não é muito injusto, tendo em conta o que estará a poupar em custos de combustível e os poluentes nocivos que estará a poupar à Mãe Natureza no processo. Muito eco-cool!

15 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
Check the option in which the word in Text 1 could be replaced by the word or expression in italics.
(A) Despite (line 1) – Because.
(B) If (line 2) – In case.
(C) Such as (line 11) – As well as.
(D) But (line 19) – Even though.

(E) However (line 24) – In spite of.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - MARCADORES DISCURSIVOS:

❑ DESPITE (= in spite of) – APESAR DE – Transmite ideia de contraponto ou contraste.

• Despite the huge recent push to significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions, if you take a look around, you’ll note that cars still rule the road.
• Apesar do enorme esforço recente para reduzir significativamente as emissões de gases com efeito de estufa, se olharmos à nossa volta, verificamos que os automóveis continuam a dominar a estrada.

From: www.ldoceonline.com

❑ IF (= in case, in that situation) – SE, NO CASO, NA SITUAÇÃO – Usado em contexto onde uma coisa em particular pode ou acontecerá somente depois que outra coisa acontecer ou se tornar verdadeira:

• if you take a look around, you’ll note that cars still rule the road.
• no caso de olharmos à nossa volta, verificamos que os automóveis continuam a dominar a estrada.

16 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
In order to spare Mother Nature (lines 26-27) you have to:
(A) use it carelessly.
(B) cause damage to it.
(C) succeed in changing it.
(D) avoid any attempts to improve it.
(E) prevent it from being harmed.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Para poupar a Mãe Natureza (linhas 26 a 27), você deve:
(A) use-o descuidado.
(B) causar danos a ele.
(C) conseguiu alterá-lo.
(D) evite qualquer tentativa de melhorá-lo.
(E) impedir que seja prejudicado.

17 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
According to Text 1, electric bicycles are considered “very eco-cool” (line 27) because they:
(A) come in different models and sizes.
(B) are not heavy and can carry people’s belongings.
(C) are an alternative to reduce gas emissions and fuel costs.
(D) may be customized to fulfill the person’s needs.
(E) have already replaced cars in some big centers.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  C 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
De acordo com o texto 1, as bicicletas elétricas são consideradas "muito ecológicas" (linha 27) porque:
(A) vêm em diferentes modelos e tamanhos.
(B) não são pesados e podem carregar os pertences das pessoas.
(C) são uma alternativa para reduzir as emissões de gases e os custos de combustível.
(D) pode ser personalizado para atender às necessidades da pessoa.
(E) já substituíram carros em alguns grandes centros.

❑ TEXTO 2 - TRADUÇÃO:
The posts below were written in response to TEXT 1. Read them and answer the following questions.

As mensagens abaixo foram escritas em resposta ao TEXTO 1. Lê-os e responde às perguntas que se seguem.

Post A
Guest, Unregistered

Post A

Convidado, Não registado

Try buying a used bike! It will come fully equipped with pedals and a chain, saving you all the unnecessary waste from battery packs.

Experimente comprar uma bicicleta usada! Virá totalmente equipada com pedais e uma corrente, poupando-lhe todo o desperdício desnecessário das baterias.
Worried about the energy it will take to make it move? Well, easy solution, eat daily to provide your body with enough energy to ride it. If you aren’t fit enough, now is a good a time as ever to start working out.

Preocupado com a energia que será necessária para o fazer andar? Bem, a solução é fácil: coma diariamente para fornecer ao seu corpo energia suficiente para o fazer andar. Se ainda não está em forma, esta é uma boa altura para começar a fazer exercício.
For extra storage space you could try purchasing a basket or larger backpack to hold all your things. And we’re not done yet! A decent and comfortable used bike usually runs between $20 - $100 (depending on how good you are at negotiation) and it comes with the added satisfaction of re-using... therefore limiting the waste going into our landfills.

Para ter mais espaço de arrumação, pode tentar comprar um cesto ou uma mochila maior para guardar todas as suas coisas. E ainda não acabámos! Uma bicicleta usada decente e confortável custa normalmente entre 20 e 100 dólares (dependendo do seu nível de negociação) e tem a satisfação adicional de ser reutilizada... limitando assim os resíduos que vão para os nossos aterros.

Talk about a deal.
Posted 2008-08-08 13:51:20

Isto é que é um negócio.

Publicado em 2008-08-08 13:51:20

Post B
Kelly, Unregistered

Post B

Kelly, Não registado

I live in the Eastbay, teach in San Francisco, and usually have lots of stuff to carry to and from work. I have decided against driving across the congested bay bridge everyday, the drive causes mild frustration and stress, and the toll is probably going to increase from $4 to $5. […] All this before actually beginning to do the work I am commited and enjoy doing.
Vivo em Eastbay, dou aulas em São Francisco e, normalmente, tenho muitas coisas para transportar de e para o trabalho. Decidi não atravessar a congestionada ponte da baía todos os dias, pois a viagem causa-me uma ligeira frustração e stress, e a portagem vai provavelmente aumentar de 4 para 5 dólares. [...] Tudo isto antes de começar a fazer o trabalho a que me comprometi e que gosto de fazer.

So then, I have decided to invest in an inexpensive bicycle, one that allows me to carry all my stuff; and I will use public transportation, this will cost about $8 per day. What do you think, will I get too frustrated by having to get up earlier in order to take my bicycle on train during bicycle hours, and what about the wet weather?????
Posted 2008-07-10 09:54:31

Assim, decidi investir numa bicicleta barata, que me permita transportar todas as minhas coisas; e vou utilizar os transportes públicos, o que custará cerca de 8 dólares por dia. O que acham, será que vou ficar muito frustrado por ter de me levantar mais cedo para levar a minha bicicleta no comboio durante as horas de bicicleta, e o que dizer do tempo húmido? ?????

Enviada 2008-07-10 09:54:31

Post C
Mr. Alex, Unregistered

Posto C

Sr. Alex, não registrado

If only anyone used these bikes...
But people are too lazy to switch their cars to bikes.

Posted 2008-06-06 08:01:36

Se ao menos alguém usasse estas bicicletas...

Mas as pessoas são preguiçosas demais para trocar seus carros por bicicletas.

Postado em 2008-06-06 08:01:36

Post D
Dr. Voltenstein
Guest Visitor, Unregistered

Post D

Dr. Voltenstein

Visitante convidado, não registrado

see the lightest most powerful at falconev.com
Posted 2007-10-08 06:52:41

veja os mais leves e poderosos em falconev.com

Publicado em 2007-10-08 06:52:41

18 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
Check the correct information about the purpose of some of the Posts.
(A) Post A gives suggestions and Post B asks for opinion.
(B) Post B gives an opinion and Post C provides information.
(C) Posts A and C ask for clarification.
(D) Posts B and D encourage suggestions.
(E) Posts C and D express criticism.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  A 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
Verifique as informações corretas sobre o objetivo de algumas das postagens.
(A) O post A dá sugestões e o post B pede opinião.
(B) O posto B dá uma opinião e o posto C fornece informações.
(C) As postagens A e C solicitam esclarecimentos.
(D) As postagens B e D incentivam sugestões.
(E) As postagens C e D expressam críticas.

19 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
In Post A, “it” is used to refer to “bike” in all the options below, EXCEPT in
(A) “It will come fully equipped…” (line 3).
(B) “…the energy it will take…” (line 6).
(C) “…to make it move.” (line 6).
(D) “…enough energy to ride it.” (line 8).
(E) “…and it comes with…” (line 14).
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  B 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:

20 – (PUC/RIO-2009-VESTIBULAR-GRUPOS 1,3 e 4)
Post B's writer, Kelly, reveals that she:
(A) prefers to drive across the bay bridge when she has stuff to carry.
(B) decided against buying a bike to avoid getting wet in rainy days.
(C) gets terribly stressed when the bay bridge is full of traffic.
(D) is not very happy with what she is doing professionally.
(E) has made up her mind to purchase a low-priced bicycle.
👍 Comentários e Gabarito  E 
TÓPICO - IDEIA CONTEXTUAL ou INFORMAÇÃO DENTRO DO TEXTO:
A escritora do Post B, Kelly, revela que ela:
(A) prefere atravessar a ponte da baía quando ela tem coisas para carregar.
(B) decidiu não comprar uma bicicleta para não se molhar em dias de chuva.
(C) fica terrivelmente estressado quando a ponte da baía está cheia de tráfego.
(D) não está muito feliz com o que está fazendo profissionalmente.
(E) decidiu comprar uma bicicleta barata.