Postagens
www.inglesparaconcursos.blog.br
❑ PROVA DE LÍNGUA INGLESA:
• ITA-SP-2009.
01 – (ITA/SP-2009)
Dentre
as notícias da página, somente
I. duas são de interesse para a área médica.
II. duas estão relacionadas à área de transporte.
III. uma trata de projetos sociais.
Está(ão) correta(s)
(A) apenas a I.
(B) apenas a II.
(C) apenas a III.
(D) apenas I e III.
(E) todas.
Comentários e Gabarito D
02 – (ITA/SP-2009)
Indique o link que o leitor deverá escolher para obter informações sobre um determinado equipamento de segurança.
(A) Improving
people's lives, one device at a time
(B) MIT awarded $3M for training program in quantum information science
(C) MIT researchers offer glimpse of rare mutant cells
(D) MIT recommends steps to slash fuel use by 2035
(E) Protection built to scale-fish scale, that is
Comentários e Gabarito E
03 – (ITA/SP-2009)
De acordo com a página da web:
I. o MIT recebeu recursos
para implementar um curso de pós-graduação na área de Ciência da Informação
Quântica.
II. o MIT sediou evento de um mês para atrair pessoas que vivem em países em desenvolvimento.
III. o brinquedo LEGO foi utilizado como protótipo em um dos
projetos do Workshop de verão realizado no MIT.
IV. dentro de aproximadamente 25 anos, o consumo de combustíveis dos veículos
americanos poderá ser semelhante ao consumo dos veículos no início desta
década.
Está(ão) correta(s)
(A) apenas I e II.
(B) apenas I e IV.
(C) apenas II e III.
(D) apenas II e IV.
(E) apenas III e IV.
Comentários e Gabarito B
04 – (ITA/SP-2009)
Indique o link de onde o parágrafo ao lado foi extraído.
"There is
widespread belief that fundamental ideas from (...) will lead to useful new
information technology and provide computing, communication, and control
systems beyond the limits of traditional paradigms," said Shapiro.
"These carry with them profound social implications. This is why this
training program will incorporate educations in ethics and social
context."
(A) Improving
people's lives, one device at a time
(B) MIT awarded $3M for training program in quantum information science
(C) MIT researchers offer glimpse of rare mutant cells
(D) MIT recommends steps to slash fuel use by 2035
(E) Protection built to scale-fish scale, that is
Comentários e Gabarito B
❑ TEXTO 2: As questões de 05 a 11 referem-se ao seguinte texto.
TEXTILES
Smarter Clothes. Europe wants to own the market for fabrics that can monitor
you and your environment
SALLY MCGRANE/PAVIA
AT THE EUCENTRE, A RESEARCH SITE cofounded by the Italian Civil Protection
Department in Pavia, Italy, a young engineer dons a firefighter’s uniform that
has been in testing for six months. The first prototype of the Proetex project,
the ordinary looking navy blue jacket and pants contain high-tech fabrics that
can keep track of a firefighter’s vital signs, warn him if the fire is too hot
up ahead, provide GPS readings of his position and alert the command center if
he has passed out. (...)
Though the technology was pioneered in the U.S., the Europeans have taken the
reins in a bid to revitalize their traditional-textile industry, which has been
hammered by Asian competition. “We want to develop state-of-the-art know-how
that can’t be found in Asia,” says Andreas Lymberis, a scientific officer
with the European Commission who has championed smart textiles. “Our purpose is
to create a new market.”
Bringing industry partners like Philips and traditional clothing and textile
companies together with university researchers from across the E.U. and
Switzerland, Commission-funded teams have already produced prototypes with
limited commercial availability, such as a tank top that wirelessly monitors
cardiac patients and sports clothes that keep track of breathing. Other
projects include fabrics that look and feel normal but are embedded with
microcomputers, solar panels and energyharvesting systems, as well as fabrics
that measure blood oxygen levels and track biochemicals in sweat and bedsheets
that monitor depression.
The world market for smart textiles is still small – about $ 550 million
in revenue in 2008 – but that could double by 2010, according to
Massachusetts-based venture Development Corp. The challenge is to fit
applications to the market, says Lutz Walter, R&D manager at Euratex, a
group representing the $ 326 billion European clothing-and-textile industry.
“In the medical field, there’s high value added. But to be approved as devices
takes 10 years,” says Walter. “In other areas, it’s price: How much are
consumers going to be willing to pay for a smart jogging shirt or for a baby
suit that detects sudden death syndrome?” (...)
The development of these technologies is currently taking place largely in the
biomedical and safety fields, but Annalisa Bonfiglio, a professor of
electrical and electronic engineering at the University of Cagliari who
coordinates the Proetex project, thinks sports could be the sector where the
most potential lies. “Sportswear is an extremely powerful means for promoting
the acceptance of these new technologies by common people,” says Bonfiglio,
noting that the technology Proetex develops for rescue workers could easily be
used later for sports applications.
At the Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital in Boston, researchers are testing a
glove made by Smartex, an Italian smart-materials company, that tracks motor
functions in poststroke patients.
Smartex founder and University of Pisa biomedicalengineering professor Danilo
De Rossi says there is no way of knowing if Europe will maintain its edge.
“Right now we are leading in this field,” he says, since Europe tends to be
concerned with medicine, social welfare and the elderly, whereas the U.S. tends
to focus on military technology. That could change. But in a business driven by
technology rather than price, the Europeans would still have a fighting
chance.
Time, July 14, 2008 (adapted).
05 – (ITA/SP-2009)
Assinale a opção que melhor indica o tema central do texto.
(A) Levantamento de
necessidades do mercado mundial para o desenvolvimento de tecidos inteligentes.
(B) Descrição de peças de vestuário desenvolvidas por engenheiros europeus e
americanos.
(C) Disputa do mercado mundial para detenção da tecnologia para desenvolvimento
e produção de tecidos inteligentes.
(D) Concorrência entre diversas indústrias do setor têxtil.
(E) Disputa entre universidades e indústrias europeias para o desenvolvimento
de pesquisa tecnológica na área têxtil.
Comentários e Gabarito C
06 – (ITA/SP-2009)
De acordo com o texto, a indumentária desenvolvida no Projeto Proetex permite, dentre outras funções, que:
I. os sinais vitais e a localização do usuário sejam monitorados.
II. o usuário seja alertado sobre aumento da temperatura externa.
III. um possível desmaio do usuário seja evitado.
Está(ão) correta(s)
(A) apenas a I.
(B) apenas a II.
(C) apenas a III.
(D) apenas I e II.
(E) apenas II e III.
Comentários e Gabarito D
07 – (ITA/SP-2009)
De acordo com o texto:
I. a tecnologia hoje utilizada para o desenvolvimento de tecidos inteligentes para uniformes de bombeiros poderá ser facilmente adaptada para roupas de esportistas.
II. há consumidores dispostos a pagar qualquer preço por uma peça de roupa infantil que sinalize a doença morte-súbita.
III. em breve, os asiáticos passarão a dominar o mercado de tecidos
inteligentes, hoje nas mãos dos europeus.
Está(ão) correta(s)
(A) apenas a I.
(B) apenas a II.
(C) apenas a III.
(D) apenas I e II.
(E) todas.
Comentários e Gabarito A
08 – (ITA/SP-2009)
Assinale a opção em que o termo da coluna II NÃO pode substituir o termo da coluna I no texto.
I II
[A] dons (parágrafo
1) wears
[B] the reins (parágrafo 2) control
[C] a bid (parágrafo 2) an attempt
[D] hammered (parágrafo 2) stopped
[E] championed (parágrafo 2) supported
Comentários e Gabarito D
09 – (ITA/SP-2009)
Assinale a opção que indica o projeto, ou protótipo, de uso de tecido inteligente que NÃO é mencionado no texto.
(A) Roupa de cama capaz de
monitorar depressão.
(B) Coletes sem fio para monitorar pacientes cardíacos.
(C) Roupas esportivas para monitorar respiração.
(D) Tecidos com painel solar embutido.
(E) Meias para monitorar movimentos de pacientes pós-derrame.
Comentários e Gabarito E
10 – (ITA/SP-2009)
De acordo com o texto:
I. estima-se que a renda do mercado mundial de tecidos inteligentes poderá atingir 1.1 bilhão de dólares em aproximadamente dois anos.
II. Smartex é uma empresa italiana que foi fundada por um professor universitário.
III. a Comissão Européia subsidiou uma equipe composta pela Philips, por
empresas tradicionais das áreas têxtil e de vestuário e por pesquisadores
universitários americanos e suíços.
Está(ão) correta(s)
[A] apenas a I.
[B] apenas a II.
[C] apenas a III.
[D] apenas I e II.
[E] apenas II e III.
Comentários e Gabarito D
11 – (ITA/SP-2009)
Considere as seguintes frases extraídas do texto e as respectivas reescritas.
I. ... a young engineer dons a firefighter’s uniform that has been in testing for six months. (parágrafo 1) ... a firefighter’s uniform that has been in testing for six months is donned by a young engineer.
II. ... Commission-funded teams have already produced prototypes with limited commercial availability... (parágrafo 3) ... prototypes with limited commercial availability have already produced by Commission-funded teams.
III. ... researchers are testing a glove made by Smartex, an Italian
smart-materials company, ... (parágrafo
6) ... a glove made by Smartex, an Italian smart-materials company,
has been tested by researchers.
Está(ão) correta(s)
[A] apenas a I.
[B] apenas a II.
[C] apenas a III.
[D] apenas I e II.
[E] apenas II e III.
Comentários e Gabarito A
❑ TEXTO 3: A questão 12 refere-se à tira abaixo.
OECD Observer Nº 268 July 2008
12 – (ITA/SP-2009)
Assinale
a opção que melhor preenche a fala do balão em branco no primeiro quadrinho.
(A) Yes, hold
on a second.
(B) The line is busy at the moment.
(C) Indeed, how can I help you?
(D) Yes, what would you like to have?
(E) Yes, can I
hook you up?
Comentários e Gabarito C
❑ TEXTO 4: As questões de 13 a 16 referem-se ao texto abaixo:
Persuading Leonardo
Although both Ben Shneiderman's Leonardo's Laptop: Human Needs and the New Computing Technologies and B.J. Fogg's Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change What We Think and Do are written by academics, the books transcend academia to provide a different view of the Internet's potential. Shneiderman prepares the groundwork for what he calls the "new computing," while Fogg describes how to make that computing persuasive.
The idea behind Leonardo's Laptop is a consideration of what Leonardo da Vinci would demand from a laptop computer and what he would do with it. To Shneiderman, who is founding director of the Human-Computer Interaction Lab at the University of Maryland, the new computing puts users first. Shneiderman begins with a brief history of computing and computer applications, declaring that, "These founders of the old computing overcame technological limitations to build impressive projects and then turned to producing tools for themselves, giving little thought to the needs of other users." Although not a founder, I admit to being of the old computing generation. I programmed in dead languages such as IBM's 1401 Autocoder and 360 Assembler before progressing to Cobol and RPG. I have now learned Visual Basic and C++, and I can report that there is nothing intrinsic to any of these languages that center a programmer's focus on those who use their applications. The new computing is not about languages but, as Shneiderman suggests, about understanding human activities and human relationships.
With Leonardo as both creator and user, his laptop will enable greater creativity and grander goals. This book goads you with ideas for applications in e-learning, e-business, e-healthcare, and e-government. Each area is built around a framework for technology innovation that Shneiderman calls the "four circles of relationships" and the "four stages of activities." (…)
Although the mental picture of Leonardo with a notebook computer excites the imagination, as a literary device, it does not wear well as the book progresses. Nonetheless, Shneiderman achieves the objective of Leonardo's Laptop — creating a foundation for the new computing.
With a new computing application in hand, B.J. Fogg's Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change What We Think and Do gives you advice on its implementation. To Fogg, who launched Stanford's Persuasive Technology Lab and who holds seven patents in the area of UI* design, a web site must first be credible to be persuasive. Fogg has coined the term "captology" to describe this branch of the study of computers. From the book's "Introduction:"
Captology
focuses on the design, research, and analysis of interactive computing products
created for the purpose of changing people's attitudes or behaviors.
It is the computer's ability to provide interactivity that gives its applications an advantage over other forms of media.
Persuasive Technology describes three basic roles that computers play: the computer as a tool, as media, and as a social actor. Further, there are seven types of persuasive tools described by Fogg. Such tools persuade by simplifying, tunneling (guiding), customizing, being there at the right time, removing tedium, rewarding after observation, and reinforcing proper behavior. As media, computers can modify behavior by simulating new endeavors. As a social actor, computers persuade through praise. However, no matter the role, to persuade, the application must be credible.
Perhaps the most interesting parts of Fogg's book are the two chapters that discuss the ways in which computer applications destroy their own credibility and what an application or web site must do to be considered, by its users, trustworthy. According to Fogg, a computing device or application is perceived to be credible only if it is first perceived as believable—trustworthiness based on expertise. In brief, an application is trustworthy if it is thought to be fair and unbiased. It is trustworthy if its author or origin is thought to be skilled and knowledgeable. The crux of the issue is that credibility matters.
Both books are
thoroughly documented and both are excellent points of departure for a more
detailed inquiry into the available material. If both books are taken to heart,
using computers and their applications will become enjoyable and satisfying.
* U.I. - User Inteface
D. Wohlbruck, Dr Dobb’s
Journal, January, 2004
13 – (ITA/SP-2008/2009)
Indique
o gênero, em inglês, ao qual o texto acima pertence.
(A) summary
(B) review
(C) essay
(D) abstract
(E) report
Comentários e Gabarito B
14 – (ITA/SP-2008/2009)
Considere as seguintes afirmações.
I. As duas obras discutidas
no texto têm como assunto principal o uso do computador e suas aplicações
atuais e potenciais.
II. Shneiderman e Fogg, autores do texto, mostram a potencial aplicação da
internet nos dias atuais.
III. De acordo com Shneiderman, o computador eficaz deve ser, concomitantemente,
uma ferramenta capaz de persuadir e um agente interativo.
Está(ão) correta(s)
[A] apenas a I.
[B] apenas a II.
[C] apenas a III.
[D] apenas I e II.
[E] apenas I e III.
Comentários e Gabarito A
15 – (ITA/SP-2008/2009)
Com relação a Leonardo’s Laptop: Human Needs and the New Computing Technologies, NÃO se pode dizer que a obra
[A] tem como foco o usuário
de computadores, seja ele um iniciante ou especialista no assunto.
[B] destaca a importância de programas como Autocoder e Assembler, assim como
COBOL, RPG, Visual Basic e C++.
[C] discute o tipo de uso que Leonardo da Vinci faria, caso tivesse um
computador portátil.
[D] mostra a importância das relações humanas no uso do computador.
[E] apresenta ao usuário possibilidades de diferentes usos do computador,
dentre eles, para negócios eletrônicos.
Comentários e Gabarito B
16 – (ITA/SP-2008/2009)
Com relação a
Persuasive Technology: Using Computers to Change What We Think and Do,
analise as afirmações a seguir:
I. O trabalho foi idealizado no Laboratório de Tecnologia Persuasiva da Universidade de Stanford e consiste na sétima criação intelectual do autor.
II. Ao propor um novo conceito na área computacional, o autor destaca mudanças de atitude ou de comportamento dos usuários.
III. A obra argumenta que uma página da web deve ser confiável para seduzir o
usuário.
Está(ão) correta(s)
[A] apenas a I.
[B] apenas a II.
[C] apenas a III.
[D] apenas I e II.
[E] apenas II e III.
Comentários e Gabarito E
❑ TEXTO 5: As questões de 17 a 20 referem-se à entrevista abaixo.
TEN QUESTIONS
OVER A CELL PHONE
Milton Hatoum is the award winning author of Dois
Irmãos (Two Brothers) and Cinzas do Norte (Ashes from the North). His new
novel, Órfãos do Eldorado (Eldorado Orphans), will be released next April.
1 - Which was
your best trip ever?
The trip I took with my father to Lebanon, in July 1992. He had not seen his
Lebanese family for over 30 years. Visiting Lebanon and meeting dozens of
relatives was a very emotional experience.
2 - What is
your dream trip?
To go to Kashmir and some parts of India. I also would like to visit several
African countries.
3 - In what
other country would you like to live?
Well, I have already lived in three countries and eight different cities. I now
just want to stay around here. But when I think of Provence or Tuscany, I feel
like spending some time in France and Italy.
4 - What do you
admire most about a person?
His or her character. What elevates or demeans a human being is not religion,
gender, color, ethnicity – none of that. It’s the character.
5 - What do you
hate most in a person?
I think an arrogant person looks ridiculous. I hate meanness, deceit, dishonest
people.
6 - Would you
be happy without friends?
I would be unhappier without them.
7 - What animal
would you like to be?
The very same one I was destined to be. Our fate is to be human.
8 - What do you
do when you have nothing to do?
I get bored when I don’t do anything. Right now, after finishing a novel, I
feel a bit like I’m hanging in midair, aimless. But there’s always a book
to read or re-read.
9 - Who is your
favorite film director?
I love Rossellini, Visconti and the directors of Italian neo-realism.
10 - What
character would you like to be?
It’s hard to say... I would be a terrible actor. But all the characters in my
novels have a bit of me in them.
Ano nº 2 OceanAir em revista, 2008 (adapted).
17 – (ITA/SP-2008/2009)
Leia
as informações abaixo sobre Milton Hatoum:
I. Viveu em diferentes
países e cidades e pretende conhecer lugares na Índia e na África.
II. Destaca a viagem ao Líbano, com seu pai, há 30 anos, como uma das mais marcantes de sua vida.
III. Elegeu Provença ou Toscana para fixar residência.
Está (ão) correta(s)
[A] apenas a I.
[B] apenas a II.
[C] apenas a III.
[D] apenas I e II.
[E] nenhuma.
Comentários e Gabarito E
18 – (ITA/SP-2008/2009)
De acordo com a entrevista,
Milton Hatoum
I. é um renomado escritor, que recebeu premiação recentemente pela novela Dois Irmãos.
II. costuma reler suas obras quando está com tempo livre.
III. reconhece características pessoais nos personagens que cria.
Está(ão) correta(s)
[A] apenas a I.
[B] apenas a II.
[C] apenas a III.
[D] apenas I e II.
[E] todas.
Comentários e Gabarito C
19 – (ITA/SP-2008/2009)
Considere as seguintes traduções das respostas de Milton Hatoum:
I. What elevates or demeans a human being is not religion, gender, color, ethnicity - none of that. O que enaltece ou descaracteriza um ser humano não é a religião, o sexo, a cor, a ética - nada disso.
II. I hate meanness, deceit, dishonest people. Eu odeio mesquinharia, falsidade, pessoas desonestas.
III. Right now, after finishing a novel, I feel a bit like I’m hanging in mid-air, aimless.” Agora, depois de terminar uma novela, eu me sinto totalmente no ar, sem rumo.
Está(ão) correta(s)
[A] apenas a I.
[B] apenas a II.
[C] apenas a III.
[D] apenas I e II.
[E] apenas II e III.
Comentários e Gabarito D
20 – (ITA/SP-2008/2009)
Marque a opção incorreta.
[A] Can you describe the
trip you took in 1992? pode substituir a pergunta n° 1, sem comprometer
a resposta de Milton Hatoum.
[B] What is the
main aspect that attracts your attention in a person? pode substituir a
pergunta n° 4, sem comprometer a resposta de Milton Hatoum.
[C] What is an
arrogant person like? pode substituir a pergunta n° 5, sem comprometer a
resposta de Milton Hatoum.
[D] None except a human being pode ser outra resposta de Milton Hatoum à
pergunta n° 7.
[E] How do you feel when you have nothing to do? pode substituir a pergunta n°
8, sem comprometer a resposta de Milton Hatoum.
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